scholarly journals A Survey of 24,000 Students Aged 13–15 Years in India: Global Youth Tobacco Survey 2006 and 2009

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1179173X1000300 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Gajalakshmi ◽  
C.V. Kanimozhi
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Global Youth Tobacco Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Year ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Company Representative ◽  
Never Smokers

Background Students aged 13–15 years in Grades 8–10 have been surveyed in the year 2006 and in 2009 to monitor the prevalences of smoking and smokeless tobacco use and to assess their attitudes, knowledge and behaviors towards tobacco use and its health impact. Methods The Global Youth Tobacco Survey is a cross sectional survey that uses a two-stage cluster sample design to get a representative sample of schools and students for the study. In India, a total of 12 086 students in the year 2006 and 11 768 in 2009 were surveyed. Results About 14% (13.7% in 2006 and 14.6% in 2009) of students use tobacco (smoking/smokeless tobacco). The prevalence of smoking among boys is about three times that of girls in both the surveys. The prevalence of smokeless tobacco among girls is twice that of smoking tobacco in both the surveys. In the 2009 survey comparing with the 2006, the percentage of students who initiated bidi smoking before 10 years of age is significantly higher in boys (2006: 26.0% and 2009:45.4%); the percentage of never smokers likely to initiate smoking in the following year is significantly lower in girls (2006: 16.0% and 2009: 10.8%); the percentage of students exposed to smoke from parents is significantly lower (2006: Boys-38.3%, Girls-30.7% and 2009: Boys-29.3%, Girls-22.4%); the percentage of students who reported that they were taught about the dangers of smoking during the school year is higher; and, ever smokers received help or advice to help stop smoking is significantly higher (2009: 19.5% and 2006: 4.4%). The percentage of students who saw any advertisements for tobacco, the percentage of students offered free cigarettes by a cigarette company representative or their access/availability to smoking tobacco and the changes observed in the prevalences of tobacco use among students in 2009 is not significantly different from 2006. Conclusions No significant difference is seen in the prevalence of tobacco use among students between the 2006 and 2009 surveys. The percentage of boys who initiated bidi smoking before age 10 is statistically higher in 2009 compared to 2006. There is a need to strengthen enforcement of policies already in place as well as focus on expansion into additional program efforts.

scholarly journals Oral Hygiene and Tobacco Use Practices in Rural Villages of Jhapa District, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Bishal Babu Basnet ◽  
Khem Raj Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sociodemographic Variables ◽  
Dental Floss ◽  
Rural Villages

Background: Smoking and use of smokeless tobacco affect oral as well as general health. People are reluctant to achieve good oral health in lieu of the avoidance of deleterious habits. The objective of this study was to analyze two contrasting health behaviors; the oral hygiene practices against tobacco use in a sample from eastern Terai.Methods: This is questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey carried out in Jhapa district located in eastern Nepal. In this report, practice of toothbrushing, use of fluoridated toothpaste, frequency of using tobacco related products (paan, gutkha, chilim, cigarette, bidi, hukkah) was assessed. Association of health behavior to sociodemographic variables were tested with regression analysis at 95% confidence limits.Results: A total of 1178 respondents (response rate = 96.8%) completed the interview, among them 80.8% were males. Mean age was 52.21 years (SD = 15.943). Overall 72.6% used fluoridated toothpaste and toothbrush for cleaning teeth, 58.8% consumed tobacco related products. Interdental aids utilization was very less (1.2% using dental floss). Age was significantly related to both toothbrushing and tobacco-consuming. Educational status was related significantly to toothbrushing (p<0.05). Other sociodemographic variables (marital status, ethnicity, educational status) were not related to consumption of deleterious products (p>0.05).Conclusions: Our results showed that consumption of tobacco related products is moderately high in Terai village and oral health practice was found to be influenced by educational status. More such studies to identify status of oral health and impact of tobacco are recommended.Keywords: Oral health; smokeless tobacco; smoking; tobacco

scholarly journals Tobacco use and self-reported morbidity among rural Indian adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (05) ◽  
pp. 514-523
Author(s):  
Anamitra Barik ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Rai ◽  
Abhijit Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco Use

AimTo measure the prevalence of self-reported morbidity and its associated factors among adults (aged ⩾15 years) in a select rural Indian population.BackgroundSelf-reporting of smoking has been validated as population-based surveys using self-reported data provide reasonably consistent estimates of smoking prevalence, and are generally considered to be sufficiently accurate for tracking the general pattern of morbidity associated with tobacco use in populations. However, to gauge the true disease burden using self-reported morbidity data requires cautious interpretation.MethodsDuring 2010–2011, a cross-sectional survey was conducted under the banner of the Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Birbhum, an initiative of the Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of West Bengal, India. With over 93.6% response rate from the population living in 12 300 households, this study uses the responses from 16 354 individuals: 8012 smokers, and 8333 smokeless tobacco users. Smokers and smokeless tobacco users were asked whether they have developed any morbidity symptoms due to smoking, or smokeless tobacco use. Bivariate, as well as multivariate logistic regression analyses were deployed to attain the study objective.FindingsOver 20% of smokers and over 9% of smokeless tobacco users reported any morbidity. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) estimated using logistic regression shows that women are less likely to report any morbidity attributable to smoking (OR: 0.69; CI: 0.54–0.87), and more likely to report any morbidity due to smokeless tobacco use (OR: 1.68; CI: 1.36–2.09). Non-Hindus have higher odds, whereas the wealthiest respondents have lower odds of reporting any morbidity. With a culturally appropriate intervention to change behaviour, youth (both men and women) could be targeted with comprehensive tobacco cessation assistance programmes. A focussed intervention could be designed for unprocessed tobacco users to curb hazardous effects of tobacco use.

scholarly journals Prevalence of tobacco consumption among adolescents from rural area of Wardha district

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Vishnoi Ravindra Kumar ◽  
Wagh Vasant ◽  
Gaidhane Abhay ◽  
Muntode Pramita ◽  
Kshatrapal Prajapati
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Rural Adolescents ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
Global Youth Tobacco Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background- Globally adolescent  population is around 1200 million and out of six person, every one person is in adolescence (aged10 to 19 years) period (1). Yet most of them are healthy, but premature death, illness and injury among them can hinder ability to grow and develop to their full potential. It is estimated that 1.2 million adolescents died in 2015 and mostly from preventable or treatable causes. Tobacco consumption is world’s leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality. National Family Health Survey conducted in year 2016-17 reported tobacco consumption prevalence 38.9% in urban area and 48% in rural area of India. Method-It was a community based cross-sectional study conducted in eight villages of Wardha district adopted under Community Health Care program run by department of community medicine. Data was collected by interview from 485 adolescent in the age group of 10-19 years by domiciliary visits using pre-designed pre-tested questionnaire from the period October 2016 to October 2018. Results: Prevalence of tobacco use (all forms), smokeless tobacco use and smoking in rural adolescents were 20.82%, 20.41%, and 2.68%, respectively. Prevalence of tobacco use in boys (30.29%) was more than girls (4.49%). Higher Prevalence was found in late adolescent period. Bidi was commonly used form of smoke tobacco while Kharra was the preferred smokeless tobacco. Almost all smokers were male but few exceptions were there.    Conclusion: The prevalence of tobacco use among rural adolescents was very high (20.82%) as compared to national prevalence of 14.6% according to the global youth tobacco survey India 2009. There is a need of early intervention for tobacco cessation as overall mean age of 1st experienced to tobacco consumption was 12.02 years and in male and female users it was 12.25 years and 10.88 years respectively. 42.10 % adolescents 1st time  experienced any type of tobacco products when they were in the 12-14 years age and only 0.66% adolescents experienced  at the age of 17 -19 years. Maximum male (42.19%) and female (41.67%) ever user experienced their 1st tobacco consumption when they were 12-14 years old.

scholarly journals Prevalence of cigarette smoking among adolescent boys of Srinagar: a school based cross sectional Survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 2886
Author(s):  
Hina Bashir ◽  
Muhammad Salim Khan ◽  
Irfan Nazir Mir ◽  
Ruqia Qaunsar ◽  
Mohsina Mukhtar
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Tobacco Exposure ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Current Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Global Youth Tobacco Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Based

Background: Tobacco use is one biggest health hazards in the world posing various physical and psychosocial risks. At a moment the spread of tobacco use is growing at fast rate in the adolescents, who are the future of the country. However, little information is known about the magnitude of tobacco use in adolescents. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of cigarette smoking among adolescents of Srinagar city.Methods: This school based cross sectional study was conducted from June 2015 to March 2017 in 20 high schools selected randomly from public and private sectors. Students (boys only) [n=1200] from grade 9-12, in the age limit of 13-19 were included in the study. Data were collected by self-administered questionnaire that is adapted from global youth tobacco survey questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariate analysis were made using logistic regression on SPSS version 20.0 software in order to predict factors associated with tobacco use. Results: The prevalence of cigarette smoking among adolescent boys was found to be 29% ever smokers, and 23% current smokers. In addition, more than half [60.8%] of adolescents were exposed to tobacco smoke from others in public places. In the multivariate analysis parent smoking, peer smoking, exposure to movie with actors smoking, not being exposed to anti-smoking media messages, not discussing in the class about danger of smoking, were significantly associated with current cigarette smoking among adolescents. Conclusions: The prevalence rate is increasing in its spread, exposure to environmental tobacco exposure is widespread. Moreover adolescents should be enriched with the knowledge on the dangers of tobacco use. 

scholarly journals Influence of psychological and environmental factors on tobacco use amongst students

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaloud Tariq ◽  
Ahmed Bilal ◽  
Umair Dastgir Bhatti
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Random Number ◽  
Random Number Generator ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Number Generator ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Global Youth Tobacco Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Aim of this study was to find out the influence of psychosocial and environmental factor on tobacco use amongst students. A cross sectional survey was conducted in 6 randomly selected Universities of Lahore from 1st to 28 September 2017. Seventy students were selected from each university through random sampling using lotery method using random number generator. Standardized global youth tobacco survey (GYTS) questionnaire was used. It was composed of pyschosocial &amp; environmental factors and was hand distributed among students. The data were analyzed using SPSS 20. A total number of 420 students participated. Five incomplete responses were discorded. Females were 223 &amp; males were 192. Majoristy of the participants belonged to the age group of 18-24 years. It was concluded that many students considered it a fun to do with friends.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Awareness on Oral Cancer Among Smokeless Tobacco Users in Rural Skirts of Tamil Nadu, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 57s-57s
Author(s):  
M.P. Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chewing Tobacco ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco Use

Background: Smokeless tobacco (ST) is tobacco consumed orally, not smoked. It has been in use for as long as other forms of tobacco consumption and its use have increased. The deleterious effects of smokeless tobacco use are perhaps not as well-known as those produced by smoking. Smokeless tobacco use has been recognized as a cause of cancer. In developing countries, tobacco is mostly chewed with other ingredients. Despite the claims by some tobacco companies and a few harm reduction proponents that using smokeless tobacco products is less harmful than smoking or that smokeless tobacco should be used as a tool to help smokers quit smoking (but continue using tobacco in the form of smokeless tobacco), the fact remains that using smokeless tobacco still exposes users to many harmful chemicals and still heightens a user's risk for many of the same health problems as smoking. The aim of this study is to assess the awareness of health hazards of tobacco among smokeless tobacco users in Kancheepuram District, Tamil Nadu, India. Methodology: The inhabitants of the villages in Kancheepuram district, who have completed 18 years were included in the study. Ethical clearance from the board, permission from the village panchayat leader and informed consent from the participants to conduct the study was obtained. Inhabitants of the villages aged 18 to 75 years and present on the day data collection and who were willing to participate in the study were included. Random sampling method was used and data were collected from a cross-sectional survey, using a pretested questionnaire, which included demographic data, tobacco habits, its frequency and form. Antitobacco counseling was given on the spot and followed. The data collected was analyzed using SPSS version 15. Results: The study population consisted of total 400 individuals, male 200 and females 200. From the results it is observed that more than 70% were unaware of the harmful effects of tobacco. Majority of the females use smokeless tobacco and smoking tobacco was common among males. Most common cause of tobacco use was pleasure 32.5%, inducing factor were friends 43.7% followed by parents and siblings. Effectiveness of antitobacco counseling is greater among the females compared with males. Conclusion: The dangers from smoking and chewing tobacco are well documented within the literature but the public's lack of knowledge of the risks is a concern. Health professionals are encouraged to disseminate information on the subject as widely as possible and improve existing screening programs to ensure that the public is made aware of these risks, especially those within high-risk groups.

scholarly journals Smokeless tobacco and its dependence among the urban-slum population of Jodhpur city

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1186
Author(s):  
Vibha Joshi ◽  
Sourabh Chakraborty ◽  
Nitin Kumar Joshi ◽  
Komal Bajaj ◽  
Bhawana Sati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Urban Slums ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Slum Population

Background: Socio-economic status can be an important determinant for patterns of tobacco consumption and its related health risks. Easy availability and affordable price may lead to the indulgence of smokeless tobacco; this deprived the section of society towards addiction of smokeless tobacco. Therefore, this study was conducted to ascertain smokeless tobacco use and its dependence in urban slum population of Jodhpur city.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the urban-slum population of Jodhpur in 2019. A cluster sampling strategy was used to collect data from 1200 participants in different slums of Jodhpur city. The semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on tobacco usage and willingness to quit.Results: Out of surveyed 1200 participants, 48.5% were males and 51.4% were females. 65.7% of the tobacco users reported in study population. Among tobacco user’s majority were using smokeless tobacco (75.4%), followed by 14.8% dual tobacco users and 9.8% were smoking tobacco. Out of female and male tobacco users, 95% females and 86.3% males were using smokeless forms of tobacco respectively. The frequency of daily tobacco use, time of tobacco chewing, duration of tobacco use was significantly associated with gender. No significant association was found between willingness to quit and gender.Conclusions: Smokeless tobacco was prevalent as compared to smoking form in urban-slums of Jodhpur city. Younger population and women were more attracted towards smokeless tobacco and willingness to quit tobacco was equally prevalent among males and females. An effective health education strategy for tobacco cessation should be designed according to age and gender of urban-slums.  

scholarly journals The Status of Smokeless Tobacco Use and its Associated Factors Among the Business Guilds Population of Chabahar

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Saeed Mazloomy Mahmoodabad ◽  
Mohammad Saeed Jadgal ◽  
Iraj Zareban ◽  
Hossein Fallahzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Status ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco Use ◽  
And Behavior

Purpose: Use of smokeless tobacco is a major preventable cause of premature death and diseases. It leads to over 5 million deaths annually worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the status of smokeless tobacco use and its associated factors among the business guilds population of Chabahar City, Iran. Method: The present descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 320 users of various types of smokeless tobacco selected by simple random sampling method. Data were collected using a researcher-made demographic questionnaire, smokeless tobacco inventory, attitude questionnaire, and behavior questionnaire. The validity and reliability of these tools were confirmed in the previous studies. Data were analyzed in SPSS using descriptive (mean, standard deviation, frequency, and %age) and inferential statistics (Kruskal-Wallis and Exact Fisher test). Results: Most of the participants used the chewing tobaccos Gutkha and Pan-Parag (24%, 95% CI= 28.7-19.4 and 23%, 95% CI= 27.7-18.5, respectively). The mean scores (standard deviations) of the participants' behavior and attitude were 7.71 (2.59) and 22.34 (7.60), respectively. The results of bivariate analysis indicated no significant difference among different smokeless tobacco groups regarding the attitude scores (P = 0.104). A significant association was observed among different groups of smokeless tobacco regarding the behavioral scores (P = 0.007). Conclusion: The scores of attitude and behavior were significantly low among the business guilds population of Chabahar City regarding consumption of smokeless tobacco. Therefore, effective steps should be taken urgently to launch social awareness programs to educate people about the consequences of tobacco use and effectiveness in curbing the problem.

scholarly journals Defining the socio-economic and environmental determinants for high tobacco consumption behaviors among interstate migrant construction workers in Chennai: an observational analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2186
Author(s):  
Sree T. Sucharitha ◽  
Balaji Arumugam ◽  
Suganya E. ◽  
Divyadharshini S. ◽  
Akshaya P.
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Construction Workers ◽  
Environmental Determinants ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chewing Tobacco ◽  
One Year

Background: Global Adult Tobacco Survey-2 (GATS) reveals significant improvements in the decline of tobacco consumption in the past decades, however vulnerable population groups such as migrant construction workers tobacco consumption behaviors in Chennai remain understudied, thus the study was planned to estimate the socio-economic and environmental determinants for high tobacco consumption behaviors among interstate migrant construction workers in Chennai.Methods: A cross sectional survey was undertaken using a pre-tested structured questionnaire adapted from GATS survey questionnaire assessing the socio-demographic and environmental determinants for tobacco use among study population across 13 construction sites in Chennai during May-September 2019. Data was entered in MS-Excel and analysed using SPSS.Results: Among 345 migrant construction workers, mean age of the subjects was 28.42±8.7 years, 338 (98%) were current tobacco users by smoking, chewing, snuffing, of whom 198 (58.6%) used smokeless forms of tobacco like gutkha, khaini, chewing tobacco leaves, betel quid, tobacco snuff, 98 (29%) were smokers and 42 (12.4%) were dual users i.e. both cigarettes and beedis. Khaini (57%) is the dominant form of tobacco used among migrant construction workers. Mean age of initiation of tobacco use was 21.58 years and 21.17, and 22.73 and 19.5 years for smoking, SLT and dual users respectively. The migrant construction workers with no formal literacy(p=0.000), monthly income of more than 10000 (p=0.020) Indian rupees and migrants for less than one year duration (p=0.05)were more likely using the smokeless tobacco than any other socio demographic group.Conclusions: Tobacco prevalence especially smokeless tobacco use is alarmingly high among interstate migrant construction workers to Chennai.

AWARENESS ABOUT INDOOR AIR POLLUTION IN GENERAL POPULATION OF RAWALPINDI AND ISLAMABAD

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
Nadia Tariq ◽  
Tamkeen Jaffry ◽  
Rahma Fiaz ◽  
Abdul Majid Rajput ◽  
Sadaf Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
General Population ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Indoor air pollutants are increasingly being associated with respiratory illnesses leading to high degree of morbidity and mortality. There are not sufficient epidemiological studies from Pakistan which assess level of awareness of indoor air pollution resulting in respiratory diseases in population. Methods: This cross sectional survey was carried out on general population of Rawalpindi/Islamabad. Sample size was 223 study subjects selected by non-probability convenient sampling. Knowledge of the study subjects was determined with regard to indoor air pollution, its effects on health and different sources of indoor air pollution with the help of a questionnaire. The influence of age, gender, educational status and socio economic status on the level of awareness was also analyzed. Results: Out of total 223 participants, 115 were males and108 females. Participants aware of indoor air pollution were 91.5% and adequate awareness about its sources was 80.7%. Those who knew indoor air pollution is detrimental to health were 95.1%. Awareness about building construction dust as source of indoor air pollution was maximum (84.8%). There was significant difference in awareness among participants with different monthly incomes and educational status and also between males and females. Conclusion: This study concludes that general population of Rawalpindi/Islamabad has fairly good awareness about sources of indoor air pollution. Use of harmful material causing indoor air pollution should be limited or substituted with better ones where possible.

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