Perception of stress in cats by German cat owners and influencing factors regarding veterinary care

2021 ◽  
pp. 1098612X2110413
Author(s):  
Jessica Karn-Buehler ◽  
Franziska Kuhne
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Stressful Situation ◽  
Stress Behaviour ◽  
Stress Influences

Objectives Visiting the veterinarian is generally perceived as a stressful situation for cats. Previous studies have shown that the perception of stress may influence cats’ healthcare. In order to minimise stress in cats during the veterinary consultation, feline-friendly handling has gained importance and is increasingly being used. The aim of this study was to find out whether cats experience stress during a visit to the veterinarian (and, if so, to what extent), and which factors influence the perception of stress and whether feline-friendly handling techniques have an impact. Methods An online survey was conducted among German cat owners. In total, 889 questionnaires were evaluated. The results were analysed with binary logistic regression and a χ² test. A principal component analysis was used to detect the main influencing factors on the perception of stress. Results Most of the cats (88.7%, n = 732/825) were perceived as stressed during a veterinary consultation, while only about half of the owners (50.8%, n = 419/824) stated that they felt stressed themselves. The cat owners (n = 819) who perceived visiting the veterinarian as a stressful situation also described their cat as stressed significantly more often compared with owners who did not feel stressed (χ² = 101.113, P <0.001). The probability that owners experienced stress themselves was significantly increased if they perceived their cat to be stressed too (odds ratio 0.073, 95% confidence interval 0.016–0.328). One factor that influenced whether an owner was stressed was the stress behaviour of their cat (P <0.001). Furthermore a feline-friendly demeanour by the veterinarian led to less stress in the owners (P <0.001). Conclusions and relevance The owner’s stress influences the perception of their cat’s stress. By adhering to feline-friendly handling guidelines, veterinarians can reduce owner stress associated with veterinary visits, thereby promoting optimal veterinary care and health for their feline patients.

scholarly journals Διερεύνηση των διατροφικών προτύπων σε ένα εθνικά αντιπροσωπευτικό δείγμα ενηλίκων στην Ελλάδα και η σχέση τους με παράγοντες τρόπου ζωής και τα καρδιαγγειακά νοσήματα

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Δήμητρα Καραγεώργου
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
A Posteriori

Η διερεύνηση και αξιολόγηση των διατροφικών προτύπων αποτελεί πλέον το επίκεντρο της επιδημιολογίας της διατροφής. Τα τελευταία χρόνια, τα διατροφικά πρότυπα έχουν συσχετιστεί με πολλαπλούς δείκτες υγείας και νοσήματα και κυρίως με τα καρδιαγγειακά νοσήματα. Συγκεκριμένα, τα διατροφικά πρότυπα που προκύπτουν από την εκ των υστέρων (a posteriori)μέθοδο έχουν συσχετιστεί τόσο θετικά όσο και αρνητικά με τα καρδιαγγειακά νοσήματα. Η αξιολόγηση της σχέσης των διατροφικών προτύπων με τα καρδιαγγειακά νοσήματα στον ελληνικό πληθυσμό παραμένει ασαφής. Σκοπός: Η διερεύνηση των υποκείμενων διατροφικών προτύπων σε ένα εθνικά αντιπροσωπευτικό δείγμα ενηλίκων στην Ελλάδα και η αξιολόγηση της σχέσης τους με δημογραφικά χαρακτηριστικά, παράγοντες τρόπου ζωής, καρδιαγγειακά νοσήματα και παράγοντες κινδύνου. Μεθοδολογία: Η έρευνα στην οποία βασίστηκε η ανάλυση είναι η Πανελλαδική Μελέτη Διατροφής και Υγείας (ΠΑ.ΜΕ.Δ.Υ.), μία συγχρονική μελέτη με εθνικά αντιπροσωπευτικό δείγμα ανεξαρτήτου φύλου και ηλικιακής ομάδας. Στην ανάλυση συμπεριλήφθησαν μόνο οι ενήλικοι (≥20 ετών) συμμετέχοντες της μελέτης (N=3,552, 41.2% άνδρες; 43.7 ετών, SD: 18.1). Για την ανίχνευση και τον προσδιορισμό των διατροφικών προτύπων εφαρμόστηκε η ανάλυση κυρίων συνιστωσών (Principal Component Analysis, PCA), χρησιμοποιώντας διατροφικά δεδομένα που είχαν συλλεχθεί μέσω 24ώρης ανάκλησης. Ο χαρακτηρισμός των διατροφικών προτύπων βάσει δημογραφικών χαρακτηριστικών και τρόπου ζωής των συμμετεχόντων πραγματοποιήθηκε με ανάλυση διακύμανσης (Analysis of Variance, ANOVA) και τον έλεγχο ανεξαρτησίας χ2. Η παρουσία καρδιαγγειακών νοσημάτων και παραγόντων κινδύνου, όπως η δυσλιπιδαιμία (υψηλά επίπεδα χοληστερόλης ή/και τριγλυκεριδίων) και η υπέρταση, δηλώθηκε από τους ίδιους τους συμμετέχοντες, ενώ η κατηγοριοποίηση έγινε βάσει της Διεθνούς Στατιστικής Ταξινόμησης Νόσων και Συναφών Προβλημάτων Υγείας (Δέκατη Αναθεώρηση) του Παγκόσμιου Οργανισμού Υγείας. Ο λόγος σχετικών πιθανοτήτων (odds ratio) για τα καρδιαγγειακά νοσήματα ανά διατροφικό πρότυπο10 υπολογιστήκε με τη μέθοδο της πολλαπλής λογιστικής παλινδρόμησης (multivariable logistic regression analysis). Αποτελέσματα: Τρία κύρια διατροφικά πρότυπα ανιχνεύθηκαν στον πληθυσμό της μελέτης, τα οποία εξηγούσαν τo 16.5% της διακύμανσης: ένα Παραδοσιακό, ένα Δυτικού τύπου και ένα Συνετό πρότυπο. Το Παραδοσιακό πρότυπο είχε σημαντική θετική συσχέτιση με το ελαιόλαδο, τα μη αμυλούχα λαχανικά και το τυρί. Το Δυτικού τύπου πρότυπο είχε σημαντική θετική συσχέτιση με τα κατεργασμένα δημητριακά, το επεξεργασμένο κρέας και τα ζωικά λίπη. Το Συνετό διατροφικό πρότυπο είχε σημαντική θετική συσχέτιση με τα φρούτα, τα δημητριακά ολικής άλεσης και το γιαούρτι και σημαντική αρνητική συσχέτιση με τρόφιμα τύπου fast-food. Ένα τέταρτο πρότυπο, που ονομάστηκε Βασισμένο σε Σνακ διατροφικό πρότυπο, ανιχνεύθηκε μόνο στις γυναίκες και είχε σημαντική θετική συσχέτιση με τα γλυκά, τα αλμυρά σνακ και τους ξηρούς καρπούς. Τα διατροφικά πρότυπα συσχετίστηκαν με κοινωνικο-οικονομικά χαρακτηριστικά, όπως το επίπεδο εκπαίδευσης, καθώς και με παράγοντες τρόπου ζωής, όπως το κάπνισμα. Η υψηλή προσκόλληση στο Συνετό πρότυπο συσχετίστηκε θετικά με την πρόσληψη πρωτεΐνης και ακόρεστου λίπους και αρνητικά με την πρόσληψη ενέργειας και κορεσμένου λίπους (P≤0.05 για όλα). Αντιθέτως, τα άλλα δύο πρότυπα είχαν θετική συσχέτιση με την πρόσληψη ενέργειας, ολικού και κορεσμένου λίπους. Το Παραδοσιακό πρότυπο συσχετίστηκε επιπλέον με υψηλότερη πρόσληψη μονοακόρεστου λίπους, ενώ το Δυτικού τύπου πρότυπο με υψηλότερη πρόσληψη αλκοόλ (P≤0.001 για όλα). Η προσαρμοσμένη για φύλο και ηλικία λογιστικής παλινδρόμηση, έδειξε αρνητική συσχέτιση μεταξύ του Παραδοσιακού προτύπου και της πιθανότητας παρουσίας καρδιαγγειακών νοσημάτων (OR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.31-0.92) και θετική συσχέτιση μεταξύ του Δυτικού τύπου προτύπου και της πιθανότητας παρουσίας δυσλιπιδαιμίας (1.49; 1.08-2.05. Το Συνετό πρότυπο διατροφής δεν συσχετίστηκε σημαντικά με την πιθανότητα παρουσίας καμίας από τις υπό μελέτη εκβάσεις.Συμπεράσματα: Δεδομένα από την πρώτη εθνικά αντιπροσωπευτική μελέτη στην Ελλάδα, έδειξαν σημαντικές συσχετίσεις μεταξύ των διατροφικών προτύπων και της παρουσίας καρδιαγγειακών νοσημάτων στον ενήλικο πληθυσμό της χώρας. Τα αποτελέσματα αυτά είναι ιδιαίτερης σημασίας11 για την κατανόηση των διατροφικών συνηθειών στην Ελλάδα και τον σχεδιασμό στοχευμένων πολιτικών δημόσιας υγείας για την προαγωγή της υγιούς διατροφικής συμπεριφοράς.

Evaluating the implementation potential of a transcultural tool for Tamil migrants with gestational diabetes mellitus living in Switzerland

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Private Practices ◽  
Populations At Risk ◽  
Management Procedures

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus is a condition that affects many pregnancies and ethnicity appears to be a risk factor. Data indicate that approximately 18% of Tamil women are diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus. Today, approximately 50,000 of Tamils live in Switzerland. To date, there is no official tool available in Switzerland that considers the eating and physical activity habits of this migrant Tamil population living in Switzerland, while offering a quick overview of gestational diabetes mellitus and standard dietetics management procedures. The NutriGeD project led by Bern University of Applied Sciences in Switzerland aimed at closing this gap. The aim of this present study was to evaluate the implementation potential of the tools developed in the project NutriGeD for dietetic counseling before their wide scale launch in Swiss hospitals, clinics and private practices. Method: An online survey was developed and distributed to 50 recruited healthcare professionals working in the German speaking region of Switzerland from October – December 2016 (31% response rate). The transcultural tools were sent to participants together with the link to the online survey. The evaluation outcome was analysed using binary logistic regression and cross tabulation analysis with IBM SPSS version 24.0, 2016. Results: 94% (N=47) respondents believed that the transcultural tools had good potential for implementation in hospitals and private practices in Switzerland. A binary logistic regression analysis revealed that the age of participants had a good correlation (42.1%) on recommending the implementation potential of the transcultural tool. The participants with age group 34- 54 years old where the highest group to recommend the implementation potential of the transcultural tool and this was found to be statistically significant (p=0.05). 74% (34 out of 50) of the respondents clearly acknowledged the need for transcultural competence knowledge in healthcare practices. 80% (N =40) of the respondents agreed that the information presented in the counseling display folder was important and helpful while 60% (N= 30) agreed to the contents being clinically applicable. 90% (N=45) participants recommended the availability of the evaluated transcultural tools in healthcare settings in Switzerland. Conclusion: The availability in healthcare practice of the evaluated transcultural tools was greatly encouraged by the Swiss healthcare practitioners participating in the survey. While they confirmed the need for these transcultural tools, feed-backs for minor adjustments were given to finalize the tools before their official launch in practice. The developed materials will be made available for clinical visits, in both hospitals and private practices in Switzerland. The Migmapp© transcultural tool can serve as a good approach in assisting healthcare professionals in all fields, especially professionals who practice in areas associated with diet - related diseases or disorders associated with populations at risk.

scholarly journals Facets of the psychotherapy relationship: a metaphorical approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Řiháček ◽  
Jan Roubal ◽  
Katarína Motalová
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Working Alliance ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Theoretical Orientation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
General Sense ◽  
Theoretical Orientations ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Psychotherapy Relationship

Although many separate aspects of the psychotherapy relationship have been studied, including empathy, working alliance, and self-disclosure, a metaphorical approach has the potential to generate a more holistic perspective of this phenomenon. Hence, the goal of this study was to explore the nature of the psychotherapy relationship from the psychotherapists’ perspective using a metaphorical approach. In an online survey, a sample of N=373 Czech psychotherapists and counselors rated a set of relational metaphors in terms of how accurately they depicted their roles in their relationships with their clients. The single most endorsed metaphor for the practitioner’s role was a guide. Furthermore, the principal component analysis identified three relational components, namely, Mentor, Resource Supplier, and Remedy Distributor. The associations among these components and multiple practitioners’ variables, including demographic and practice-related variables and theoretical orientation, were explored. These three components represent general dimensions of the psychotherapy relationship that cut across various theoretical orientations and, thus, define psychotherapy relationships in a general sense.

scholarly journals Community event sustainability: why don’t people volunteer?

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-167
Author(s):  
R.J. Hallett ◽  
N.K. Mullan ◽  
A.E. Tideswell ◽  
S.J. Haake ◽  
M. Graney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Volunteer Recruitment ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

Every Saturday, thousands of runners worldwide participate in parkrun ‐ a free five-kilometre run/walk event. Delivery relies on volunteers, and parkrunners are encouraged to volunteer regularly. However, volunteer recruitment is often difficult, and this study aimed to investigate the underpinning reasons for this. Data were collected from 6,749 parkrunners using an online survey, including 860 who had never volunteered. In addition to demographic information and views on incentives, non-volunteers were asked to rate agreement level for 18 statements about not volunteering. Main reasons were preferring to run or walk and not having got round to it. Principal component analysis indicated four underlying factors: inertia, self-interest, lack of knowledge and anxiety. Non-volunteers were younger, slower runners and walkers, less frequent parkrun attendees and had become involved more recently than volunteers. Ease of signing up to volunteer and being unsure of the commitment required were barriers. It is recommended that these two issues are addressed to help volunteer recruitment.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Unbound Bilirubin Levels and Acute Bilirubin Encephalopathy in Exchange Transfusion Neonates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiyi Ding ◽  
Shuo Wang ◽  
Rui Guo ◽  
Aizhen Zhang ◽  
Yufang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Exchange Transfusion ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
P Value ◽  
Bilirubin Encephalopathy ◽  
Unbound Bilirubin ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract BACKGROUND: Evidence regarding the relationship between unbound bilirubin levels and acute bilirubin encephalopathy was limited. Therefore, this study set out to investigate whether the unbound bilirubin level was independently related to acute bilirubin encephalopathy in children who underwent exchange transfusion after adjusting for other covariates. METHODS: A total of 46 neonates who underwent exchange transfusion were involved in The First People's Hospital Of Changde City in China from 2016-1-1 to 2018-12-31. The target independent variable and the dependent variable were unbound bilirubin levels measured at baseline and acute bilirubin encephalopathy respectively. Covariates involved in this study included sex, age, birth weight, blood glucose, red blood cell, hemolysis, receive phototherapy before exchange transfusion. RESULTS: The average gestational age of 46 selected participants was 38.6 ± 1.3 weeks old, the average age was 146.5 ± 86.9 hours old, 52.17% of them were male. Result of fully-adjusted binary logistic regression showed unbound bilirubin levels were positively associated with risk of acute bilirubin encephalopathy after adjusting confounders (Odds ratio = 1.41, 95% confidence intervals 1.05-1.91, P value <0.05). CONCLUSION: Unbound bilirubin levels are associated with neonatal acute bilirubin encephalopathy. The mechanism of unbound bilirubin levels leading to neonatal acute bilirubin encephalopathy needs to be further explored.

Die Flexion der Indefinita jemand und niemand

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-243
Author(s):  
Linnéa Weitkamp
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Corpus Study ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Current Variation ◽  
Reference Corpus

Abstract This article investigates the inflection of the German indefinite pronouns jemand and niemand in the accusative and dative. The pronouns are used both with inflectional suffix (jemanden/jemandem, niemanden/niemandem) and without (jemand, niemand) and are thus an example of current variation in contemporary German. The grammars take an unusually liberal stance and describe both forms as correct, partially even with preference to the uninflected form. A corpus study which examines conceptually written data of the DeReKo (German reference corpus) and conceptually oral data of the DECOW16B (German web corpus), shows that over 90 % of occurrences are inflected. But almost 10 % of uninflected forms show that these formations are no arbitrary errors either. To find out what influences the presence or absence of the inflectional ending, a binary logistic regression model was calculated. The following factors proved to be significant influencing factors for inflection: the degree of formality (DeReKo vs. DECOW16B), the lexeme (jemand vs. niemand), the case (acc vs. dat), government by preposition vs. government by verb and the following nominalized adjective (jemand anderen). With regard to the different inflectional suffixes, the frequent use of -en in the dative stood out in particular. Although this form is classified as erroneous in all grammars, almost 30 % of the dative occurrences in informal DECOW16B data are formed in this way.

scholarly journals Elevated Level of Plasma B-Type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) as a Prognostic Marker in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Dilshad Parvin ◽  
Md Nasir Uddin ◽  
Md Shahjahn Kabir ◽  
Afsana Ahmed ◽  
SM Rahat Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Prognostic Indicator ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Age Range

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS), a life-threatening manifestation of coronary artery disease, ranges from unstable angina (UA) to acute myocardial infarction (AMI). To reduce the morbidity and mortality resulting from acute coronary syndrome, we should have to find out some predictor or prognostic indicator. A prognostic indicator should be available at the time of initial patient’s evaluation, in order to maximize the potential benefits of early risk assessment. This study designed to evaluate plasma BNP as a prognostic tool in patients with acute coronary syndrome. A prognostic cohort study was carried out with 90 (ninety) acute coronary syndrome patients on the basis of their clinical and laboratory criteria with age range of 30 to 90 years in the department of biochemistry, BSMMU, in collaboration with department of cardiology, NICVD, BSMMU and BIRDEM. Plasma BNP concentrations were measured on enrollment and then grouping of the study subjects were done on the basis of their empirical cut off value of plasma BNP concentration. All the patients were free from heart failure, renal disease, thyroid disease and hepatic disorder. Main outcomes were mortality, morbidity and survival after hospital discharge with or without any disability. All the subjects were categorized into two and to see the significance between two groups in relation to age and sex Unpaired –t test and Chi square test were done. Finally, Binary logistic regression was done. Among 90 acute coronary syndromes patients, there were 74(82.2%) male and 16(17.8%) female with mean age of the study population 51.8 years and the age range of 30 t0 90 years. Among enrolled patients, 24 (26.7%) were NSTEMI and 66 (73.3%) were STEMI that includes 29 (32.2%) anterior MI, 21 (23.3%) inferior MI, 16 (17.8%) other varieties of MI. All the study subjects were grouped into two on the basis of empirical cut off value of plasma BNP 640pg/ml on enrollment. Group I with plasma BNP level less than 640pg/ml includes 57 (63.3%) subjects and group II with plasma BNP more than 640pg/ml includes 33 (36.7%) subjects. Among group I (n=57) good recovery, morbidity and mortality found to be in 41(71.9%), 15(26.3%) and 1(1.8%) patients and those in group II (n=33) found in 6(18.2%), 19(57.6%) and 8(24.2%) patients respectively. Keeping the group I in reference category binary logistic regression analysis done, showing odds ratio 11.5 with p- value 0.000. The odds ratio 11.5 indicates that there is 11.5 times higher chance of getting bad outcome in ACS patients having higher plasma BNP concentrations. Bangladesh Med J. 2017 May; 46 (2): 32-37

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