scholarly journals Saving Costs for Hospitals Through Medical Clowning: A Study of Hospital Staff Perspectives on the Impact of the Medical Clown

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117955652090937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Gomberg ◽  
Amnon Raviv ◽  
Eyal Fenig ◽  
Noam Meiri
Keyword(s):  
Cost Saving ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Lower Stress ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Medical Clown ◽  
The Impact

This study explores the perspectives of doctors, nurses, and technicians on the medical clown. A total of 35 subjects were interviewed one on one. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed for common themes. Medical staff outlined novel limitations and views of future directions for the field of medical clowning. Most importantly, many previously unpublished benefits of medical clowns were described. These reported benefits included cost-saving measures for the hospital, increases in staff efficiency, better patient outcomes, and lower stress in medical staff. Given that most of the limitations on medical clowning are financial in nature, these findings have substantial implications for the future of the field. As medical clowning continues to grow, this study outlines the potential for various future research projects within this field of study.

scholarly journals Improving the experience of facility-based delivery for vulnerable women through obstetric care navigation: a qualitative evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Austad ◽  
Michel Juarez ◽  
Hannah Shryer ◽  
Patricia L. Hibberd ◽  
Mari-Lynn Drainoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Obstetric Care ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Global disparities in maternal mortality could be reduced by universal facility delivery. Yet, deficiencies in the quality of care prevent some mothers from seeking facility-based obstetric care. Obstetric care navigators (OCNs) are a new form of lay health workers that combine elements of continuous labor support and care navigation to promote obstetric referrals. Here we report qualitative results from the pilot OCN project implemented in Indigenous villages in the Guatemalan central highlands. Methods We conducted semi-structured interviews with 17 mothers who received OCN accompaniment and 13 staff—namely physicians, nurses, and social workers—of the main public hospital in the pilot’s catchment area (Chimaltenango). Interviews queried OCN’s impact on patient and hospital staff experience and understanding of intended OCN roles. Audiorecorded interviews were transcribed, coded, and underwent content analysis. Results Maternal fear of surgical intervention, disrespectful and abusive treatment, and linguistic barriers were principal deterrents of care seeking. Physicians and nurses reported cultural barriers, opposition from family, and inadequate hospital resources as challenges to providing care to Indigenous mothers. Patient and hospital staff identified four valuable services offered by OCNs: emotional support, patient advocacy, facilitation of patient-provider communication, and care coordination. While patients and most physicians felt that OCNs had an overwhelmingly positive impact, nurses felt their effort would be better directed toward traditional nursing tasks. Conclusions Many barriers to maternity care exist for Indigenous mothers in Guatemala. OCNs can improve mothers’ experiences in public hospitals and reduce limitations faced by providers. However, broader buy-in from hospital staff—especially nurses—appears critical to program success. Future research should focus on measuring the impact of obstetric care navigation on key clinical outcomes (cesarean delivery) and mothers’ future care seeking behavior.

Aversive Racism: Foundations, Impact, and Future Directions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Murrell
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Racial Bias ◽  
Intergroup Bias ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Aversive Racism ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bias And Discrimination

The concept of aversive racism has had a significant impact on theory, research, and practice devoted to better understanding bias, discrimination, and persistent disparities based on social identity group such as race, gender, social class, and so on. Originally developed to better explain subtle forms of bias toward racial and minoritized groups, this concept has been extended to understand the impact of disparities in a range of diverse settings, such as intergroup relations, health outcomes, fairness in employment setting, intergroup conflict, educational outcomes, racial bias in policing, experiences of stress and mental health issues, and persistent economic disparities. A core facet of the aversive framework paradigm is that because of human biases that are deeply rooted within a historical context and reinforced by ongoing societal ideologies, unintentional and subtle forms of discrimination emerge and persist. Given that these subtle forms of bias and discrimination exist within otherwise well-intentioned individuals, strategies to eliminate them require understanding the complexity of the aversive racism phenomenon in order to develop effective social interventions. This article reviews the foundation, research, and impact of this important body of work. In addition, the concept of aversive racism is discussed in connection to emerging research on microaggressions and unconscious (implicit) bias in order to create a more integrated framework that can shape future research and applications. Lastly, practical implications for organizations and future directions are explored, such as using social identity as a theoretical lens, including global perspectives on intergroup bias and leveraging emerging work on intersectionality, as useful perspectives to extend the aversive racism framework. Setting a future agenda for research and practice related to aversive racism is key to greater understanding of how to reduce intergroup bias and discrimination through interventions that cut across traditional academic and discipline boundaries as one approach to create meaningful and long-lasting social impact.

scholarly journals COVID-19 vs. stakeholder engagement: the impact of coronavirus containment measures on stakeholder involvement in European energy research projects

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Diana Süsser ◽  
Andrzej Ceglarz ◽  
Vassilis Stavrakas ◽  
Johan Lilliestam
Keyword(s):  
Stakeholder Engagement ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Energy Research ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
The Impact

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has affected societies and economies around the world, and the scientific community is no exception. Whereas the importance of stakeholder engagement in research has grown quickly the consequences of the pandemic on this has so far not been empirically studied. In this paper, we investigate the effects of the COVID-19 crisis on European energy research, in particular the stakeholder work, during the first wave of the coronavirus in spring and summer 2020. We pose the research questions: (i) How much of a problem are the coronavirus containment measures for stakeholder engagement? (ii) How have researchers coped with the situation, and (iii) How do they evaluate alternative stakeholder activities implemented? We conducted an online survey among European energy research projects with stakeholder engagement between June and August 2020. We found that only one of six engagement activities could be implemented as planned, whereas almost half were cancelled or delayed. The most common coping strategies were changing involvement formats – mainly to webinars or online workshops – or postponement. Whereas respondents are largely satisfied with one-to-one and unidirectional online formats, such as webinars, online interviews, and online surveys, they see interactive group activities as less suitable for online engagement. Most respondents plan to continue using online formats to complement, but not to replace, physical meetings in future research. All long-term effects remain to be seen, but given the postponement of many stakeholder involvement activities, many projects may face problems at later stages of their realisation. These findings suggest that the pandemic may have catalysed a rapid introduction of specific online formats in academic stakeholder interaction processes.

scholarly journals Impact of Interprofessional Primary Care Practice on Patient Outcomes: A Scoping Review

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824402093589
Author(s):  
Livia R. M. McCutcheon ◽  
Stuart T. Haines ◽  
Ruta Valaitis ◽  
Deborah A. Sturpe ◽  
Grant Russell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Primary Care Practice ◽  
Collaborative Practice ◽  
Economic Outcomes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Interprofessional Collaborative Practice ◽  
Primary Care Settings ◽  
The Impact

Systematic reviews have provided some insight into the impact of interprofessional collaborative practice on patient outcomes. Despite strong interest in interprofessional collaborative practice, relatively little is known about its impact in primary care settings. This scoping literature review describes the essential elements of an interprofessional primary care practice and explores what is known about its impact on patient care including clinical, humanistic, and economic outcomes. We completed a review of the literature examining the breadth of knowledge related to interprofessional collaborative practice in primary care settings. A search was conducted to identify studies based on predefined criteria. A total of 51 studies met the criteria. A total of 27 studies reported a significantly positive clinical outcome with the interprofessional collaborative practice model, 27 studies reported no difference, and one study reported negative outcome in mortality. A total of 15 studies reported a significantly positive humanistic outcome. There was little to no difference in economic outcomes. This study provides new insights for future research that examines the impact of interprofessional primary care practice.

Associations of workflow disruptions in the operating room with surgical outcomes: a systematic review and narrative synthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1033-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelie Koch ◽  
Jacob Burns ◽  
Ken Catchpole ◽  
Matthias Weigl
Keyword(s):  
Operating Room ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Surgical Outcomes ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Medical Specialty ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Narrative Synthesis ◽  
Surgical Safety ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundPerformance in the operating room is an important determinant of surgical safety. Flow disruptions (FDs) represent system-related performance problems that affect the efficiency of the surgical team and have been associated with a risk to patient safety. Despite the growing evidence base on FDs, a systematic synthesis has not yet been published.ObjectiveOur aim was to identify, evaluate and summarise the evidence on relationships between intraoperative FD events and provider, surgical process and patient outcomes.MethodsWe systematically searched databases MEDLINE, Embase and PsycINFO (last update: September 2019). Two reviewers independently screened the resulting studies at the title/abstract and full text stage in duplicate, and all inconsistencies were resolved through discussion. We assessed the risk of bias of included studies using established and validated tools. We summarised effects from included studies through a narrative synthesis, stratified based on predefined surgical outcome categories, including surgical process, provider and patient outcomes.ResultsWe screened a total of 20 481 studies. 38 studies were found to be eligible. Included studies were highly heterogeneous in terms of methodology, medical specialty and context. Across studies, 20.5% of operating time was attributed to FDs. Various other process, patient and provider outcomes were reported. Most studies reported negative or non-significant associations of FDs with surgical outcomes.ConclusionApart from the identified relationship of FDs with procedure duration, the evidence base concerning the impact of FDs on provider, surgical process and patient outcomes is limited and heterogeneous. We further provide recommendations concerning use of methods, relevant outcomes and avenues for future research on associated effects of FDs in surgery.

scholarly journals Eco-Innovation Research in Indonesia: A Systematic Review and Future Directions

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Budi Harsanto
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Innovation Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Level Of Analysis ◽  
Research Analysis

Innovation by considering the impact to the ecological environment, known as eco-innovation, continues to receive increasing attention in at least the past two decades. This paper aims to provide an analysis on recent development of eco-innovation research in Indonesia and provide some potential avenues for future research. Analysis is carried out using systematic literature review (SLR) techniques to synthesize knowledge development of a scientific field in a structured, transparent, and reliable manner. The search was conducted on three academic databases, including Scopus, Google Scholar, and the local academic database of Garuda (<em>Garba Rujukan Digital</em>). Data analyzed using content analysis. The analysis shows that scholarly publication of eco-innovation research in Indonesia is still rare. The topics discussed can be categorized into several categories such as the driver of eco-innovation, R&amp;D for eco-innvation, eco-innovation performance, which addresses various types of eco-innovation and different level of analysis. Potential research avenues are then identified at the end of the paper. This is the first systematic review on eco-Innovation in Indonesia, and first combining systematic search strategy in the both local and international academic database.

scholarly journals The needs, challenges, and burden experienced by informal caregivers in Uganda: a scoping review

2022 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Komuhangi ◽  
C. Jenkins ◽  
F. Nakaggwa ◽  
P. Agaba ◽  
F. Githinji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Physical Support ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Treatment Services ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The impact of informal caregiving is increasingly recognised as an important but often particularly neglected area of research in low and middle income countries. It is important to understand not only the effect of care on patient outcomes, but also the impact of caring on caregivers’ health and wellbeing. Methods Guided by the Arksey and O’Malley (Res Methodol 8:19–32, 2005) framework, this scoping review sought to collate and chart existing research on the needs, burdens and challenges experienced by caregivers in Uganda. Results The results of this review indicate that research focusing on the needs of caregivers for individuals with communicable disease, particularly HIV, has been well developed in Uganda, however, there is a lack of research on caregiving related to non-communicable diseases. Research has been dominated by small qualitative studies that are informative for understanding roles, burdens and contextually-specific aspects of care, but there is a need for larger studies that develop and test interventions designed to support the needs of caregivers. Conclusions Recurrent themes identified within this review, such as challenges in providing physical support and accessing treatment services, financial costs of care, psychological and mental health impacts and the experience of stigma, should help to inform well targeted and contextually-appropriate future research and interventions.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on Patient Experience Within a Midwest Hospital System: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 237437352110652
Author(s):  
Alisa Drapeaux ◽  
John A. Jenson ◽  
Nicholas Fustino
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Patient Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Provider Communication ◽  
Provider Education ◽  
Hospital System ◽  
The Impact

Patient-centered communication and patient-provider relationships directly affect patient outcomes. The purpose of this study was to compare inpatient perception of provider/nurse communication in both COVID versus non-COVID diagnoses groups. A qualitative retrospective study was conducted by performing a priori coding analysis on Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems surveys from 4 different hospitals for both COVID and non-COVID diagnoses. Five themes emerged from non-COVID patient data: inconsistent health care provider communication, variable patient-provider education, pandemic influenced patient satisfaction and mental health stress, inconsistent hospital services, and stable provider professionalism. Five themes arose from the COVID patient data: provider gratitude, controversial communication methods, consistent patient education, lack of quality patient care, and poor timeliness. There is evidence of shared patient perceptions between both COVID and non-COVID patients, but also differences including timeliness and quality of care. The pandemic influenced all patients by creating non-mutually exclusive themes including overall gratitude and patient satisfaction. Future research should focus on a quantitative analysis of pandemic-related patient-provider communication effects on patient outcomes.

Future directions in neutrality research: symmetry and transparency

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-242
Author(s):  
Keri Szejda Fehrenbach ◽  
Amy S. Ebesu Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Future Behavior ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of the neutrality literature and suggests areas ripe for future research. Design/methodology/approach – The authors reviewed journal articles on the topic of neutrality in mediation, which included theoretical viewpoints and empirical research on practicing mediators’ understanding of neutrality. Findings – The review of literature revealed that party perspectives are largely missing from current neutrality literature. Two potential concepts emerged from the authors' review of literature that could potentially influence parties’ attributions of mediator neutrality: symmetry and transparency. Symmetry refers to the equal treatment of parties, whereas transparency refers to providing an explanation of past or future behavior. Research on whether symmetry and transparency are key influences on party assessment of mediator neutrality could make a significant contribution to the field. Research limitations/implications – The authors call on researchers with diverse methodological perspectives to examine, from the party’s perspective, important questions regarding the meaning of neutrality, mediator strategies to successfully enact neutrality and the impact of neutrality on mediation outcomes. Originality/value – Neutrality is arguably one of the most important concepts to the mediation field. Despite its significance to the field, only limited research has been conducted to better understand how neutrality is enacted in practice. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the literature and provides a launching point for future research.

scholarly journals Examining the Structure of Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale with Chinese Population: A Bifactor Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4208
Author(s):  
Lingling Xu ◽  
Jialing Li ◽  
Li Yin ◽  
Ruyi Jin ◽  
Qi Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Bifactor Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Difficulties In Emotion Regulation ◽  
Bifactor Modeling ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact

The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), as one of the most frequently employed measures of emotion regulation (ER), has increasingly been used in numerous researches and applications. However, the structures derived from previous factor-analytic studies have a high degree of inconsistency. In the current study, both the traditional factor analysis method and novel (bifactor) modeling approaches were employed to examine the most optimal measurement structure of the DERS in a sample of 1036 Chinese participants. After a series of comparisons, the findings indicated that the bifactor model, with a general ER factor and four distinct subdimensions, was the most optimal structure for the DERS. Based on the study’s findings, the discussion was focused mainly on the future directions and the implications of this bifactor model. The impact and limitations of the study were also discussed, and several suggestions for future research were provided at the end of the paper.

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