Development of Sensitive Performance Measures for Selection of Crews for Flight Training

1982 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 825-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward M. Connelly ◽  
Brian D. Shipley
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measures ◽  
Test System ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Flight Training ◽  
Training Systems ◽  
Student Pilots ◽  
Controlled Systems ◽  
Operational Systems ◽  
Rotary Wing

Performance of operator controlled systems is limited by our ability to measure system and component subsystem performance in a reliable and sensitive manner. Without adequate performance measures, there is no way to produce and test system designs, plan and execute training systems, or evaluate operational systems. Methods of developing these performance measures can be characterized by the way in which performance criteria are obtained. One approach which can be used when all factors that limit performance are known and quantified is an analytical method. For example, if a problem requires that an aircraft climb to a specified altitude while conserving fuel during the climb, the criterion, i.e., minimization of fuel, could be precisely defined analytically. Frequently, however, problems cannot be solved analytically, but demonstrations of superior as well as less than superior performances are available. In these cases an empirical approach can be used. This paper describes an empirical method for analyzing simulator flight data to develop weightings that permit performance discrimination between two groups of student pilots (one group of students successfully passed the initial Army rotary wing training program at Ft. Rucker, Alabama. The other group of students did not pass that training course.). The paper provides a description of the job sample (flight training) tests used to collect the data, the method for synthesizing the performance measures, and the results from using the measures to score student pilots.

Computer-Aided Generation of Performance Measures for Man-Machine Systems

1974 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward M. Connelly ◽  
Patricia A. Knoop ◽  
Francis J. Bourne ◽  
Diane G. Loental
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measures ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Test System ◽  
Training Systems ◽  
Objective Performance Measures ◽  
Operational Systems ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Machine Systems ◽  
Validation Tests ◽  
Candidate Performance

The design, application, and evaluation of man-machine systems are limited by our ability to measure system performance in a reliable and sensitive manner. Without adequate performance measures, there is no way to test system designs, to plan and execute training systems, or to effectively evaluate operational systems. Typically, measures are manually produced by selecting a set of candidate performance measures which are subsequently tested for reliability and validity. Since the measurement value of a given candidate measure is not known until these tests are complete, this process, which may be an iterative process, can be both time consuming and costly. Also, since only a few candidate measures can be investigated manually, there is a high probability that superior measures are not even considered. Automating at least some of the manual operations required can result in improved performance measures in less time and at lower cost. The performance measurement generating processor described in this paper accepts demonstration data representing various levels of performance, and under user control, analyzes the data to provide candidate performance measures. The processor also conducts validation tests and orders candidate measures according to their measurement value. Output from the FORTRAN IV processor includes results from validation tests and specifications for objective performance measures.

Simulator Cockpit Motion and the Transfer of Initial Flight Training

1975 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Jacobs ◽  
Stanley N. Roscoe
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measures ◽  
Flight Time ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Flight Training ◽  
Transfer Performance ◽  
Training Simulator ◽  
Transfer Effects ◽  
Fixed Base ◽  
Simulator Motion ◽  
Made In

Transfer of flight training from a Singer-Link GAT-2 training simulator, modified to approximate a counterpart Piper Cherokee Arrow airplane, was measured for independent groups of nine flight-naive subjects, each trained in one of three simulator cockpit motion conditions: normal washout motion in bank with sustained pitch angles, washout banking motion in which the direction of motion relative to that of the simulated airplane was randomly reversed 50% of the time as the cab passed through a wings-level attitude, and a fixed-base condition. Subjects received predetermined fixed amounts of practice in the simulator on each of 11 flight maneuvers drawn from the Private Pilot flight curriculum. Transfer performance measures, including flight time and trials to FAA performance criteria and total errors made in the process, showed reliable transfer for all groups with differential transfer effects and cost-effectiveness implications depending upon the type of simulator motion.

Self-Medication Among Ab Initio Pilots

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-171
Author(s):  
Bilal Kilic
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Ab Initio ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Flight Training ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Internet Age ◽  
Student Pilots ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
The Social

INTRODUCTION: Pilots are more aware of drugs and self-medication in the internet age. However, they are unaware of the effects of self-medication, which may impede their cognitive and decision-making performance. The aim of this study was to determine the awareness levels of ab initio (student) pilots on self-medication and factors contributing to the prevalence of self-medication among them. To the best of the authors knowledge, this is the first study examining ab initio pilots knowledge on medication use and the causality of self-medication among them.METHODS: A 17-item questionnaire was developed and administered online to 500 students across 5 flight training organizations (FTO) in Turkey. The response rate was 97/500. For the descriptive analysis of the data, SPSS (the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) was used.RESULTS: Based on the results, fear of medical disqualification and job loss is the most significant factor resulting in the prevalence of self-medication among ab initio pilots. Most of the ab initio pilots (88.7%, N 86) were aware of self-medication and its threat to flight safety. Furthermore, three factors influencing the level of awareness and knowledge of ab initio pilots on this subject were evaluated.DISCUSSION: All flight training organizations should educate ab initio pilots on the consequences of self-medication. Furthermore, ab initio pilots should be encouraged to consult an aeromedical examiner with any ailment before a flight.Kilic B. Self-medication among ab initio pilots. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2021; 92(3):167171.

The Semiotics of Cybernetic Percept-Action Systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Cariani
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measures ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Action Systems ◽  
Sign Systems ◽  
Operational Systems ◽  
Functional Sign ◽  
Physical Construction ◽  
Semantic Closure ◽  
Operational Structure

In this paper, a semiotic framework for natural and artificial adaptive percept-action systems is presented. The functional organizations and operational structures of percept-action systems with different degrees of adaptivity and self-construction are considered in terms of syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic relations. Operational systems-theoretic criteria for distinguishing semiotic, sign-systems from nonsemiotic physical systems are proposed. A system is semiotic if a set of functional sign-states can be identified, such that the system’s behavior can be effectively described in terms of operations on sign-types. Semiotic relations involved in the operational structure of the observer are outlined and illustrated using the Hertzian commutation diagram. Percept-action systems are observers endowed with effectors that permit them to act on their surrounds. Percept-action systems consist of sensors, effectors, and a coordinative part that determines which actions will be taken. Cybernetic systems adaptively steer behavior by altering percept-action mappings contingent on evaluated performance measures via embedded goals. Self-constructing cybernetic systems use signs to direct the physical construction of all parts of the system to create new syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic relations. When a system gains the ability to construct its material hardware and choose its semiotic relations, it achieves a degree of epistemic autonomy, semantic closure, and pragmatic self-direction.

Basic Attention Measures as Predictors of Success in Flight Training

1974 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. North ◽  
Daniel Gopher
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Flight Training ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Student Pilots ◽  
Preliminary Validation ◽  
Predicting Success ◽  
Flight Instructors

A two-stage study was conducted to assess the potential of a new methodological technique for measuring individual differences in basic attention capabilities and the validity of these differences in predicting success in flight training. A performance testing system included a digit-processing reaction-time task and a one-dimensional compensatory tracking task. Comparisons were made between separate and concurrent performances of these tasks, and simultaneous performances also included comparisons involving changes in task priorities. Results indicating consistent individual differences in basic attention capabilities suggest several dimensions for their description. A preliminary validation study compared scores for a group of 11 flight instructors and with a group of 32 student pilots. In addition, the student sample was dichotomized based on performance in training. There were reliable differences for both groups on combined task performance efficiency.

A Comparison of Observer and Incumbent Ratings of Situation Awareness

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 548-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Matthews ◽  
Silas G. Martinez ◽  
Jarle Eid ◽  
Bjorn Helge Johnsen ◽  
Ole Christian Boe
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measures ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Small Unit ◽  
Behavioral Rating ◽  
Training Exercises

The Situation Awareness Behavioral Rating Scale (SABARS) utilizes ratings by expert observer/controllers (O/Cs) to evaluate situation awareness (SA) of infantry small unit leaders. Previous research (Matthews et al., 2004) showed SABARS to be predictive of a variety of performance measures. The current study explored the question of whether small unit leaders could use SABARS to accurately rate their own behavior as an index of their SA. To evaluate this question, 12 Norwegian Army and Navy Academy cadets participating in the role of squad leader during summer training exercises were given the SABARS to complete following an infantry mission. An experienced officer O/C observed the cadets though the execution of the mission and also provided SABARS ratings on the squad leader. Results indicated that “self-SABARS” evaluations did not correlate with SABARS completed by O/C's, and were not predictive of performance criteria. O/C-completed SABARS were, however, predictive of performance criteria thus replicating findings reported previously (Matthews et al., 2004). Implications for assessing SA in the field are discussed.

Instructional Strategies for Improving Training System Effectiveness

1986 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-148
Author(s):  
Anthony P. Ciavarelli
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Instructional Support ◽  
Training Transfer ◽  
Training System ◽  
Training Systems ◽  
Design Goal ◽  
Effective Training ◽  
Operational Systems ◽  
System Effectiveness ◽  
Specific Learning

Advanced simulators and other training systems have been designed to replicate as realistically as possible various operational systems and environments. The rationale for this particular design goal is to attain sufficient fidelity for maximum training transfer to the real world. Yet, effective training may not only depend on attaining adequate fidelity, but also upon how a given training system is used to achieve specific learning outcomes. This paper identifies some of the salient problems with training system design and use, and discusses possible solutions for improving their training value based on incorporating instructional support capabilities and using prescriptive instructional methods.

scholarly journals A STUDY ON EMERGING ADULTHOOD IN HELLENIC AIR FORCE CADETS IN GREECE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasios Kapogiannis ◽  
Thanassis Karalis ◽  
Natassa Raikou
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Air Force ◽  
Flight Training ◽  
Student Pilots ◽  
Adult Phase ◽  
Basic Phase

This paper presents the findings of the research carried out at the Hellenic Air Force’s 120 Air Training Wing, with the objective to define the characteristics and dimensions of emerging adulthood among student pilots during the initial and basic phase of flight training, and also to investigate the extent to which these characteristics are related to the type and content of their training. As shown by comparing the findings of the research with similar studies in the Greek context, in which students have participated, student pilots seem to be crossing the threshold of adulthood much earlier than their peers who are university students. Moreover, due to the content of their training, their views on the characteristics and dimensions of adulthood focus mostly on responsibilities and duties rather than on the rights of the adult phase of life. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0743/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document