ADHD Prevalence in Spanish Preschoolers: Comorbidity, Socio-Demographic Factors, and Functional Consequences

Objective: The object was to examine the prevalence of ADHD among preschoolers, analyzing comorbidity, and the association with socio-demographic factors. Method: We conducted a two-phase epidemiological study of 1,104 preschoolers aged 3 to 6 years in Catalonia, Spain. The Early Childhood Inventory–4 (ECI-4) was administered to parents and teachers. Children at risk of ADHD were assessed using open-ended face-to-face interviews and were observed in a school setting. ADHD diagnoses were based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV) criteria. Results: The prevalence of ADHD diagnosis was 5.4%. Male sex and first-born status were risk factors for ADHD. Parents reported more symptoms (12.9%) than teachers (8.7%). Behavioral problems (odds ratio [OR] = 12, p = .001), autism spectrum disorder problems (OR = 9.5, p = .001), and obsessive-compulsive problems and tics (OR = 5.9, p = .001) were specifically related to ADHD diagnosis. Mother’s health status and school achievement were lower in ADHD children. Conclusion: Even at early stages of development, ADHD has high rates of comorbidity and a significant impact on school performance and family health.

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A cross sectional study of behavioral problems of secondary school children and related socio-demographic factors

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20172483 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 2760

Author(s):

Monika S. Masare ◽

Seema S. Bansode-Gokhe ◽

R. R. Shinde ◽

R. R. Shinde

Keyword(s):

Secondary School ◽

School Children ◽

Behavioral Problems ◽

Demographic Factors ◽

Physical Growth ◽

Abnormal Behavior ◽

Behavioural Problems ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Socio Demographic Factors

Background: School-going children form an important vulnerable segment of the nation’s population. Children in the school-going age group of 5 to 16 years constitute a total of 30% of the total population. School age is a dynamic period of physical growth and development, when the child undergoes rapid mental, emotional, and social changes. Therefore, school-going children are susceptible groups for psychiatric disorders especially behavioural problems. The present research was carried out with an objective to study the behavioural problems of secondary school children and its relation to the various socio-demographic and socio-economic factors.Methods: This cross sectional observational study was conducted on 304 secondary school children studying in 8th and 9th standard in the regarding socio-demographic profile and Strength and difficulties questionnaire. The analysis was done using Microsoft Excel and SPSS software.Results: In this study, the prevalence of abnormal behavioral according to self-rated SDQ was found to be 1.6% while prevalence of borderline abnormal behavior was 11.2% and majority 87.2% of study subjects were normal having no behavioral problem. The combined borderline and abnormal behavioral problems were more prevalent in the age group of 12-13year (64.1%) and 13-14 years (30.8%), also more prevalent among girls (69.2%) compared to boys (30.8%). The prevalence of behavioral problems was higher among students studying in 9th standard (74.4%, 29/39) and studying in Hindi medium (61.5%). The incidence was found to be more in students who belongs to nuclear families (79.5%) and also was more among those who were first born compared to middle born and last born children. Majority of fathers were working as semiskilled (41.4%) and skilled (32.9%) workers, among the father’s alcohol users (45.06%) were high compared to the tobacco users (31.9%).Conclusions: Socio-demographic factors and occupation of father and alcohol consumption among them was found to be significantly associated with the behavioural problems of the study subjects.

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Prevalence of autism spectrum disorders and their relation to selected socio-demographic factors among children aged 18–30 months in northern Vietnam, 2017

International Journal of Mental Health Systems ◽

10.1186/s13033-019-0285-8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Van Minh Hoang ◽

Thi Vui Le ◽

Thi Thuy Quynh Chu ◽

Bich Ngoc Le ◽

Minh Duc Duong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽

Demographic Factors ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Northern Vietnam ◽

Spectrum Disorders ◽

Socio Demographic Factors

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Objective health literacy skills among ninth graders in Finland: outcomes from a national learning assessment

Scandinavian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/14034948211019798 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 140349482110197

Author(s):

Anna-Mari Summanen ◽

Juhani Rautopuro ◽

Lasse K. Kannas ◽

Leena T. Paakkari

Keyword(s):

Health Literacy ◽

Linear Model ◽

Educational Aspirations ◽

School Achievement ◽

Hierarchical Linear Model ◽

Demographic Factors ◽

Educational Background ◽

Ninth Graders ◽

Language Of Instruction ◽

Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Health literacy (HL) is an important determinant for maintaining and improving health throughout the lifespan. This underlines the need to monitor HL, including among adolescents, and to understand the factors explaining HL, with a view to decreasing differences in HL. The aim of this study was to objectively measure HL, and the relationship between HL and socio-demographic factors (gender, language of instruction, pupils’ educational aspirations, parents’ educational background and pupils’ school achievement) among pupils ( n = 3652) at the end of basic education in Finland. Methods: A nationally representative assessment, which included 55 items on HL, was conducted as a traditional paper-and-pencil test in schools. The data were analysed via descriptive statistics and a two-level hierarchical linear model to determine how the socio-demographic factors affected HL. Results: The pupils’ average score on the HL test items was 58.9%, indicating a satisfactory HL level. A two-level hierarchical linear model showed that the variables (gender, language of instruction, pupils’ educational aspirations, parents’ educational background and pupils’ school achievement) predicting the HL level had statistically significant effects. Conclusions: Among ninth graders (15–16 years old), almost one third of the boys and 8% of the girls exhibited an unsatisfactory HL level. The study also confirmed the importance of school-related factors in explaining HL differences. Since low HL has been linked to several unfavourable health indicators and has been viewed as an underestimated problem in times of pandemic and other health crises, the findings suggest that the HL level of Finnish ninth graders is a clear public-health issue.

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Behavioral Problems in Obsessive—Compulsive Disorder

Contemporary Psychology ◽

10.1037/001700 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

pp. 440-440

Author(s):

Hirsch Lazaar Silverman

Keyword(s):

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽

Behavioral Problems ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Compulsive Disorder

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ASSOCIATION OF SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS WITH DIARRHEA IN CHILDREN LESS THAN FIVE YEARS: A SECONDARY ANALYSIS OF MULTIPLE INDICATOR CLUSTER SURVEY SINDH 2014

Pakistan Journal of Public Health ◽

10.32413/pjph.v7i2.39 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 85-89

Author(s):

Muhammad Irfan ◽

Syed Mustansir Hussain Zaidi ◽

Hira Fatima Waseem

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Demographic Factors ◽

Wealth Index ◽

Household Wealth ◽

Cluster Survey ◽

Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Multiple Indicator ◽

Mother Education ◽

Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Diarrhea founds to be the major cause of morbidity and mortality in children less than five years. Various factors are associated with diarrhea but socio-demographic factors are the main key elements, which associated with diarrhea. Methods: This study was examined association of socio-demographic factors with diarrhea in children less than five years of age of Sindh, Pakistan, using data from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) conducted from January 2014 to August 2014. Data were collected for 18,108 children in whom 16,449 children had complete data of demographic variables being included in the analysis. Bivariate analysis was done using Pearson's Chi square test and multivariate analysis being done using binary logistic regression. Results: We found increased risk of diarrhea among children lives in rural areas while household wealth index quintile was also associated with diarrhea. Children in the poor, middle and fourth wealth index quintiles being at increased risk of diarrhea compared to children in the richest wealth index quintile. The highest risk of diarrhea was found for the child having mother with no education as well as children aged 12-23 months. Conclusion: Age of child, mother education and wealth index found significant with diarrhea while Male children, child aged 12-23 months, child with no mother education, child from rural areas and child from poor households found with high risk of diarrhea.

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