scholarly journals Recovery processes among young adults treated for alcohol and other drug problems: A five-year follow-up

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 338-351
Author(s):  
Lisa Skogens ◽  
Ninive von Greiff
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Client Group ◽  
Human And Social Capital ◽  
Drug Problems ◽  
Alcohol And Other Drugs

Aim: Studies on recovery from alcohol and other drugs (AOD) among young adults are scarce. In the present study, young adults, previously interviewed with a focus on their recovery process shortly after they completed treatment, were re-interviewed five years later focusing on their recovery process during the last five years in relation to their former AOD problems, other problems and processes of change. Methods: Twenty-one young adults were interviewed: 16 women and five men aged between 25 and 33 years. After transcribing the interviews, the material was analysed thematically. Results: Three overall themes emerged: previous problems, mental illness and the search for identity. The results were discussed in relation to recovery capital, primarily focusing on human and social capital. The results indicate that the group in focus often needs professional support for mental health issues in order to reach a stable recovery. Conclusions: Since the problems described were heterogeneous, this client group might benefit from individual treatment and extended support after treatment. Further, the results indicate that the established period of five years for a stable recovery might need to be extended for young adults.

Who We Are

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-46
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Fitzpatrick ◽  
Matthew L. Spialek
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Online Surveys ◽  
Specific Data ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Before And After

Chapter two describes the methodological framework and design for this project. The authors present a discussion of the methods used to select persons for both face-to-face interviews and online surveys, along with the follow-up strategies used to talk with civilians and organizational officials involved in the recovery process. This chapter discusses both the approach to the data collection, as well as what specific data the authors were interested in acquiring as it pertained to understanding how displacement and recovery processes varied across individual survivors. Finally, the chapter discusses in detail the numerous strategies employed to tell the survivors’ stories—pictures, maps, tables, charts, and narratives, along with additional data from secondary sources to help characterize the places where survivors were living both before and after the disaster.

Feasibility of mobile-deployed care management based on standardized ePRO and computer-interpretable-guideline engine for lymphoma patients.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e18010-e18010
Author(s):  
Tingting Zhang ◽  
Yuqin Song ◽  
Zhi Tao Ying ◽  
Lingyan Ping ◽  
Chen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Care Management ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Record Management ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts

e18010 Background: To effectively assist lymphoma patients and their care-givers after their hospital discharge, a standard follow-up guideline for lymphoma patients was designed and encoded through a computer-interpret-able-guideline (CiG) engine and deployed through mobile-Web and mobile-Apps to ensure continuous care throughout the treatment and recovery processes. Methods: Scheduled tasks including ePRO questionnaires and requests for test results were sent for completion, and a virtual care management team was assigned to ensure compliance and respond to automatic triggered alerts. Attending oncologists also were given mobile-Apps to access the patients’ securely uploaded records and consult remotely to manage side-effects manifested after discharge. The out-of-hospital record management and care coordination enabled the adjustment of individual treatment plans and the optimization of clinical resources utilization. Results: During 2018, 1012 patients or their caregivers interacted with our team through the mobile platform after discharge. Out of these, 856 individual patients uploaded enough information to be initiated in the mobile follow-up program. Approximately 30% of these patients were Beijing residents while the rest came from all over China. Close to half of these patients had follow-up tests done in other 387 hospitals or 52 clinics. Based on ePRO questionnaires submitted, 218 patients had 616 side-effect-symptom alerts triggered and followed up, in addition to patient-initiated mobile consultation with their attending oncologists. Lab results especially white blood cell counts, platelet counts, and neutrophil counts, contributed to the majority of test alerts managed by our team. Analysis of the thousands anonymized questions identified clinical processes in need of optimization. A new patient education manual addressing frequently asked questions, and new processes such as chemo-regime scheduling were put in place. Conclusions: We have demonstrated the feasibility of a mobile-deployed care management process after discharge for lymphoma patients and their caregivers. We have initiated retrospective studies of impacts on our patients’ treatment compliance and quality of life. A randomized clinical trial in six cancer types assessing the value of such an approach is also under planning.

Themes in sentencing young adults charged with serious violent crime involving alcohol and other drugs

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-432
Author(s):  
Siobhan M Lawler ◽  
Emma L Barrett ◽  
Lexine A Stapinski ◽  
David A Bright ◽  
Maree Teesson
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Young People ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Violent Crime ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Drug Problems ◽  
Alcohol And Other Drugs

The majority of young people in custody have alcohol and other drug problems and over 90% report past-year experiences of high-risk drinking and illicit drug use. Despite a strong link between drug use and violent offending, there is a dearth of information about how this relationship plays out in sentencing young adult offenders. This study examines themes in the sentencing of drug-using young adults facing court for serious violent crime and describes how judges discuss rehabilitation as a consideration for this high-risk group. This research contributes to the literature by bridging law and social science through a cross sectional analysis of n = 507 sentencing remarks from New South Wales higher courts. Substance use involvement was indicated in more than three-quarters (77%) of violent offence cases. Among young adults sentenced for violent crimes involving substance use (n = 51) robbery and homicide were the most common offences, and alcohol and methamphetamine were the most frequently involved substances. Two themes emerged around judges’ reasons for sentencing, one emphasising offender agency and choice and another more compassionate position acknowledging the influence of drug dependence on offending behaviour. Despite this divide, addressing substance use dependence was commonly seen as key for the successful rehabilitation of young people who commit violent crime involving alcohol and other drugs.

Burnout symptoms and recovery processes in eight elite soccer coaches over 10 years

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-443
Author(s):  
Peter Hassmén ◽  
Göran Kenttä ◽  
Sören Hjälm ◽  
Erik Lundkvist ◽  
Henrik Gustafsson
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Process ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
External Pressures ◽  
Elite Level ◽  
Decisive Action ◽  
Role Demands ◽  
Experienced Difficulty ◽  
Conflicting Role

Elite sport can be stressful, which increases the risk for burnout symptoms to develop, especially when not balanced with sufficient recovery. To study the burnout–recovery process, eight elite soccer coaches were followed for 10 years. All eight were active elite coaches at the inception of this study and reported elevated emotional exhaustion scores on Maslach’s Burnout Inventory Educators Survey (MBI-ES). The coaches completed MBI-ES three additional times (year 3, 7, and 10), and they were also interviewed on the same occasions. At the 3-year follow-up, seven of the eight coaches reduced their exhaustion scores. The coach presenting with unchanged scores both at the 3 - and 7-year follow-up was the only one still coaching at the elite level. All coaches revealed during the interviews that they struggled to manage their work–life balance well; some worked too many hours, some experienced difficulty in managing conflicting role-demands, and some wrestled with external pressures. Their approach to recovery was, however, similar. Apart from moving away from coaching at the elite level, they unanimously mentioned that they changed their approach to coaching to make recovery possible. They achieved the latter by, for example, increasing control and delegating responsibility. According to our longitudinal results, burnout frequently regarded as an end-state can decrease over time, provided that decisive action is taken to change situational factors and personal demands. This frequently meant withdrawing from coaching, which in turn explains why coach retention remains a serious challenge for most organizations with teams/athletes competing at the elite level.

scholarly journals Detecting and Managing Mental Health Issues within Young Adults. A Systematic Review on College Counselling in Italy

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Ghilardi ◽  
Chiara Buizza ◽  
Egle Miriam Carobbio ◽  
Rossella Lusenti
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Web Environment ◽  
Counselling Services ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
Counselling Interventions

Background: College counselling can be considered as a front-line service in detecting and managing mental health issues within young adults. In this sense, it is important to investigate the effectiveness of counselling interventions. Objective: To provide a systematic review about college counselling in Italy; to assess which psychological interventions really meet student needs, and their effectiveness; to focus on the level of cohesion between Italian counselling services and the international guidelines about college counselling. Method: A systematic review about college counselling through PsycInfo and PubMed was carried out. Because of the scarceness of pertinent available articles, the survey was extended to Google Scholar and Riviste Web. Keywords: counselling, mental health, wellbeing, psychological support, university, students, Italy. Results: Out of thirty-four articles retrieved, 16 are relevant to academic counselling, the other 18 have been considered not pertinent to the aim of the present review. Data show a lack of homogeneity in methodology and organization between each University: different approaches towards students’ needs. Furthermore, no follow-up studies or measurement of effectiveness were found. Conclusion: This review is a contribution to disseminate the results of counselling experiences in Italy and represents an effort to encourage colleagues working in a web environment to share results and methods for a more organized protocol application.

scholarly journals Nonsurgical miniscrew-assisted rapid maxillary expansion results in acceptable stability in young adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 713-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Hwan Choi ◽  
Kyung-Keun Shi ◽  
Jung-Yul Cha ◽  
Young-Chel Park ◽  
Kee-Joon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Initial Examination ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Maxillary Deficiency ◽  
Time Point

ABSTRACT Objective:  To evaluate the stability of nonsurgical miniscrew-assisted rapid maxillary expansion (MARME) in young adults with a transverse maxillary deficiency. Materials and Methods:  From a total of 69 adult patients who underwent MARME followed by orthodontic treatment with a straight-wire appliance, 20 patients (mean age, 20.9 ± 2.9 years) with follow-up records (mean, 30.2 ± 13.2 months) after debonding were selected. Posteroanterior cephalometric records and dental casts were obtained at the initial examination (T0), immediately after MARME removal (T1), immediately after debonding (T2), and at posttreatment follow-up (T3). Results:  Suture separation was observed in 86.96% of subjects (60/69). An increase in the maxillary width (J-J; 1.92 mm) accounted for 43.34% of the total expansion with regard to the intermolar width (IMW) increase (4.43 mm; P < .001) at T2. The amounts of J-J and IMW posttreatment changes were −0.07 mm (P > .05) and −0.42 mm (P  =  .01), respectively, during retention. The postexpansion change in middle alveolus width increased with age (P < .05). The postexpansion change of interpremolar width (IPMW) was positively correlated with the amount of IPMW expansion (P < .05) but not with IMW. The changes of the clinical crown heights in the maxillary canines, first premolars, and first molars were not significant at each time point. Conclusions:  Nonsurgical MARME can be a clinically acceptable and stable treatment modality for young adults with a transverse maxillary deficiency.

Psychotropic medication use among personality disordered young adults. A follow-up study among former adolescent psychiatric inpatients

2020 ◽  
Vol 293 ◽  
pp. 113449
Author(s):  
Liisa Kantojärvi ◽  
Helinä Hakko ◽  
Milla Mukka ◽  
Anniina Käyhkö ◽  
Pirkko Riipinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Psychotropic Medication ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Personality Disordered

scholarly journals Echocardiographic screening for the anomalous aortic origin of coronary arteries

Open Heart ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e001495
Author(s):  
Francesco Bianco ◽  
Massimo Colaneri ◽  
Valentina Bucciarelli ◽  
Francesca Chiara Surace ◽  
Federica Valentina Iezzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Sports Activity ◽  
Coronary Ct ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Echocardiographic Assessment ◽  
Echocardiographic Images ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Significant Increment

AimsWe sought to determine the diagnostic performance, clinical profiles and outcomes of anomalous aortic origin of coronary arteries (AAOCA) using a standardised echocardiographic approach in young adults and athletes.MethodsIn 2015–2019, we screened 5998 outpatients (age 16 years (Q1–Q3: 11, 36)), referred for routine echocardiography, using four specific echocardiographic windows: parasternal short/long axis and apical 4/5-chambers view. Coronary CT confirmed AAOCA. For the performance analysis, 300 coronary-CT scans were available; two independent and double-blinded physicians retrospectively reviewed echocardiographic images.ResultsA total of 47 AAOCA was diagnosed; the overall prevalence was 0.0078%. Over 5 years, we found a significant increment of AAOCA diagnostic rate (P for trend=0.002). Syncope (n=17/47) and palpitations (n=6/47) were prevalent symptoms. All patients suspended sports activity at the diagnosis. Twenty-seven patients underwent surgery, while 20 underwent a conservative medical treatment. All patients are alive at a median follow-up of 3±1.6 years; only surgical repairs restarted their activity. Our method showed better sensitivity than traditional short-axis evaluation: 93% vs 83%, p=0.0030 (AUC 0.96 (95% CI 0.92, 0.99) and AUC 0.89 (95% CI 0.83, 0.95), respectively), with a good interobserver agreement (95%, k=0.83, p<0.001).ConclusionsThe application of a standardised echocardiographic approach for AAOCA detection led to a significantly increased rate of identified anomalies. This approach demonstrated higher sensitivity than the traditional echocardiographic assessment. Implementing this protocol in clinical practice may help improve the AAOCA diagnosis in young adults and athletes.Trial registration numberNCT04224090.

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