Trademark development: from stamp, mark, packaging – to certification

The purpose of the article is to perform an art history analysis to show the impact of the development of brands, trademarks, packaging, and product quality control on certification development. The research methodology consists of the application of a specific historical method to analyze the impact of the development of trademark design and the popularization of certification actions, as well as the use of a comparative analysis method and a historical and cultural approach. This will help to identify the main trends in the development of a trademark, packaging for the establishment of certification in a global context. The scientific novelty lies in an attempt to comprehend and identify the main trends in the development of a trademark and packaging, which influenced the control of product quality and the establishment of certification, which is due to historical, social, cultural processes. Conclusions. The article shows the idea of certification and its general meaning since ancient times. The analysis of literary sources is carried out, which confirms the need for branding of products by the manufacturer to obtain high quality, the development of the design of an aesthetic and functional sign, packaging, and the formation of a legislative basis for certification. Analysis of brands, trademarks, the packaging indicates the interdependence of the ancient cultural heritage and the development of these areas since the twentieth century, which influenced the improvement of certification and should affect the quality of products and design in Ukraine. Key words: brand, trademark, packaging, certification, design.

FORMATION OF MARKETING AND LOGISTICS SYSTEM OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE

Marketing and logistics are two such areas, the synergy of achieving the goals of which opens up competitive potential for the company, increases the profit margin and keeps the company’s brands in the field of customer loyalty. Modern European, American and domestic scientific developments have been thoroughly proven and disclosed in numerous publications by scientists and practitioners. However, given the globalization process, resource constraints, automation and other features of today’s Ukrainian business environment, management tools of American and European practitioners can not fully meet the needs of entrepreneurship in Ukraine. The article reveals the basic criteria of relationship between marketing and logistic. The formation mechanism of marketing and logistic system at the enterprise is provided. The recommendations of organization balanced marketing and logistic system at the enterprise for a functional sign are formulated. It is proved that the introduction of marketing and logistics services at the enterprise is most appropriate to carry out the joint efforts of enterprise management and consultants. Moreover, the task of consultants should include, on the one hand, methodological support for the restructuring of sales, marketing, logistics, and on the other hand – training the management team to modern approaches and methods of implementing marketing and logistics system in the enterprise as a whole.

Place of Middle Meatotomy in the Management of Rhinologic Chronic Sinusitis

Introduction: Middle meatotomy is an effective surgical technique in the management of chronic sinusitis rebels to medical treatment. It is an optimal therapeutic option in the face of a chronic sinusitis particularly of rhinological origin. Patients and method: It is a descriptive retrospective study over an 11-year period from January 2009 to December 2019 at the service of Otolaryngology and Cervico-facial surgery (ORL-CCF) at the Andohatapenaka University Hospital Antananarivo Madagascar. Our study includes subjects who have benefited from an average meatotomy on chronic sinusitis. Results: We collected 320 patients of average age of 33.78 years. Repetitive maxillary sinusitis and rhinogenic allergies are the determinants of chronic sinusitis. Nasal obstruction was the constant functional sign and anterior rhinoscopy revealed a red nasal mucosa with enlarged inferior turbinate. All of our patients received an incidence X-ray of Blondeau. The average meatotomy was achieved in all our patients and among them, a proportion of 12.50% of the cases operated at the same time of a medium meatotomy and opening of other meatus. Complementary turbinal surgery was used in 25% of cases. Therapeutic efficacy was assessed subjectively by the subject’s functional signs. Favourable trends were reported in 75.30% of cases. Conclusion: Chronic sinusitis is a naso-sinus condition requiring medical-surgical management. The middle meatotomy is the first step in the surgical management of chronic rhinological sinusitis rebellious to medical means.

Feature films in practice in cultural studies at a technical university

The article substantiates the relevance of the historical and culturological analysis of feature films in practical classes of the university course «Culturology» for technical specialties. Theoretical substantiations of the use of cinematography as an audiovisual source in the study of culture, as well as methodological developments of teachers of Russian universities are given. The novelty of the methodology developed by the author is shown. The description of the organization of classes, including the criteria for the selection of films, is given. Examples of practical tasks are given to consolidate the theoretical material of the university course in cultural studies in the sections of the Thematic plan – «Morphology of culture», «Culture, society, personality», «Dynamics of culture», «Socio-cultural worlds», «Culture and peoples» and topics, including: historical and spatial typology of culture; value motivations and cultural conflict; functional sign; consumer society and conspicuous consumption, «man of the mass»; elite and mass, elite and popular culture; the level of mass art and the formula model; historical and typological features of Russian culture. Examples of expected responses and results obtained are provided. The results of the five-year experience of using feature films in practice in cultural studies at a technical university are summed up: the majority of students are most successful in analyzing films of the middle level of mass art (mid-culture). The practical tasks developed by the author enable students to get acquainted with the masterpieces of Russian cinema, to some extent penetrate into the essence of the culture they represent, and also test their understanding of cultural theory. The teacher evaluates the student's ability to apply culturological theory to solve practical problems according to the level of the assignment.

Pulmonary aspergilloma: surgical outcome of 79 patients in a Moroccan center

BackgroundPulmonary aspergilloma presents in two clinical and radiological forms: simple and complex aspergilloma. Surgery is the best therapeutic option, most often by anatomic lung resection. Our aim was to report the surgical outcomes according to our experience.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on data of 79 patients operated on for pulmonary aspergilloma over a period of 10 years. There were 57 (72.15%) men and 22 women (27.84%), with a mean age of 40.45 years.ResultsTuberculosis, all-form combined, was the predominant pathological antecedent in 57 (72.15%) patients, and hemoptysis was the most frequent functional sign in 43 (54.43%). The right side was involved in 39 (49.36%) patients. All patients were operated on via a posterolateral thoracotomy, and an extrapleural plane was necessary in 40 (50.63%). The surgical procedure was a lobectomy in 38 (48.10%) patients and a pneumonectomy in 14 (17.72%). Transfusion of red blood cells was carried out in 10 (12.65%) patients, with one (1.26%) requiring a rethoracotomy for postoperative clotted hemothorax. Two (2.53%) patients presented with empyema after pneumonectomy. The mortality rate was 2.53% (2 patients), and the mean follow-up was 2.5 years.ConclusionSurgery for pulmonary aspergilloma is associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. This surgery has been performed in our department with a very acceptable rate of mortality, especially considering that all patients were operated on by open surgery.

Manual Signing in Adults With Intellectual Disability: Influence of Sign Characteristics on Functional Sign Vocabulary

Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of sign characteristics in a key word signing (KWS) system on the functional use of those signs by adults with intellectual disability (ID). Method All 507 signs from a Flemish KWS system were characterized in terms of phonological, iconic, and referential characteristics. Phonological and referential characteristics were assigned to the signs by speech-language pathologists. The iconicity (i.e., transparency, guessing the meaning of the sign; and translucency, rating on a 6-point scale) of the signs were tested in 467 students. Sign functionality was studied in 119 adults with ID (mean mental age of 50.54 months) by means of a questionnaire, filled out by a support worker. Results A generalized linear model with a negative binomial distribution (with log-link) showed that semantic category was the factor with the strongest influence on sign functionality, with grammatical class, referential concreteness, and translucency also playing a part. No sign phonological characteristics were found to be of significant influence on sign use. Conclusion The meaning of a sign is the most important factor regarding its functionality (i.e., whether a sign is used in everyday communication). Phonological characteristics seem only of minor importance.

The Semiotics of Cybernetic Percept-Action Systems

In this paper, a semiotic framework for natural and artificial adaptive percept-action systems is presented. The functional organizations and operational structures of percept-action systems with different degrees of adaptivity and self-construction are considered in terms of syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic relations. Operational systems-theoretic criteria for distinguishing semiotic, sign-systems from nonsemiotic physical systems are proposed. A system is semiotic if a set of functional sign-states can be identified, such that the system’s behavior can be effectively described in terms of operations on sign-types. Semiotic relations involved in the operational structure of the observer are outlined and illustrated using the Hertzian commutation diagram. Percept-action systems are observers endowed with effectors that permit them to act on their surrounds. Percept-action systems consist of sensors, effectors, and a coordinative part that determines which actions will be taken. Cybernetic systems adaptively steer behavior by altering percept-action mappings contingent on evaluated performance measures via embedded goals. Self-constructing cybernetic systems use signs to direct the physical construction of all parts of the system to create new syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic relations. When a system gains the ability to construct its material hardware and choose its semiotic relations, it achieves a degree of epistemic autonomy, semantic closure, and pragmatic self-direction.