Differences Between APOE Carriers and Non-APOE Carriers on Neurocognitive Tests: Jensen Effects?

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 353-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan te Nijenhuis ◽  
Kyu Yeong Choi ◽  
Yu Yong Choi ◽  
Jang Jae Lee ◽  
Eun Hyun Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
General Intelligence ◽  
Apoe Ε4 ◽  
Neurocognitive Tests ◽  
Ε4 Allele ◽  
The Difference

Background: Being a carrier of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is a clear risk factor for development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). On some neurocognitive tests, there are smaller differences between carriers and noncarriers, while other tests show larger differences. Aims: We explore whether the size of the difference between carriers and noncarriers is a function of how well the tests measure general intelligence, so whether there are Jensen effects. Methods: We used the method of correlated vectors on 441 Korean older adults at risk for AD and 44 with AD. Results: Correlations between APOE carriership and test scores ranged from −.05 to .11 (normal), and −.23 to .54 (AD). The differences between carriers and noncarriers were Jensen effects: r = .31 and r = .54, respectively. Conclusion: A composite neurocognitive score may show a clearer contrast between APOE carriers and noncarriers than a large number of scores of single neurocognitive tests.

Apolipoprotein E ε4/4 genotype limits response to dietary induction of hyperhomocysteinemia and resulting inflammatory signaling

2022 ◽  
pp. 0271678X2110690
Author(s):  
Charles E Seaks ◽  
Erica M Weekman ◽  
Tiffany L Sudduth ◽  
Kevin Xie ◽  
Brandi Wasek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Apoe Ε4 ◽  
Perivascular Inflammation ◽  
Ε4 Allele ◽  
Barrier Breakdown ◽  
The Impact

Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) are the second leading cause of dementia behind Alzheimer’s disease. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is a lipid transporting lipoprotein found within the brain and periphery. The APOE ε4 allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late onset Alzheimer’s disease and is a risk factor for VCID. Our lab has previously utilized a dietary model of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) to induce VCID pathology and cognitive deficits in mice. This diet induces perivascular inflammation through cumulative oxidative damage leading to glial mediated inflammation and blood brain barrier breakdown. Here, we examine the impact of ApoE ε4 compared to ε3 alleles on the progression of VCID pathology and inflammation in our dietary model of HHcy. We report a significant resistance to HHcy induction in ε4 mice, accompanied by a number of related differences related to homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism and methylation cycle, or 1-C, metabolites. There were also significant differences in inflammatory profiles between ε3 and ε4 mice, as well as significant reduction in Serpina3n, a serine protease inhibitor associated with ApoE ε4, expression in ε4 HHcy mice relative to ε4 controls. Finally, we find evidence of pervasive sex differences within both genotypes in response to HHcy induction.

scholarly journals Apolipoprotein E ε4 Allele Is Associated with Reduced Retention of the “Where” Memory Component in Cognitively Intact Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-154
Author(s):  
Chia-Hsing Chi ◽  
Yen-Shiang Chiu ◽  
Yu-Ling Chang
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Apoe Ε4 ◽  
Ε4 Allele ◽  
Cognitively Intact ◽  
Verbal Episodic Memory

Abstract Objective The present study investigated the effect of the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ε4 allele on the four memory components (i.e., who, when, where, and what) among cognitively intact older adults. Methods Participants comprised 47 cognitively intact older adults, who were classified into 2 groups based on the presence or absence of at least 1 ApoE ε4 allele. All participants completed standardized neuropsychological tests, including the Logical Memory subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale-III with a revised scoring method. Results The results revealed that recollection for each component followed a pattern of who > what > when = where. Furthermore, a significant group-by-component-by-condition interaction indicated that the presence of the ApoE ε4 allele resulted in a disproportionately detrimental effect on the where component retention in the verbal episodic memory task; this finding was significantly correlated with hippocampal volumes. Conclusion These results highlighted the importance of evaluating the subcomponents of verbal episodic memory to detect subtle cognitive differences related to ApoE ε4 status, which could help elucidate the mechanism behind the cascades caused by ApoE ε4 in the trajectories of cognitive aging.

scholarly journals Decline in verbal memory during preclinical Alzheimer's disease: Examination of the effect of APOE genotype

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 943-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
KELLY L. LANGE ◽  
MARK W. BONDI ◽  
DAVID P. SALMON ◽  
DOUGLAS GALASKO ◽  
DEAN C. DELIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Apoe Genotype ◽  
Apoe Ε4 ◽  
Dementia Syndrome ◽  
Ε4 Allele

A subtle decline in episodic memory often occurs prior to the emergence of the full dementia syndrome in nondemented older adults who develop Alzheimer's disease (AD). The APOE-ε4 genotype may engender a more virulent form of AD that hastens this decline. To examine this possibility, we compared the rate of decline in episodic memory during the preclinical phase of AD in individuals with or without at least one APOE ε4 allele. Nondemented normal control (NC; n = 84) participants, nondemented older adults who subsequently developed dementia within 1 or 2 years (i.e., preclinical AD; n = 20), and patients with mild AD (n = 53) were examined with 2 commonly employed tests of episodic memory, the Logical Memory subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale–Revised and the California Verbal Learning Test. Results revealed a precipitous decline in verbal memory abilities 1 to 2 years prior to the onset of the dementia syndrome, but there was little effect of APOE genotype on the rate of this memory decline. The presence of an APOE-ε4 allele, however, did have a differential effect on the sensitivity of the 2 types of memory tests for tracking progression and made an independent contribution to the prediction of conversion to AD. (JINS, 2002, 8, 943–955.)

scholarly journals Data from a cross-sectional study on Apolipoprotein E ( APOE -ε4) and snoring/sleep apnea in non-demented older adults

Data in Brief ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 351-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeliki Tsapanou ◽  
Nikolaos Scarmeas ◽  
Yian Gu ◽  
Jennifer Manly ◽  
Nicole Schupf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Apoe Ε4

scholarly journals Shorter Telomere Length in Carriers of APOE-ε4 and High Plasma Concentration of Glucose, Glyoxal and Other Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs)

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 1894-1898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varinderpal S Dhillon ◽  
Permal Deo ◽  
Ann Chua ◽  
Phil Thomas ◽  
Michael Fenech
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Advanced Glycation End Products ◽  
Biological Aging ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Apoe Ε4 ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
Ε4 Allele

Abstract Apolipoprotein-ε4 (APOE-ε4)—common variant is a major genetic risk factor for cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD). An accelerated rate of biological aging could contribute to this increased risk. Glycation of serum proteins due to excessive glucose and reactive oxygen species leads to the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs)—a risk factor for diabetes and AD, and decline in motor functioning in elderly adults. Aim of present study was to investigate impact of APOE-ε4 allele containing genotype and accumulation of AGEs in plasma on telomere length (TL). Results showed that TL is significantly shorter in APOE-ε4 carriers compared with non-APOE-ε4 carriers (p = .0003). Higher plasma glucose level was associated with shorter TL irrespective of APOE-ε4 allele containing genotype (r = −.26; p = .0004). With regard to AGEs, higher plasma glyoxal and fluorescent AGEs concentrations were inversely related to TL (r = −.16; p = .03; r = −.28; p = .0001), however, plasma Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine levels didn't correlate with TL (r = −.04; p = .57). Results support the hypotheses that APOE-ε4 carriers have shorter telomeres than noncarriers and telomere erosion is increased with higher concentration of glucose, fluorescent AGEs, and glyoxal.

Cerebrospinal fluid β-amyloid1–42 and tau in control subjects at risk for Alzheimer’s disease: The effect of APOE ε4 allele

2004 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 670-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trey Sunderland ◽  
Nadeem Mirza ◽  
Karen T. Putnam ◽  
Gary Linker ◽  
Deepa Bhupali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Apoe Ε4 ◽  
Ε4 Allele

scholarly journals Apolipoprotein E ε4 Allele and Lorazepam Effects on Memory in High-Functioning Older Adults

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nunzio Pomara ◽  
Lisa Willoughby ◽  
Keith Wesnes ◽  
David J. Greenblatt ◽  
John J. Sidtis
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
Ε4 Allele

The apolipoprotein E ε4 allele is not a risk factor for Turkish breast cancer patients

2003 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilhan Yaylim ◽  
Nilüfer Bozkurt ◽  
Hülya Yilmaz ◽  
Turgay Isbir ◽  
Nilgün Isik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Ε4 Allele

scholarly journals Apolipoprotein E and Functional Illness in the Elderly

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Clive Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Apoe Ε4 ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions

Following on from the hypothesis of a role for the ApoE ε4 and ε2 alleles as risk and protective factors, respectively, for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) came inevitable questions regarding other psychiatric conditions of late onset including depressive illness and schizophrenia. Is ApoE ε4 a risk factor in these diseases and do carriers have an earlier age of onset? Does ApoE ε2 have a protective role, with carriers of this allele having a later age of onset?

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