scholarly journals Associations Between Rejection Sensitivity, Aggression, and Victimization: A Meta-Analytic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuling Gao ◽  
Mark Assink ◽  
Tinting Liu ◽  
Ko Ling Chan ◽  
Patrick Ip
Keyword(s):  
Rejection Sensitivity ◽  
Social Rejection ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
Primary Literature ◽  
Longitudinal Associations ◽  
Analytic Models ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Search

Background: Rejection sensitivity (RS) is a personality disposition characterized by oversensitivity to social rejection; individuals who are sensitive to social rejection tend to anxiously or angrily expect, readily perceive, and overreact to it. The associations between (a) RS and aggression and (b) RS and victimization have been studied in recent years. However, the strength of these associations varied considerably between studies. This review aimed to synthesize the primary literature to improve our insight into these associations. Method: A comprehensive literature search yielded 52 studies (with a total of 66,405 participants and producing 203 effect sizes) on the RS-aggression and RS-victimization associations. Three-level meta-analytic models were used to synthesize effect sizes and to examine potential moderators of the RS-aggression association and the RS-victimization association, respectively. Results: There was a small but significant association between RS and aggression (pooled r = .183; p < .001) and a slightly below moderate and significant association between RS and victimization (pooled r = .298; p < .001). The RS-aggression association was stronger for angry RS than for anxious RS and stronger for reactive aggression than for proactive aggression. Similar results were obtained in analyzing the longitudinal associations only. Conclusions: RS is significantly associated with aggression and victimization. The implications of the results for clinical practice as well as directions for future research are discussed.

The Effects of Technology Supports on Community Grocery Shopping Skills for Students With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 016264342198997
Author(s):  
Sojung Jung ◽  
Ciara Ousley ◽  
David McNaughton ◽  
Pamela Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

In this meta-analytic review, we investigated the effects of technology supports on the acquisition of shopping skills for students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) between the ages of 5 and 24. Nineteen single-case experimental research studies, presented in 15 research articles, met the current study’s inclusion criteria and the What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) standards. An analysis of potential moderators was conducted, and we calculated effect sizes using Tau-U to examine the impact of age, diagnosis, and type of technology on the reported outcomes for the 56 participants. The results from the included studies provide evidence that a wide range of technology interventions had a positive impact on shopping performance. These positive effects were seen for individuals across a wide range of ages and disability types, and for a wide variety of shopping skills. The strongest effect sizes were observed for technologies that provided visual supports rather than just auditory support. We provide an interpretation of the findings, implications of the results, and recommended areas for future research.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the German Version of the Children’s Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire (CRSQ)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Charlotte Rosenbach ◽  
Babette Renneberg ◽  
Herbert Scheithauer
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Kinder Und Jugendliche ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Rejection Sensitivity ◽  
Social Rejection ◽  
German Version ◽  
German Sample ◽  
Insight Into

Rejection Sensitivity (RS) is defined as the disposition to anxiously expect, readily perceive, and overreact to social rejection cues. Aim of the two studies presented in this paper was to develop and administer an instrument to assess RS in a German sample of healthy (pre)adolescents as well as in a clinical sample. The English Children’s Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire (CRSQ) was translated, adapted, and presented to a non-clinical sample (N = 128) (Study I) to identify psychometric properties of the instrument. In Study II, the resulting questionnaire was completed by a mixed clinical sample (N = 50). Differences in results between samples, and the relation between rejection sensitivity and mental distress were investigated. The resulting German version of the questionnaire CRSQ (German: Fragebogen zur Zurückweisungsempfindlichkeit für Kinder und Jugendliche, FZE-K) showed good psychometric properties. Differences between samples provide insight into the diversity of the construct “rejection sensitivity”.

The Psychology of Workplace Mentoring Relationships

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lillian T. Eby ◽  
Melissa M. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Employee Development ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Mentoring Relationships ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Interdependence Theory ◽  
Workplace Mentoring ◽  
Expansion Theory ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Insight Into

Workplace mentoring relationships have been advanced as critical to employee development. However, mentoring research has tended to find small to moderate effects of mentoring on protégé and mentor outcomes and considerable heterogeneity in effect sizes. These findings underscore the need to better understand the psychology of mentoring relationships in order to maximize the benefits of mentoring for mentors, protégés, and organizations. In this article, after briefly reviewing established research on workplace mentoring relationships, we introduce five relationship science theories from outside organizational psychology and organizational behavior that provide new insight into the psychology of workplace mentoring: attachment theory, interdependence theory, self-expansion theory, Rhodes’ model of formal youth mentoring, and the working alliance. We then discuss several unique features of workplace mentoring that should be considered when applying these relationship science theories and introduce provocative ideas for future research. We conclude by discussing practical implications for mentors, protégés, and organizations.

scholarly journals Laboratory aggression and personality traits: A meta-analytic review

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtland Hyatt ◽  
Amos Zeichner ◽  
Josh Miller
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Precise Measurement ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Methodological Rigor ◽  
Analytic Review

Among operationalizations of aggression, laboratory paradigms are unique in that they permit precise measurement of aggression while controlling for many possible confounds (e.g., levels of provocation). In the current undertaking, we conducted a meta-analysis of the relations between laboratory aggression and trait-based personality constructs thought to be among the most robust and consistent predictors of lab aggression, including traits from the predominant model of general personality (Big Five/Five Factor Model [FFM]), as well as personality disorder constructs including psychopathy, narcissism, and sadism. Our search yielded 54 usable studies containing 123 effect sizes. Random-effects models suggest that psychopathy, narcissism, sadism, and low FFM Agreeableness are significant predictors of laboratory aggression with small to moderate effect sizes. Impulsivity and FFM Openness also showed significant relations, though they were smaller in magnitude. Thus, traits related to aggression outside of the laboratory also appear to be related to aggression in the laboratory. Suggestions are made for future research in this area, including an emphasis on causal mechanisms and methodological rigor.

scholarly journals Measuring the Role of Social Rejection Sensitivity in Depressive Symptoms in the Digital Age: The Online and Offline Social Sensitivity Scale

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack L Andrews ◽  
Aye Chan Khin ◽  
Talia Crayn ◽  
Kiarne Humphreys ◽  
Susanne Schweizer
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Rejection Sensitivity ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Social Rejection ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Sensitivity ◽  
Age Related

Social rejection sensitivity has been proposed as a central risk factor for depression. Yet its assessment has typically been limited to offline contexts. Many of today’s social interactions, however, take place online. The aim of the current study therefore was to develop a measure to assess social rejection sensitivity in both online and offline environments. Across four separate samples including a total of 2381 individuals (12-89 years), the Online and Offline Social Sensitivity Scale was shown to offer a reliable measure of social rejection sensitivity. The study provides preliminary evidence that rejection sensitivity across online and offline social environments shows a strong association with depressive symptoms as well as maladaptive ruminative brooding. The study also showed age-related differences in social rejection sensitivity in online and offline contexts with rejection sensitivity decreasing from early adolescence to older age. The scale has the potential to advance future research aimed at understanding the role of social rejection sensitivity in mental health in a digital age.

scholarly journals Social Support and Antibody Responses to Vaccination: A Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 567-574
Author(s):  
Bert N Uchino ◽  
Joshua Landvatter ◽  
Katherine Zee ◽  
Niall Bolger
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
Antibody Levels

Abstract Background Social support and social integration have been linked to lower rates of morbidity and mortality. However, the biological mechanisms responsible for such links need greater attention. Vaccine paradigms provide an integrative window into immune system involvement in the protective influence of social support/integration. Purpose The main aim of this article was to conduct a meta-analytic review of the association between social support/social integration and antibody responses to vaccines. Exploratory analyses also examined effect sizes and confidence intervals as a function of several factors to inform future research. Method A literature search was conducted using the ancestry approach and with PsycInfo, Medline, and the Psychology and Behavioral Science Collection by crossing the exact keywords of social support or social integration with vaccine or antibodies. The review identified nine studies with a total of 672 participants. Results The omnibus meta-analysis showed that social support/social integration was related to higher antibody levels following vaccination, but the average effect size was small and the lower bound of the confidence interval included zero (Zr = 0.06 [−.04, .15]). These results did not appear to differ much as a function of the operationalization of social relationships, participant age, or follow-up period, although effect sizes appeared larger for studies using a primary antigen. Conclusions These data provide some evidence that social support may be linked to antibody responses to vaccines. However, effect sizes are mostly small and zero overall effect cannot be ruled out. Future studies would benefit from larger sample sizes and greater consideration of methodological issues associated with secondary immune responses to antigen.

Overcoming Resistance Through Narratives: Findings from a Meta-Analytic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 412-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelsea L Ratcliff ◽  
Ye Sun
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Narrative Persuasion ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
Narrative Engagement ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract To understand the mechanisms underlying narrative persuasion, a growing body of theoretical and empirical work suggests that narratives reduce audience resistance, possibly via narrative engagement. To synthesize this research, we performed a two-part meta-analysis using three-level random-effects models. Part I focused on experimental studies that directly compared narratives and non-narratives on resistance. Based on 15 effect sizes from nine experimental studies, the overall effect size was d = −.213 (equivalent r = −.107; p &lt; .001), suggesting that narratives generated less resistance than non-narratives. Part II was a synthesis of studies of the relationship between narrative engagement and resistance, consisting of 63 effect sizes from 25 studies. Narrative engagement and resistance were negatively correlated (r = −.131; p &lt; .001), and this relationship was moderated by narrative message characteristics, including genre, length, medium, and character unit. Implications of our findings and directions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Trust and Trustworthiness - A Meta-Analysis of the Trust Game and the Gift-Exchange Game

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olmo Van den Akker ◽  
Marcel A. L. M. van Assen ◽  
mark van vugt ◽  
Jelte M. Wicherts
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gift Exchange ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Trust Game ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Meta Analyses

Do men and women differ in trusting behavior? This question is directly relevant to social, economic, and political domains, yet the answer remains elusive. In this paper, we present a meta-analytic review of the literature on sex differences in the trust game and a variant, the gift-exchange game. Informed by both evolutionary and cultural perspectives, we predicted men to be more trusting and women to be more trustworthy in these games. The trust game meta-analyses encompass 77 papers yielding 174 effect sizes based on 17,082 participants from 23 countries, while the gift-exchange game meta-analyses covered 15 papers reporting 35 effect sizes based on 1,362 participants from 19 countries. In the trust game, we found men to be more trusting than women, g = 0.22, but we found no significant sex difference in trustworthiness, g = 0.09. In the gift-exchange game we found no significant sex difference in trust, g = 0.15, yet we did find that men are more trustworthy than women, g = 0.33. The results of the meta-analyses show that the behavior in both games is inconsistent. It seems that when monetary transfers are multiplied men behave more cooperatively than women, but that there are no sex differences when such a multiplier is absent. This “male multiplier effect” is consistent with an evolutionary account emphasizing men’s historical role as resource provider. However, future research needs to substantiate this effect and provide a theoretical framework to explain it.

The Limits of Ego Depletion

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 292-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Wenzel ◽  
Marina Lind ◽  
Zarah Rowland ◽  
Daniela Zahn ◽  
Thomas Kubiak
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Interindividual Variability ◽  
Ego Depletion ◽  
Crossover Design ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
Depletion Effect ◽  
Within Subjects

Abstract. Evidence on the existence of the ego depletion phenomena as well as the size of the effects and potential moderators and mediators are ambiguous. Building on a crossover design that enables superior statistical power within a single study, we investigated the robustness of the ego depletion effect between and within subjects and moderating and mediating influences of the ego depletion manipulation checks. Our results, based on a sample of 187 participants, demonstrated that (a) the between- and within-subject ego depletion effects only had negligible effect sizes and that there was (b) large interindividual variability that (c) could not be explained by differences in ego depletion manipulation checks. We discuss the implications of these results and outline a future research agenda.

Modelling a Multi-Dimensional Model of Memory Performance in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Multi-Level Meta-Analytic Review.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Persson ◽  
Alan Yates ◽  
Klaus Kessler ◽  
Ben Harkin
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
Multi Level

Even though memory performance is a commonly researched aspect of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), a coherent and unified explanation of the role of specific cognitive factors has remained elusive. To address this, the present meta-analysis examined the predictive validity of Harkin and Kessler’s (2011) Executive Function (E), Binding Complexity (B) and Memory Load (L) Classification System with regards to affected vs. unaffected memory performance in OCD. We employed a multi-level meta-analytic approach (Viechtbauer, 2010) to accommodate the interdependent nature of the EBL model and interdependency of effect sizes (305 effect sizes from 144 studies, including 4424 OCD patients). Results revealed that the EBL model predicted memory performance, i.e., as EBL demand increases, those with OCD performed progressively worse on memory tasks. Executive function was the driving mechanism behind the EBL’s impact on OCD memory performance and negated effect size differences between visual and verbal tasks in those with OCD. Comparisons of sub-task effect sizes were also generally in accord with the cognitive parameters of the EBL taxonomy. We conclude that standardised coding of tasks along individual cognitive dimensions and multi-level meta-analyses provides a new approach to examine multi-dimensional models of memory and cognitive performance in OCD and other disorders.

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