scholarly journals Rapid deterioration of diabetes mellitus with morphological changes to the pancreas

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. e238878
Author(s):  
Naoki Yamamoto ◽  
Akihiro Dejima
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Rapid Deterioration

Retinal vascular geometry detection as a biomarker in diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110334
Author(s):  
Meng Li ◽  
Gengyuan Wang ◽  
Honghui Xia ◽  
Ziqing Feng ◽  
Peng Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Generative Adversarial Network ◽  
Vascular Geometry ◽  
Fundus Photographs ◽  
Retinal Vascular Geometry

Objective: To compare the vessel geometry characteristics of color fundus photographs in normal control and diabetes mellitus (DM) patients and to find potential biomarkers for early diabetic retinopathy (DR) based on a neural network vessel segmentation system and automated vascular geometry parameter analysis software. Methods: A total of 102 consecutive patients with type 2 DM (T2DM) and 132 healthy controls were recruited. All participants underwent general ophthalmic examinations, and retinal fundus photographs were taken with a digital fundus camera without mydriasis. Color fundus photographs were input into a dense-block generative adversarial network (D-GAN)-assisted retinal vascular segmentation system ( http://www.gdcerc.cn:8081/#/login ) to obtain binary images. These images were then analyzed by customized software (ocular microvascular analysis system V2.9.1) for automatic processing of vessel geometry parameters, including the monofractal dimension ( Dbox), multifractal dimension ( D0), vessel area ratio ( R), max vessel diameter ( dmax), average vessel diameter ( dave), arc–chord ratio (A/C), and tortuosity (τn). Geometric differences between the healthy subjects and DM patients were analyzed. Then, regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the vascular geometry parameters. Results: No significant differences were observed between the baseline characteristics of each group. DM patients had lower Dbox and D0 values (1.330 ± 0.041; 1.347 ± 0.038) than healthy subjects (1.343 ± 0.048, p < 0.05; 1.362 ± 0.042, p < 0.05) and showed increasing values of dmax, dave, A/C, and τn compared with normal controls, although only the differences in dave and τn between the groups were statistically significant. In the regression analysis, dave and τn showed a good correlation with diabetes ( dave, OR 1.765, 95% CI 1.319–2.362, p < 0.001; τn, OR 9.323, 95% CI 1.492–58.262, p < 0.05). Conclusions: We demonstrated the relationship between retinal vascular geometry and the process in DM patients, showing that Dbox, D0, dave, and τn may be indicators of morphological changes in retinal vessels in DM patients and can be early biomarkers of DR.

scholarly journals Diabetic Fetopathy As an Outcome of Manifest Diabetes Mellitus First Detected During Pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (26) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
M.I. Sviridova ◽  
◽  
N.M. Startsevа ◽  
N.P. Romm ◽  
O.A. Ulyanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Heart Hypertrophy ◽  
Endocrine Diseases ◽  
High Risk Factors ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Left And Right

The article presents a clinical case of diabetic fetopathy in a newborn from a mother with diabetes mellitus, which manifested itself not only by phenotypic disorders, but also by morphological changes in the heart – hypertrophy of the left and right ventricles with obstruction of the outflow parts of the heart, the development of respiratory, heart failure, and neurological disorders. Disorder of carbohydrate metabolism in a patient with high risk factors for metabolic disorders, which was not detected in time, and the refusal of the necessary treatment led to the need to treat the newborn in the intensive care unit. The frequency of occurrence of diabetic fetopathy in different types of diabetes mellitus was shown on the basis of data from the Center for Endocrine Diseases of Pregnant Women on the basis of GKB No. 29

scholarly journals The influence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and gestational hypertension (GH) on placental morphological changes

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-384
Author(s):  
Anca-Maria Istrate-Ofiţeru ◽  
Costin Berceanu ◽  
Sabina Berceanu ◽  
Cristina Jana Busuioc ◽  
Gabriela-Camelia Roşu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Morphological Changes

scholarly journals Effect of long-term hyperglycemia on cornea and retina morphology in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
А.А. Панов ◽  
Е.М. Ржавина ◽  
М.П. Морозова ◽  
А.К. Ердяков ◽  
С.А. Гаврилова
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Ketone Bodies ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Central Retina ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

Цель исследования - изучение динамики морфологических изменений роговицы и заднего отдела глаза крыс при длительной гипергликемии. Методика. Исследование выполнено на 36 самцах крыс Wistar. Сахарный диабет индуцировали внутрибрюшинной инъекцией стрептозотоцина (65 мг/кг), после чего ежедневно вводили подкожно малые дозы инсулина (2 ЕД/кг). На 50-е, 58-е и 66-е сут эксперимента производили энуклеацию глаз у глубоко наркотизированных животных. Гистологические срезы фрагментов глаз окрашивали гематоксилин-эозином, проводили морфометрию параметров роговицы и сетчатки. Результаты. Средняя концентрация глюкозы и кетоновых тел крови в группе сахарного диабета составила 29,8 ммоль/л и 0,889 ммоль/л, в контрольной группе - 6,2 ммоль/л и 0,847 ммоль/л соответственно. Анализ гистологических срезов глаз выявил признаки отека роговицы, хориоидеи и наружных слоев центральных отделов сетчатки до появления других качественных и количественных морфологических изменений. Заключение. Оценка толщины роговицы, хориоидеи и наружных слоев центральных отделов сетчатки может служить предиктором развития диабетической ретинопатии. The aim was to study morphological changes in the cornea and the posterior part of rat eye during prolonged hyperglycemia. Methods. The study was performed on 36 Wistar male rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced by an injection of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg, i.p.) followed by daily injections of low doses of insulin (2 U/kg, s.c.). Eyes were enucleated from deeply anesthetized rats on days 50, 58, and 66 of the experiment. Histologic sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and morphometry of the cornea and the retina was performed. Results. Mean blood concentrations of glucose and ketone bodies were 29.8 mmol/L and 0.889 mmol/L, respectively, in the diabetic group and 6.2 mmol/L and 0.847 mmol/L, respectively, in the control group. The histological analysis revealed signs of edema in the cornea, choroid and outer layers of the central retina, which preceded other morphological changes. Conclusion. Evaluating thickness of the cornea, choroid and outer layers of the central retina may serve for prediction of diabetic retinopathy.

As for clinical classification of diabetic retinopathy (review)

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
K.N. Akhtyamov ◽  
◽  
M.R. Kalanov ◽  
R.M. Zainullin ◽  
T.A. Khalimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Clinical Classification ◽  
Lively Discussion ◽  
Optimal Classification ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Combined Interventions

Currently no unified generally accepted classification of intraocular changes due to diabetes mellitus (DM), in particular, diabetic retinopathy (DR). The methodological heterogeneity of the existing classifications is largely due to the different directions of their application. Some classifications are optimal for the choice of surgical treatment tactics, others - for laser and / or combined interventions. Obviously, the valuation of any classification lies in the completeness whole palette of available clinical and morphological changes considering staging pathogenetic process. Therefore, the search for optimal classification of DR that meets current possibilities of treating vitreoretinal pathology is the subject of a lively discussion. Key words: classifications, diabetic retinopathy, advantages and limitations.

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