Nasa-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX); 20 Years Later

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 904-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra G. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Task Load ◽  
Nasa Tlx ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index

scholarly journals A-111 The Relationship between Bilingualism and Perceived Workload on the Symbol Digit Modalities Test in Traumatic Brain Injury Survivors

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 904-904
Author(s):  
Lopez-Hernandez D ◽  
Litvin P ◽  
Rugh-Fraser R ◽  
Cervantes R ◽  
Martinez F ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Language Groups ◽  
Perceived Workload ◽  
Nasa Tlx ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objective We evaluated perceived workload (measured by the NASA Task Load Index; NASA-TLX) as related to Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) performances in monolingual and bilingual traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors and healthy comparison participants (HC). Method The sample consisted of 28 TBI survivors (12 monolinguals & 16 bilinguals) and 50 HC (20 monolinguals & 30 bilinguals). SDMT written (SDMT-W) and SDMT oral (SDMT-O) were used to evaluate group differences. Results ANCOVA, controlling for age, revealed that the HC group outperformed the TBI group on SDMT-W, p = .001, and SDMT-O, p = .047. Furthermore, bilinguals outperformed monolinguals on SDMT-W, p = .017. On the NASA-TLX, an interaction emerged on temporal demand rating, p = .023, with TBI bilinguals reporting higher temporal demand on SDMT tasks compared to TBI monolinguals, while the HC monolingual participants reported higher temporal demands ratings compared to HC bilingual participants. Furthermore, monolingual participants showed higher levels of frustration with regard to the SDMT task compared to bilingual participants, p = .029. Conclusion Our data revealed TBI survivors underperformed on both SDMT trials compared to the HC participants. Also, bilingual participants demonstrated better SDMT-W performances compared to monolingual participants. Furthermore, our TBI bilingual sample reported themselves to be more rushed to complete the SDMT compared to monolingual TBI sample, but they were less frustrated. Meanwhile, our HC monolingual sample felt more rushed to complete the SDMT tasks compared to HC bilingual participants, but they were less frustrated. While we observed differences in workload ratings between language groups, it is unclear if language use, and/or other variables are driving these results.

scholarly journals Analisis Beban Kerja Menggunakan Metode Nasa - Task Load Index Pada Karyawan Telkom Applied Science School Bandung

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Santika Sari
Keyword(s):  
Applied Science ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Science School ◽  
Nasa Tlx ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index

Telkom Apllied Science Schoolmerupakan salah satu fakultas pada universitas telkom yang memiliki jumlah progam studi lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan fakultas lain. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan perhitungan beban kerja pada karyawan bidang akademik pada fakultas tersebut untuk mengetahui seberapa besar beban kerja mental yang dialami oleh karyawan dan faktor apa yang mempengaruhi  beban kerja tersebut. Pengukuran beban kerja pada karyawan bidang akademik ini dapat menentukan langkah yang tepat untuk menjaga produktivitas kerja. Salah satu metode yang dapat mengukur beban kerja mental adalah NASA-TLX. Metode ini membagi beban kerja menjadi 6 aspek elemen kerja. Dalam pengukurannya metode NASA TLX dibagi menjadi dua tahap, yaitu melakukan perbandingan tiap skala dan melakukan pemberian nilai terhadap pekerjaan. Hasil dari perhitungan NASA-TLX pada karyawan bidang akademik berada pada tingkat beban kerja yang berat. Elemen beban kerja yang paling dominan pada karyawan tersebut adalah temporal demand dan effort

scholarly journals Gestão de facilidades mediada por BIM em ambiente escolar

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Felipe Sorgini Peterlini ◽  
Regina Coeli Ruschel
Keyword(s):  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Nasa Tlx ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index

Foi realizada a avaliação de uma solução mobile, o software Autodesk BIM 360 Ops, aplicada à Gestão de Facilidades de um ambiente escolar, o bloco de salas de aula da Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Unicamp (FEC). A solução é baseada na tecnologia BIM (Building Information Modeling). Primeiramente foi analisado o atual modo de operação do departamento de Gestão de Facilidades da FEC e depois foi implementada uma solução equivalente BIM 360 Ops. Aplicouse o protocolo Nasa Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) junto aos usuários da edificação para aferir a carga de trabalho exigida na execução da tarefa de utilização do software. Conclusivamente, analisou-se a possibilidade de implementação da solução nos processos realizados pelo departamento de Gestão de Facilidades da FEC.

scholarly journals User Testing an Information Foraging Tool for Ambulatory Surgical Site Infection Surveillance

2018 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 791-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean Karavite ◽  
Matthew Miller ◽  
Mark Ramos ◽  
Susan Rettig ◽  
Rachael Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Information Foraging ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Infection Surveillance ◽  
Nasa Tlx ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index ◽  
Infection Preventionists

Background Surveillance for surgical site infections (SSIs) after ambulatory surgery in children requires a detailed manual chart review to assess criteria defined by the National Health and Safety Network (NHSN). Electronic health records (EHRs) impose an inefficient search process where infection preventionists must manually review every postsurgical encounter (< 30 days). Using text mining and business intelligence software, we developed an information foraging application, the SSI Workbench, to visually present which postsurgical encounters included SSI-related terms and synonyms, antibiotic, and culture orders. Objective This article compares the Workbench and EHR on four dimensions: (1) effectiveness, (2) efficiency, (3) workload, and (4) usability. Methods Comparative usability test of Workbench and EHR. Objective test metrics are time per case, encounters reviewed per case, time per encounter, and retrieval of information meeting NHSN definitions. Subjective measures are cognitive load using the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Task Load Index (NASA TLX), and a questionnaire on system usability and utility. Results Eight infection preventionists participated in the test. There was no difference in effectiveness as subjects retrieved information from all cases, using both systems, to meet the NHSN criteria. There was no difference in efficiency in time per case between the Workbench and EHR (8.58 vs. 7.39 minutes, p = 0.36). However, with the Workbench subjects opened fewer encounters per case (3.0 vs. 7.5, p = 0.002), spent more time per encounter (2.23 vs. 0.92 minutes, p = 0.002), rated the Workbench lower in cognitive load (NASA TLX, 24 vs. 33, p = 0.02), and significantly higher in measures of usability. Conclusion Compared with the EHR, the Workbench was more usable, short, and reduced cognitive load. In overall efficiency, the Workbench did not save time, but demonstrated a shift from between-encounter foraging to within-encounter foraging and was rated as significantly more efficient. Our results suggest that infection surveillance can be better supported by systems applying information foraging theory.

Workload differences across command levels and emergency response organizations during a major joint training exercise

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik G. Prytz, PhD ◽  
Jonas Rybing, MSc ◽  
Carl-Oscar Jonson, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Workload Measurement ◽  
High Workload ◽  
Mental Demands ◽  
Nasa Tlx ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index ◽  
Different Levels

Objective: This study reports on an initial test using a validated workload measurement method, the NASA Task Load Index (TLX), as an indicator of joint emergency exercise effectiveness. Prior research on emergency exercises indicates that exercises must be challenging, ie, result in high workload, to be effective. However, this is often problematic with some participants being underloaded and some overloaded. The NASA TLX was used to test for differences in workload between commanders and subordinates and among three different emergency response organizations during a joint emergency exercise.Design: Questionnaire-based evaluation with professional emergency responders.Setting: The study was performed in conjunction with a large-scale interorganizational joint emergency exercise in Sweden.Participants: A total of 20 participants from the rescue services, 12 from the emergency medical services, and 12 from the police participated in the study (N = 44). Ten participants had a command-level role during the exercise and the remaining 34 were subordinates.Main Outcome Measure(s): The main outcome measures were the workload subscales of the NASA TLX: mental demands, physical demands, temporal demands, performance, effort, and frustration. Results: The results showed that the organizations experienced different levels of workload, that the commanders experienced a higher workload than the subordinates, and that two out of three organizations fell below the twenty-fifth percentile of average workload scores compiled from 237 prior studies.Conclusions: The results support the notion that the NASA TLX could be a useful complementary tool to evaluate exercise designs and outcomes. This should be further explored and verified in additional studies.

scholarly journals Ageing drivers’ mental workload in real-time driving tasks based on subjective and objective measures

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3B) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Izzah Abd Rahman ◽  
◽  
Siti Zawiah Md Dawal ◽  
Nukman Yusoff ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Workload ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nasa Tlx ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index ◽  
And Control

The ageing drivers’ population is increasing rapidly, and they are exposed to disabilities due to degenerative processes, thus affecting their driving performance. The main objective of this study is to determine the mental workload of ageing drivers, while the second objective is to compare the mental workload between ageing drivers and control group. The methodology consisted of on-the-road experimental driving tasks that comprised three levels of situation complexity. The NASA-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) and electroencephalogram (EEG) were measured on 30 drivers. The NASA-TLX scores revealed that the ageing drivers’ mean physical demand score was the highest compared to others in moderately complex situation and very complex situation, scoring 37.25 and 43.50, respectively. Meanwhile, for electroencephalogram signals’ fluctuation, results showed that situation complexity had significant effects on RPθ and RPα of channel locations FZPZ and O1O2. There was a significant difference in the weighted workload scores for the ageing drivers and control group in simple situation, while there was no significant difference found in RPθ and RPα bands at all channel locations. The findings would be beneficial as a guideline for designers, manufacturers, developers, and policy makers in designing better driving environment for ageing drivers.

scholarly journals Response Complexity Reduces Errors on a Response Inhibition Task

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 787-799
Author(s):  
James Head ◽  
Matthew S. Tenan ◽  
Andrew J. Tweedell ◽  
Kyle M. Wilson ◽  
William S. Helton
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Overt Response ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Friendly Fire ◽  
Nasa Tlx ◽  
Response Task ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index

Objective The purpose of this investigation was to elucidate the role of button-response complexity to targets in a response inhibition task. Background Response inhibition is the ability to correctly inhibit an overt response to a target. The U.S. military is actively pursuing development of armed, combat robots as a force multiplier, which may present challenges to operators of combat robots in the form of response inhibition errors. Method A total of 15 participants completed two 51-min versions of a modified sustained attention to response task (SART). Participants were outfitted with an electrocardiogram to index heart-rate variability and completed the NASA–Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) to index workload. Results The results demonstrated that the complex SART reduced errors of commission (4%) and slowed response times (874 ms) to correct Go targets relative to the simple SART (14%, 739 ms). The NASA-TLX did not show differences between the modified SARTs; however, heart-rate variability did demonstrate that Soldiers had an increased autonomic stress response to the complex SART. Conclusion Increasing the behavioral response requirement during a response inhibition task can decrease errors of commission; however, it comes at the cost of slower response times to target stimuli. Heart-rate variability may provide better insight into objective workload relative to subjective measures. Application The use of complex behavioral responses may provide a viable option to reduce potential “friendly fire” or collateral damage by Soldiers remotely engaging a target-rich environment.

scholarly journals Breakfast high in whey protein or carbohydrates improves coping with workload in healthy subjects

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (9) ◽  
pp. 1712-1721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Sihvola ◽  
Riitta Korpela ◽  
Andreas Henelius ◽  
Anu Holm ◽  
Minna Huotilainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Plasma Tryptophan ◽  
Nasa Tlx ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index

Dietary components may affect brain function and influence behaviour by inducing the synthesis of neurotransmitters. The aim of the present study was to examine the influence of consumption of a whey protein-containing breakfast drink v. a carbohydrate drink v. control on subjective and physiological responses to mental workload in simulated work. In a randomised cross-over design, ten healthy subjects (seven women, median age 26 years, median BMI 23 kg/m2) participated in a single-blinded, placebo-controlled study. The subjects performed demanding work-like tasks after having a breakfast drink high in protein (HP) or high in carbohydrate (HC) or a control drink on separate sessions. Subjective states were assessed using the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX), the Karolinska sleepiness scale (KSS) and the modified Profile of Mood States. Heart rate was recorded during task performance. The ratio of plasma tryptophan (Trp) to the sum of the other large neutral amino acids (LNAA) and salivary cortisol were also analysed. The plasma Trp:LNAA ratio was 30 % higher after the test drinks HP (median 0·13 (μmol/l)/(μmol/l)) and HC (median 0·13 (μmol/l)/(μmol/l)) than after the control drink (median 0·10 (μmol/l)/(μmol/l)). The increase in heart rate was smaller after the HP (median 2·7 beats/min) and HC (median 1·9 beats/min) drinks when compared with the control drink (median 7·2 beats/min) during task performance. Subjective sleepiness was reduced more after the HC drink (median KSS − 1·5) than after the control drink (median KSS − 0·5). There were no significant differences between the breakfast types in the NASA-TLX index, cortisol levels or task performance. We conclude that a breakfast drink high in whey protein or carbohydrates may improve coping with mental tasks in healthy subjects.

scholarly journals A novel gaze-controlled flexible robotized endoscope; preliminary trial and report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Sivananthan ◽  
Alexandros Kogkas ◽  
Ben Glover ◽  
Ara Darzi ◽  
George Mylonas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Gaze Control ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Conventional Endoscopy ◽  
Minimally Invasive Surgical ◽  
Control Versus ◽  
Nasa Tlx ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index

Abstract Background Interventional endoluminal therapy is rapidly advancing as a minimally invasive surgical technique. The expanding remit of endoscopic therapy necessitates precision control. Eye tracking is an emerging technology which allows intuitive control of devices. This was a feasibility study to establish if a novel eye gaze-controlled endoscopic system could be used to intuitively control an endoscope. Methods An eye gaze-control system consisting of eye tracking glasses, specialist cameras and a joystick was used to control a robotically driven endoscope allowing steering, advancement, withdrawal and retroflexion. Eight experienced and eight non-endoscopists used both the eye gaze system and a conventional endoscope to identify ten targets in two simulated environments: a sphere and an upper gastrointestinal (UGI) model. Completion of tasks was timed. Subjective feedback was collected from each participant on task load (NASA Task Load Index) and acceptance of technology (Van der Laan scale). Results When using gaze-control endoscopy, non-endoscopists were significantly quicker when using gaze-control rather than conventional endoscopy (sphere task 3:54 ± 1:17 vs. 9:05 ± 5:40 min, p = 0.012, and UGI model task 1:59 ± 0:24 vs 3:45 ± 0:53 min, p < .001). Non-endoscopists reported significantly higher NASA-TLX workload total scores using conventional endoscopy versus gaze-control (80.6 ± 11.3 vs 22.5 ± 13.8, p < .001). Endoscopists reported significantly higher total NASA-TLX workload scores using gaze control versus conventional endoscopy (54.2 ± 16 vs 26.9 ± 15.3, p = 0.012). All subjects reported that the gaze-control had positive ‘usefulness’ and ‘satisfaction’ score of 0.56 ± 0.83 and 1.43 ± 0.51 respectively. Conclusions The novel eye gaze-control system was significantly quicker to use and subjectively lower in workload when used by non-endoscopists. Further work is needed to see if this would translate into a shallower learning curve to proficiency versus conventional endoscopy. The eye gaze-control system appears feasible as an intuitive endoscope control system. Hybrid gaze and hand control may prove a beneficial technology to evolving endoscopic platforms.

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