Retinal vascular geometry detection as a biomarker in diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110334
Author(s):  
Meng Li ◽  
Gengyuan Wang ◽  
Honghui Xia ◽  
Ziqing Feng ◽  
Peng Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Generative Adversarial Network ◽  
Vascular Geometry ◽  
Fundus Photographs ◽  
Retinal Vascular Geometry

Objective: To compare the vessel geometry characteristics of color fundus photographs in normal control and diabetes mellitus (DM) patients and to find potential biomarkers for early diabetic retinopathy (DR) based on a neural network vessel segmentation system and automated vascular geometry parameter analysis software. Methods: A total of 102 consecutive patients with type 2 DM (T2DM) and 132 healthy controls were recruited. All participants underwent general ophthalmic examinations, and retinal fundus photographs were taken with a digital fundus camera without mydriasis. Color fundus photographs were input into a dense-block generative adversarial network (D-GAN)-assisted retinal vascular segmentation system ( http://www.gdcerc.cn:8081/#/login ) to obtain binary images. These images were then analyzed by customized software (ocular microvascular analysis system V2.9.1) for automatic processing of vessel geometry parameters, including the monofractal dimension ( Dbox), multifractal dimension ( D0), vessel area ratio ( R), max vessel diameter ( dmax), average vessel diameter ( dave), arc–chord ratio (A/C), and tortuosity (τn). Geometric differences between the healthy subjects and DM patients were analyzed. Then, regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the vascular geometry parameters. Results: No significant differences were observed between the baseline characteristics of each group. DM patients had lower Dbox and D0 values (1.330 ± 0.041; 1.347 ± 0.038) than healthy subjects (1.343 ± 0.048, p < 0.05; 1.362 ± 0.042, p < 0.05) and showed increasing values of dmax, dave, A/C, and τn compared with normal controls, although only the differences in dave and τn between the groups were statistically significant. In the regression analysis, dave and τn showed a good correlation with diabetes ( dave, OR 1.765, 95% CI 1.319–2.362, p < 0.001; τn, OR 9.323, 95% CI 1.492–58.262, p < 0.05). Conclusions: We demonstrated the relationship between retinal vascular geometry and the process in DM patients, showing that Dbox, D0, dave, and τn may be indicators of morphological changes in retinal vessels in DM patients and can be early biomarkers of DR.

scholarly journals Macular Vascular Geometry Changes With Sex and Age in Healthy Subjects: A Fundus Photography Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziqing Feng ◽  
Gengyuan Wang ◽  
Honghui Xia ◽  
Meng Li ◽  
Guoxia Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fundus Photography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Vascular Geometry

Purpose: To characterize the sex- and age-related alterations of the macular vascular geometry in a population of healthy eyes using fundus photography.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 610 eyes from 305 healthy subjects (136 men, 169 women) who underwent fundus photography examination and was divided into four age groups (G1 with age ≤ 25 years, G2 with age 26–35 years, G3 with age 36–45 years, and G4 with age ≥ 46 years). A self-developed automated retinal vasculature analysis system allowed segmentation and separate multiparametric quantification of the macular vascular network according to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS). Vessel fractal dimension (Df), vessel area rate (VAR), average vessel diameter (Dm), and vessel tortuosity (τn) were acquired and compared between sex and age groups.Results: There was no significant difference between the mean age of male and female subjects (32.706 ± 10.372 and 33.494 ± 10.620, respectively, p &gt; 0.05) and the mean age of both sexes in each age group (p &gt; 0.05). The Df, VAR, and Dm of the inner ring, the Df of the outer ring, and the Df and VAR of the whole macula were significantly greater in men than women (p &lt; 0.001, p &lt; 0.001, p &lt; 0.05, respectively). There was no significant change of τn between males and females (p &gt; 0.05). The Df, VAR, and Dm of the whole macula, the inner and outer rings associated negatively with age (p &lt; 0.001), whereas the τn showed no significant association with age (p &gt; 0.05). Comparison between age groups observed that Df started to decrease from G2 compared with G1 in the inner ring (p &lt; 0.05) and Df, VAR, and Dm all decreased from G3 compared with the younger groups in the whole macula, inner and outer rings (p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: In the healthy subjects, macular vascular geometric parameters obtained from fundus photography showed that Df, VAR, and Dm are related to sex and age while τn is not. The baseline values of the macular vascular geometry were also acquired for both sexes and all age groups.

Insulin Resistance Impairs Cognitive Performance Even in Healthy Subjects at Risk for Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1830-P ◽  
Author(s):  
GIAN PIO SORICE ◽  
ILARIA IMPROTA ◽  
TERESA MEZZA ◽  
SARA GRIONI ◽  
GIOVANNA MASONE IACOBUCCI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Healthy Subjects

scholarly journals Detailed Morphological Changes of Foveoschisis in Patient with X-Linked Retinoschisis Detected by SD-OCT and Adaptive Optics Fundus Camera

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Keiichiro Akeo ◽  
Shuhei Kameya ◽  
Kiyoko Gocho ◽  
Daiki Kubota ◽  
Kunihiko Yamaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Optics ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Fundus Photography ◽  
Foveal Thickness ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Fundus Camera ◽  
Fundus Photographs ◽  
Topical Dorzolamide ◽  
Retinal Folds ◽  
Sd Oct

Purpose. To report the morphological and functional changes associated with a regression of foveoschisis in a patient with X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS).Methods. A 42-year-old man with XLRS underwent genetic analysis and detailed ophthalmic examinations. Functional assessments included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), full-field electroretinograms (ERGs), and multifocal ERGs (mfERGs). Morphological assessments included fundus photography, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and adaptive optics (AO) fundus imaging. After the baseline clinical data were obtained, topical dorzolamide was applied to the patient. The patient was followed for 24 months.Results. A reportedRS1gene mutation was found (P203L) in the patient. At the baseline, his decimal BCVA was 0.15 in the right and 0.3 in the left eye. Fundus photographs showed bilateral spoke wheel-appearing maculopathy. SD-OCT confirmed the foveoschisis in the left eye. The AO images of the left eye showed spoke wheel retinal folds, and the folds were thinner than those in fundus photographs. During the follow-up period, the foveal thickness in the SD-OCT images and the number of retinal folds in the AO images were reduced.Conclusions. We have presented the detailed morphological changes of foveoschisis in a patient with XLRS detected by SD-OCT and AO fundus camera. However, the findings do not indicate whether the changes were influenced by topical dorzolamide or the natural history.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF NEPHRIN AND PODOCIN LEVELS IN THE URINE OF PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
I. N. Bobkova ◽  
A. A. Shchukina ◽  
M. V. Shestakova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Early Diagnostics ◽  
Urinary Levels ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Early Diabetic Nephropathy

THE AIM:to assess excretion value of podocytes injury biomarkers in urine and to clarify their significance for early diabetic nephropathy (DN) diagnostics in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with different severity of albuminuria (AU)/proteinuria(PU).PATIENTS AND METHODS.74 DM pts were studied, including 30 with type1 DM (T1DM) and 44 pts with type2 DM (T2DM). They were divided into three groups: 41 pts with AU <30 mg/gCr (A1), 13 pts with AU 30-300 mg/gCr (A2), 20 pts with PU (A3). CKD S1 was revealed in 41pts, CKD S2 – in 25 pts, CKD S3 – in 8 pts. Arterial hypertension was observed in 52 pts of 74(70%), mainly in T2DM. 10 healthy subjects were studied as control. Urinary levels of nephrin and podocin (an important slit diaphragm proteins) were measured by ELISA.RESULTS.Nephrinuria (NU) >5,84ng/ml/g, which not detecting in controls, was revealed in 63% of A1 pts, in 77% – in A2, in 80% – in A3. Podocinuria (PdU)>1,73ng/ml/g was revealed in 78% of A1 pts, in 54% of A2 and in 83% – A3. NU in pts with PU was significantly higher than in AU<30 mg/g. PDU in groups with different AU/PU was equally high and has no differ between DM types. Direct correlation was obtained between NU and AU (R=0,947 p<0,05). NU and PdU in T1DM correlated directly with serum creatinine (R=0,489 p<0,05 and R=0,468 p<0,05) and indirectly with GFR (R=-0,461 p<0,05 and R=-0,36 р<0,05). In DM duration less than 5 years NU directly correlated with НbА1с level, in T2DM – indirectly with systolic blood pressure.CONCLUSON. Nephrin and podocin levels can be useful for early diagnostics and monitoring of DN. 

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