scholarly journals The Association Between Dietary Habits and Other Lifestyle Indicators and Dysglycemia in Saudi Adults Free of Previous Diagnosis of Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117863882096525
Author(s):  
Hanan Jambi ◽  
Sumia Enani ◽  
Manal Malibary ◽  
Suhad Bahijri ◽  
Basmah Eldakhakhny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Dietary Practices ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Previous Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Objective: Study the association of dietary habits and other indicators of lifestyle with dysglycemia in Saudi adults. Methods: In a cross-sectional design, data were obtained from 1403 Saudi adults (⩾20 years), not previously diagnosed with diabetes. Demographics, lifestyle variables and dietary habits were obtained using a predesigned questionnaire. Fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin and 1-hour oral glucose tolerance test were used to identify dysglycemia. Regression analysis was performed to determine the associations of dietary factors and other indicators of lifestyle with dysglycemia. Results: A total 1075 adults (596 men, and 479 women) had normoglycemia, and 328 (195 men, and 133 women) had dysglycemia. Following adjustment for age, BMI and waist circumference, in men the weekly intake of 5 portions or more of red meat and Turkish coffee were associated with decreased odds of having dysglycemia odds ratio (OR) 0.444 (95% CI: 0.223, 0.881; P = .02) and 0.387 (95% CI: 0.202, 0.74; P = .004), respectively. In women, the intake of fresh juice 1 to 4 portions per week and 5 portions or more were associated with OR 0.603 (95% CI: 0.369, 0.985; P = .043) and OR 0.511 (95% CI: 0.279, 0.935; P = .029) decreased odds of having dysglycemia, respectively compared with women who did not drink fresh juice. The intake of 5 times or more per week of hibiscus drink was associated with increased odds of having dysglycemia, OR 5.551 (95% CI: 1.576, 19.55, P = .008) compared with women not using such a drink. Other lifestyle factors were not associated with dysglycemia. Conclusion: Dietary practices by studied Saudis have some impact on risk of dysglycemia, with obvious sex differences.

scholarly journals Metabolic phenotype in Darier disease: a cross-sectional clinical study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara Ahanian ◽  
Philip Curman ◽  
Ivone U. S. Leong ◽  
Kerstin Brismar ◽  
Etty Bachar-Wikstrom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Human data supporting a role for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and calcium dyshomeostasis in diabetes is scarce. Darier disease (DD) is a hereditary skin disease caused by mutations in the ATP2A2 gene encoding the sarcoendoplasmic-reticulum ATPase 2 (SERCA2) calcium pump, which causes calcium dyshomeostasis and ER stress. We hypothesize that DD patients have a diabetes-like metabolic phenotype and the objective of this study was to examine the association between DD with impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes. Methods Cross-sectional clinical study on 25 DD patients and 25 matched controls. Metabolic status was assessed primarily by fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance test, HOMA2-%S (insulin resistence) and HOMA2-%B (beta cell function). Results DD subjects showed normal oral glucose tolerance test and HOMA2-%S, while fasting blood glucose was lower and c-peptide as well as HOMA2-%B was higher. Conclusion Increased HOMA2-%B values are indicative of increased basal insulin secretion which is a type of beta cell dysfunction associated to diabetes development. These results supports a role of ER stress in diabetes pathophysiology and contribute to the understanding of DD as a multi-organ syndrome.

Diagnosis of cystic fibrosis-related glucose abnormalities: Can we shorten the standard oral glucose tolerance test?

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 1254-1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adèle Coriati ◽  
Belinda Elisha ◽  
Sandrine Virassamynaik ◽  
Maude Phaneuf ◽  
Sophie Ziai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diagnostic Values

Adult patients with cystic fibrosis (APCF) are at high risk of developing impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and CF-related diabetes (CFRD) and thus an annual screening with a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is recommended. This population would greatly benefit from a simplified and harmless alternative to the standard OGTT. Thus, we aimed to compare the diagnostic values of HbA1c and glycemias at interval time points during the 2-h OGTT for IGT and CFRD detection in APCF. To do so, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 194 APCF with normal fasting plasma glucose values (≤7.0 mmol·L−1) who underwent a 2-h OGTT. Receivers operating characteristic area under the curves (ROC-AUC) were analyzed to assess the diagnostic value of HbA1c and intermediate OGTT glycemias using 2-h OGTT glycemia as reference. For both IGT and CFRD diagnoses, ROC-AUC values obtained from glycemia at 90 min were significantly higher than HbA1c and remaining intermediate glycemias (p < 0.001). The best 90-min OGTT cut-off values for these diagnoses were >9.3 mmol·L−1 (IGT) and ≥11.5 mmol·L−1 (CFRD). A 90-min OGTT glycemia might be a simplified alternative to 2-h OGTT glycemia for earlier glucose tolerance abnormalities diagnosis in APCF. This finding should be confirmed in other APCF cohorts and its predictive value should be established prospectively.

scholarly journals Nutrient intakes and dysglycaemia in populations of West African origin

2011 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon G. Anderson ◽  
Novie Younger ◽  
Adrian H. Heald ◽  
Marshall K. Tulloch-Reid ◽  
Wiyumile P. Simukonda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
African Origin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Examining the relationship between glucose intolerance and dietary intake in genetically similar populations with different dietary patterns and rates of type 2 diabetes may provide important insights into the role of diet in the pathogenesis of this disease. The objective of the present study was to assess the relationship between dietary variables and dysglycaemia/type 2 diabetes among three populations of African origin. The study design consists of a cross-sectional study of men and women of African descent aged 24–74 years from Cameroon (n 1790), Jamaica (n 857) and Manchester, UK (n 258) who were not known to have diabetes. Each participant had anthropometric measurements and underwent a 2 h 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. Habitual dietary intake was estimated with quantitative FFQ, developed specifically for each country. The age-adjusted prevalence of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes in Cameroon was low (1·1 %), but it was higher in Jamaica (11·6 %) and the UK (12·6 %). Adjusted generalised linear and latent mixed models used to obtain OR indicated that each 1·0 % increment in energy from protein, total fat and saturated fats significantly increased the odds of type 2 diabetes by 9 (95 % CI 1·02, 1·16) %, 5 (95 % CI, 1·01, 1·08) % and 16 (95 % CI 1·08, 1·25) %, respectively. A 1 % increase in energy from carbohydrates and a 0·1 unit increment in the PUFA:SFA ratio were associated with significantly reduced odds of type 2 diabetes. The results show independent effects of dietary factors on hyperglycaemia in African origin populations. Whether modifying intake of specific macronutrients helps diabetes prevention needs testing in randomised trials.

Fine-Mapping of Xq25.1–27.2 Shows Association of Early Childhood Caries with Genetic Variants Depending on Dietary Habits, Protecting Children Who Drink Milk before Going to Bed

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zerrin Abbasoğlu ◽  
Diego G. Bussaneli ◽  
İlknur Tanboğa ◽  
Indiara W. Henn ◽  
Adriana Modesto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Chromosome Region ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Childhood Caries

Early childhood caries (ECC) is a chronic, infectious disease that affects the primary dentition of young children. It is the result of unequal contributions of risk factors and protective factors that influence the disease. The aim of this study was to assess if the X chromosome region previously linked to caries was associated with ECC. Two hundred and fifty-nine unrelated children with no chronic illnesses from 2 to 5 years of age who had no systemic fluoride consumption were evaluated using a cross-sectional design. Data on oral habits were obtained through a questionnaire, and caries experience data were collected by clinical examination. Twenty-three markers in ten genes were studied. Genotyping of the selected polymorphisms was carried out by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Regression analyses were performed comparing individuals with and without caries experience. Of 259 subjects, 123 were caries free. The markers in Xq25.1–27.2 were associated with ECC when children were using milk bottle for longer times (p = 0.01) and had more snacks over the course of a day (p = 0.05). Conversely, the markers in the X chromosome studied here were protective for ECC (p = 0.008) in children consuming milk before going to sleep. The genes located in the X chromosome possibly contribute to ECC and have an impact on ECC depending on the dietary habits.

scholarly journals Glucoregulation in normal weight schizophrenia patients treated by first generation antipsychotics

2008 ◽  
Vol 136 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 110-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadja Maric ◽  
Mirjana Doknic ◽  
Aleksandar Damjanovic ◽  
Sandra Pekic ◽  
Miroslava Jasovic-Gasic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
Insulin Levels

Introduction Schizophrenia patients are at greater risk of obesity, diabetes mellitus (DM), lipid abnormalities and cardiovascular disorders. The metabolic complications in patients are associated with several risk factors: family history of DM, lifestyle, smoking, dietary habits, physical inactivity, but also with antipsychotic medication. In literature, most publications have been focused on the effects of the second generation antipsychotics (SGA) on glucose metabolism. However, less attention has been paid to abnormality in glucoregulation, patients with schizophrenia treated with the first generation antipsychotics (FGA). Objective The present study evaluated glucose metabolism in normal weight schizophrenia patients treated with FGA. METHOD The cross-sectional study included 18 patients (FGA treated) and 20 healthy controls with neither group differences in sex distribution, age, nor in BMI. Inclusion criteria were normal BMI (20-25 kg/m2). The glucose levels, insulin levels and growth hormone levels during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were measured. Results Fasting glucose and insulin levels did not differ significantly between groups. Groups differed in OGTT glucose and insulin peak and area under curve (AUC), level of significance p<0.05 (patients vs. controls: glucose peak 8.3?0.4 vs.6.9?0.5 mmol/l, glucose AUC 758?28 vs. 640?36 mU/l/120 min; insulin peak in patients 92.7?15.6 mU/l; insulin AUC 6060?1016 mU/l/120 min, insulin peak in controls 47.9?6.5 mU/l; insulin AUC 2597?256 mU/l/120 min). Conclusion Patients with schizophrenia, although with normal body mass index, are at high risk of abnormal glucose regulation. Not only SGA increase the risk of impaired glucoregulation and metabolic syndrome, but this may also be due to FGA or schizophrenia per se. .

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