Decommodification in action: Common property as countermovement

Organization ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 817-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Peredo ◽  
Murdith McLean
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Change ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Land Trusts ◽  
Worker Cooperatives ◽  
Fictitious Commodities ◽  
Market Capitalism

Our purpose is twofold: to contribute to the case for seeing the economy as a rich landscape of practices for producing and distributing livelihood extending beyond the capitalist market and to highlight an important element in the current dynamic of organizational change within that landscape. We focus on a particular set of practices that not only deserve attention as departures from the market model but also exemplify an important interplay in current economic life: the resistance mounted by some elements in economic activity to the hegemony of market capitalism. Our argument sheds light on a form of organizing that is based on a distinctive economic form – common property, and arises in a distinctive setting – the heightened marketization characteristic of neo-liberalism. The factor of commodification binds these two as the force that arouses the organizational reaction. We sketch the neo-liberal environment of current economic life and then outline Polanyi’s notion of ‘fictitious commodities’ in the market economy and the countermovement aimed at protecting and recovering them. We focus on two families of practice that effectively decommodify land and labour – community land trusts and worker cooperatives – and suggest that these represent a widespread interplay of forces in the countermovement. We conclude by outlining a fertile programme of research that flows from our argument.

scholarly journals the Monetary Paradigm of the Market Economy: Retrospective analysis and futuristic Imperatives

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 154-168
Author(s):  
Ya.   S.  Yadgarov ◽  
V.  A.  Sidorov ◽  
E.  V. Sobolev
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Model Of Management ◽  
High Level

The review article positions the materials of the results of the VI International scientifc-practical conference, the content of which is considered from a special angle — through the phenomenon of market economies. Within the framework of the forum, the understanding of the past (in theoretical and applied terms) market model of management and the search for new sources of economic growth were carried out, the fnancial problems accompanying the genesis and evolution of economic life were discussed. The high level of discussion can be judged by the participation in the conference of such well-known post-Soviet scientists as R.M. Nureyev (Russia), B.S. Myrzaliyev (Kazakhstan), G.I. Ganush (Belarus), G.L. Sargsyan (Armenia), N.u. uzakov (uzbekistan) and others. In accordance with the program of the conference, special attention was paid to the analysis of debatable historical, economic, institutional, reproductive and transformational aspects of the phenomenon of the market system of management, explicated through the prism of monetary and fnancial relations. Materials of the conference actualize the development of evolutionary, institutional and interdisciplinary aspects of economic science, as a stage in the deepening of the existing system of knowledge about the phenomenon (objects) that make up the latest areas of Theoretical Economics, and their relationship, revealing a wide range of discussion of methodological and theoretical problems of the phenomenon of market economy. Of particular scientifc and practical interest are the opinions of the forum participants, reflecting the state and vectors of development of modern scientific knowledge in the feld of fnancial instruments of commodity-money relations, showing “bottlenecks” in this segment of economic science. A number of generalizing conclusions and recommendations are aimed at solving problems that are relevant to modern society, such as: strengthening the confrontation between the national and global economy, sanctions counteraction, contradictions of the traditional monetary economy and the emerging use of cryptocurrency. The results of the conference not only acquaint the academic and scientifc community with the trends in the study of the market phenomenon in the CIS but also have a signifcant potential applied interest.

Work-from-home during COVID-19: Accounting for the care economy to build back better

2021 ◽  
pp. 103530462098360
Author(s):  
Fiona Jenkins ◽  
Julie Smith
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Rapid Adaptation ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Jel Codes ◽  
Work From Home ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
Care Economy ◽  
A Site

In the COVID-19 pandemic, people’s dwellings suddenly became a predominant site of economic activity. We argue that, predictably, policy-makers and employers took the home for granted as a background support of economic life. Acting as if home is a cost-less resource that is free for appropriation in an emergency, ignoring how home functions as a site of gendered relations of care and labour, and assuming home is a largely harmonious site, all shaped the invisibility of the imposition. Taking employee flexibility for granted and presenting work-from-home as a privilege offered by generous employers assumed rapid adaptation. As Australia emerges from lockdown, ‘building back better’ to meet future shocks entails better supporting adaptive capabilities of workers in the care economy, and of homes that have likewise played an unacknowledged role as buffer and shelter for the economy. Investing in infrastructure capable of providing a more equitable basis for future resilience is urgent to reap the benefits that work-from-home offers. This article points to the need for rethinking public investment and infrastructure priorities for economic recovery and reconstruction in the light of a gender perspective on COVID-19 ‘lockdown’ experience. JEL Codes: E01, E22, J24

Moral canals: trust and social capital in the work of Hume, Smith and Genovesi

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigino Bruni ◽  
Robert Sugden
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
David Hume ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
History Of

It is a truism that a market economy cannot function without trust. We must be able to rely on other people to respect our property rights, and on our trading partners to keep their promises. The theory of economics is incomplete unless it can explain why economic agents often trust one another, and why that trust is often repaid. There is a long history of work in economics and philosophy which tries to explain the kinds of reasoning that people use when they engage in practices of trust: this work develops theories of trust. A related tradition in economics, sociology and political science investigates the kinds of social institution that reproduce whatever habits, dispositions or modes of reasoning are involved in acts of trust: this work develops theories of social capital. A recurring question in these literatures is whether a society which organizes its economic life through markets is capable of reproducing the trust on which those markets depend. In this paper, we look at these themes in relation to the writings of three eighteenth-century philosopher-economists: David Hume, Adam Smith, and Antonio Genovesi.

Shadow Economy and Corruption in Azerbaijan

2012 ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
R. Dzhabiev
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Shadow Economy ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Legislation

The government legislation of Azerbaijan is in many respects behind the new realities of economic life. Contradictions between the quickly changing market economy conditions and the existing legislative base allow bribe-takers for using the appearing gaps in the legal sphere. The deduction of shadow economy at least to the 10% of GDP level must be put as a strategic task, along with the increase in GDP, poverty combating, inflation reduction, etc.

On the Relation of Political Science and Economics

1960 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Cropsey
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Economic Interest ◽  
Labor Economic ◽  
Mutual Interest ◽  
Economic Foundations ◽  
Parallel Observation

That politics and economic life have much to do with each other is a remark matched in self-evidence only by the parallel observation that political science and economics are of mutual interest. All the more striking then is the difficulty one meets in attempting to state with precision how politics and economic life, or how political science and economics are related.Consider for example the view that politics is the ceaseless competition of interested groups. Except under very rare conditions, as for instance the absence of division of labor, economic circumstances will preoccupy the waking hours of most men at most times. Their preoccupations will express themselves in the formation of organizations, or at least interested groups, with economic foundations. Politics, so far as “interest” means “economic interest” (which it does largely, but not exclusively), is the mutual adjustment of economic positions; and to that extent, the relation between politics and economic life seems to be that political activity grows out of economic activity. But the competition of the interests is, after all, an organized affair, carried out in accordance with rules called laws and constitutions. So perhaps the legal framework, the construction of which surely deserves to be called political, supervenes over the clashing of mere interests and even prescribes which interests may present themselves at the contest. Thus politics appears to be primary in its own right.

Capitalism after the Fall of Communism

Politics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
Norman Barry
Keyword(s):  
Business Ethics ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Moral Standards ◽  
The Social ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Social Market ◽  
Market Capitalism

This article compares the economics and ethics of Anglo-American individualistic market capitalism with its rivals – notably the ‘social market’ model and communitarian capitalism. It argues that ‘business ethics’ is a threat to economic efficiency and does not guarantee higher moral standards in commerce.

Economic Activity of Non-Commercial Organizations and Its Civil-Law Ensuring

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Татьяна Сойфер ◽  
Tatyana Soyfyer
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Fundamental Possibility ◽  
Commercial Organizations ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Methods Of Operation

The article is considered some aspects of economic activity of non-commercial organizations. The author notes that updated norms of the Russian Civil code not fully take into account economic principles of operation non-commercial organizations in conditions of market economy. That is why the desired effects from their work in Russia are not received. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the relationship of legal categories “income-generating activity of non-commercial organizations” and “entrepreneurship activity of non-commercial organizations”. Author came to a conclusion that this categories have various economic essences. The income-generating activity for the non-profit organizations may have different characters, including as the main. Consequently the author indicates the need for a differentiated approach in determining the fundamental possibility and valid frames of implementation the income-generating activity for the non-commercial organizations. The article proposes to distinguish groups of non-profit legal entities and give them any special opportunities in the implementation of income-generating activity. These opportunities depend on the purposes of the organizations and the chosen methods of operation.

Karl Polanyi's Concept of Non-Market Trade

1970 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Rotstein
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Near East ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Organizational Forms ◽  
Focus Attention ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Evolutionary Context

Karl Polanyi's studies in economic history were concerned with an unusually wide range of economies and societies. Aristotle's Greece, the ancient Near East and Hammurabi's Babylonia, pre-colonial West Africa, and the laissez-faire economy of the nineteenth century were among the areas which he explored. The main focus of his work might well be summed up by the title of the present conference, “The Organizational Forms of Economic Life and Their Evolution,” and equally well by the subtitle, “Non-Capitalistic Organization.” To talk of organizational forms (in the plural) and of non-capitalistic organization is to focus attention on different kinds of economic institutions and on ways of distinguishing among them. To raise this question in an evolutionary context is to suggest a departure from a notion of unilineal development that would tend to see earlier economies as miniature replicas or potential versions of our own market economy.

From Convergence to Fragmentation: Uneven Regional Development, Industrial Restructuring, and the ‘Transition to Capitalism’ in Slovakia

1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Smith
Keyword(s):  
Uneven Development ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Dual Processes ◽  
East European ◽  
Capitalist World Economy ◽  
New Firm ◽  
Transition To Capitalism ◽  
Market Capitalism ◽  
State Socialist ◽  
Development Result

The transition from the state socialist model of development to one based upon a form of market capitalism is being met with a profound restructuring of the space-economies of Central and East European societies. This paper is an examination of the experience of this ‘transition’ in Slovakia. It is argued that, whereas a process of regional convergence took place under state socialism, we are presently witnessing the regional economic fragmentation of the Slovak economy. New forms of regional uneven development result from the combined effects of the collapse of the national economy, the globalisation and marketisation of economic life, and the interaction between local economic and industrial structures and strategies. By focusing upon the comparative dimensions of change in different regions we can begin to unpick some of the causal mechanisms underlying this trajectory of fragmentation. Of particular importance are the uneven development of new firm formation, foreign direct investment, and the expansion of trade with capitalist markets. The author examines the ability of regions in Slovakia to engage in these dual processes of marketisation and globalisation and finds that integration into the capitalist world economy is highly uneven.

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