Cancer and stem cells

2021 ◽  
pp. 153537022110053
Author(s):  
Wen Yin ◽  
Jialing Wang ◽  
Linling Jiang ◽  
Y James Kang
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Being the second leading cause of death globally, cancer has been a long-standing and rapidly evolving focus of biomedical research and practice in the world. A tremendous effort has been made to understand the origin of cancer cells, the formation of cancerous tissues, and the mechanism by which they spread and relapse, but the disease still remains mysterious. Here, we made an attempt to scrutinize evidences that indicate the role of stem cells in tumorigenesis and metastasis, and cancer relapse. We also looked into the influence of cancers on stem cells, which in turn represent a major constituent of tumor microenvironment. Based on current understandings of the properties of (cancer) stem cells and their relation to cancers, we can foresee that novel therapeutic approaches would become the next wave of cancer treatment.

Novel therapeutic clues in thyroid carcinomas: The role of targeting cancer stem cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1299-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Antonelli ◽  
Concettina La Motta
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Thyroid Carcinomas ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

scholarly journals The Role of Smoothened in Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo-Shyang Jeng ◽  
I-Shyan Sheen ◽  
Chuen-Miin Leu ◽  
Ping-Hui Tseng ◽  
Chiung-Fang Chang
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Colon Cancers ◽  
Stem Cell Activity ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Hh Signaling ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Smoothened (SMO) belongs to the Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway, which regulates cell growth, migration, invasion and stem cells in cancer. The HH signaling pathway includes both canonical and noncanonical pathways. The canonical HH pathway functions through major HH molecules such as HH ligands, PTCH, SMO and GLI, whereas the noncanonical HH pathway involves the activation of SMO or GLI through other pathways. The role of SMO has been discussed in different types of cancer, including breast, liver, pancreatic and colon cancers. SMO expression correlates with tumor size, invasiveness, metastasis and recurrence. In addition, SMO inhibitors can suppress cancer formation, reduce the proliferation of cancer cells, trigger apoptosis and suppress cancer stem cell activity. A better understanding of the role of SMO in cancer could contribute to the development of novel therapeutic approaches.

Overcoming Challenges of Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells: Novel Therapeutic Approaches

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 994-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristóbal Aguilar-Gallardo ◽  
Emily Cecilia Rutledge ◽  
Ana M. Martínez-Arroyo ◽  
Juan José Hidalgo ◽  
Santiago Domingo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Role of Organ Specific Cancer Stem Cells in Organ Specific Cancer Progression

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ali ◽  
Fatima Ali ◽  
Nadia Wajid
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Cancer Therapeutics ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Specific Cancer ◽  
Organ Specific

Since the cancer stem cells (CSC) have been identified in 1997 by Bonnet and Dick, more than 100,000 papers have been published on the CSC. Huge research on cancer stem cells helped the scientists to rethink about the cancer therapeutics as classic way of chemotherapy is ineffective because chemotherapy failed to kill these cells, the only reason of cancer relapse. The cancer theory of stem cells is one of the most trending theory in stem cells and cancer biology focusing on the understanding of biology of cancer cells for an enhanced and improved therapeutic approaches should be applied to cure the cancer. This mini-review is a short overview on the role of organ specific cancer stem cells in the organ specific cancer progression.

scholarly journals Curcumin Suppresses Crosstalk between Colon Cancer Stem Cells and Stromal Fibroblasts in the Tumor Microenvironment: Potential Role of EMT

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e107514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constanze Buhrmann ◽  
Patricia Kraehe ◽  
Cora Lueders ◽  
Parviz Shayan ◽  
Ajay Goel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Stromal Fibroblasts ◽  
Colon Cancer Stem Cells

Role of Tumor Microenvironment in Cancer Stem Cells Resistance to Radiotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahram Taeb ◽  
Milad Ashrafizadeh ◽  
Ali Zarrabi ◽  
Saeed Rezapoor ◽  
Ahmed Eleojo Musa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽  
Proliferation Capacity ◽  
Chronic Disorder

Abstract: Cancer is a chronic disorder that involves several elements of both the tumor and the host stromal cells. At present, the complex relationship between the various factors presents in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and tumor cells, as well as immune cells located within the TME, is still poorly known. Within the TME, the crosstalk of these factors and immune cells essentially determines how a tumor reacts to the treatment and how the tumor can ultimately be destroyed, remain dormant, or develop and metastasize. Also, in TME, reciprocal crosstalk between cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), extracellular matrix (ECM), hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) intensifies the proliferation capacity of cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs are subpopulation of cells that reside within the tumor bulk and have the capacity to self-renew, differentiate, and repair DNA damage. These characteristics make CSCs develop resistance to a variety of treatments, such as radiotherapy (RT). RT is a frequent and often curative treatment for local cancer which mediates tumor elimination by cytotoxic actions. Also, cytokines and growth factors that are released into TME, have been involved in the activation of tumor radioresistance and the induction of different immune cells, altering local immune responses. In this review, we discuss the pivotal role of TME in resistance of CSCs to RT.

scholarly journals Role of JAK/STAT3 Signaling in the Regulation of Metastasis, the Transition of Cancer Stem Cells, and Chemoresistance of Cancer by Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wook Jin
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Stat3 Signaling ◽  
Stat3 Signaling Pathway

The JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway plays an essential role in various types of cancers. Activation of this pathway leads to increased tumorigenic and metastatic ability, the transition of cancer stem cells (CSCs), and chemoresistance in cancer via enhancing the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT acts as a critical regulator in the progression of cancer and is involved in regulating invasion, spread, and survival. Furthermore, accumulating evidence indicates the failure of conventional therapies due to the acquisition of CSC properties. In this review, we summarize the effects of JAK/STAT3 activation on EMT and the generation of CSCs. Moreover, we discuss cutting-edge data on the link between EMT and CSCs in the tumor microenvironment that involves a previously unknown function of miRNAs, and also discuss new regulators of the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway.

scholarly journals Transcriptional Reprogramming and Novel Therapeutic Approaches for Targeting Prostate Cancer Stem Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Civenni ◽  
Domenico Albino ◽  
Dheeraj Shinde ◽  
Ramiro Vázquez ◽  
Jessica Merulla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Transcriptional Reprogramming ◽  
Prostate Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Novel Therapeutic
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