Organizational Effectiveness of Computer-Aided Design

1987 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-217
Author(s):  
Douglas H. Harris ◽  
Steven M. Casey
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Effectiveness ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Specific System ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Organizational Issues ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
The Impact

A methodology for measuring the organizational effectiveness of computer-aided design (CAD) was developed and applied. A total of 295 of the 500 most frequent users of CAD in a major aerospace company provided data for the study. User-CAD effectiveness was found to be influenced by 43 major factors and 145 specific system and organizational issues. The 43 factors were classified into the following categories: system functions, system hardware, working environment, system reliability and consistency, user access, user support and training, and system administration. Indexes of User-CAD Effectiveness (UE) and System Availability and Reliability (AR) were combined into an Index of CAD Organizational Effectiveness (OE). Through the application of these methods and indexes, CAD system and organizational deficiencies can be diagnosed, potential high-payoff improvements can be identified, and the impact of developmental efforts can be assessed.

Effect of In-office Bleaching on Color, Translucency, and Whiteness Variations in CAD-CAM Monolithic Materials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
RG Fonseca ◽  
RC Peńa ◽  
R Simóes ◽  
AC Ramos ◽  
LN Dovigo
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Stain Removal ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
The Impact

SUMMARY Little is known about the impact of bleaching on the optical properties of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufactured (CAD-CAM) monolithic materials. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of one session of in-office bleaching on stain removal, staining susceptibility, translucency, and whiteness variations of CADCAM monolithic materials. Disks were fabricated from Lava Ultimate (LU), Vita Enamic (VE), Vita Suprinity (VS), and IPS e.max CAD (IPS). A spectrophotometer was used to register Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage L*a*b* coordinates. For stain removal, 80 specimens from each material were assessed at baseline (R0) and after immersion in deionized water or coffee for 365 days followed or not by bleaching with 40% hydrogen peroxide (R1). For staining susceptibility, 80 specimens from each material were analyzed at baseline (R0’), and after having been bleached or not and immersed in deionized water or coffee (R1’). Both analyses were calculated as the color difference (ΔE00) between R1-R0 and R1’-R0’, respectively. Differences in translucency (ΔTP00) and whiteness (ΔWID) between R1-R0 and R1’-R0’ were also calculated. Data were analyzed by three-way ANOVA and the Games-Howell post hoc test (α=0.05). Clinical significance was based on 50%:50% perceptibility and acceptability thresholds for ΔE00, ΔTP00 and ΔWID, respectively. Surfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Coffee increased ΔE00 in LU, VE, and VS, and decreased their translucency and whiteness, whereas the IPS had only its whiteness affected. Bleaching after immersion in coffee decreased ΔE00 in LU and VE, and increased translucency and whiteness of LU, VE, and VS. No effect was observed on IPS. Bleaching before immersion in coffee decreased translucency of LU, but within the acceptable interval, while VE exhibited lower ΔE00, and became more translucent and less dark. Both VS and IPS were not affected. One session of in-office bleaching benefited optical properties of the previously stained LU, VE, and VS, without increasing their susceptibility to staining or adversely providing clinically unacceptable variations in their translucency and whiteness. All variations exhibited by the IPS were below the perceptible threshold.

Simultaneous Computer-Aided Design of Rotational Plastic Parts

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Chong ◽  
Kiyoshi Sogabe ◽  
Kosuke Ishii
Keyword(s):  
Injection Molding ◽  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Critical Speed ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Compatibility Analysis ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Plastic Parts ◽  
Aided Design

Abstract This paper addresses the problem of balancing rotational plastic parts during the early stages of design. The study develops an interactive methodology that uses a solid modeling CAD system and considers injection molding concerns simultaneously with static and dynamic balance. The Transfer Matrix Method evaluates the dynamic characteristics by predicting the approximate critical speed of the part. Design Compatibility Analysis (DCA) checks for injection molding guidelines. Using these evaluation modules interactively, designers can develop a functional and manufacturable part quickly.

Digital Romantics

Architects ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
Thomas Yarrow
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Digital Humans ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
E Mail

In the office, computers are central to a range of tasks. The architects’ days are mostly spent at screens: checking and responding to e-mail, finding “precedent” images that provide the inspiration for design, researching building materials and new technologies, and most centrally of all using one of a range of computer-aided design packages. Watching them at work, I observe screens flicking perpetually between these programs and tasks. Observing their movements, I find it clear that these architects are thoroughly digital humans, their capacities of thought and action indissoluble from digital technologies that saturate this working environment....

Geometric Modelling and Computer-Aided Design

2009 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Xun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Geometric Modelling ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Wire Frame ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design

One of the key activities in any product design process is to develop a geometric model of the product from the conceptual ideas, which can then be augmented with further engineering information pertaining to the application area. For example, the geometric model of a design may be developed to include material and manufacturing information that can later be used in computer-aided process planning and manufacturing (CAPP/CAM) activities. A geometric model is also a must for any engineering analysis, such as finite elopement analysis (FEA). In mathematic terms, geometric modelling is concerned with defining geometric objects using computational geometry, which is often, represented through computer software or rather a geometric modelling kernel. Geometry may be defined with the help of a wire-frame model, surface model, or solid model. Geometric modelling has now become an integral part of any computer-aided design (CAD) system. In this chapter, various geometric modelling approaches, such as wire-frame, surface, and solid modelling will be discussed. Basic computational geometric methods for defining simple entities such as curves, surfaces, and solids are given. Concepts of parametric, variational, history-based, and history-free CAD systems are explained. These topics are discussed in this opening chapter because (a) CAD was the very first computer-aided technologies developed and (b) its related techniques and methods have been pervasive in the other related subjects like computer-aided manufacturing. This chapter only discusses CAD systems from the application point of view; CAD data formats and data exchange issues are covered in the second chapter.

scholarly journals Computer-aided design and Computer-aided engineering

2018 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 01115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Kolbasin ◽  
Oksana Husu
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
High Performance ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Computer Aided Engineering ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Engineering Modeling ◽  
Aided Design

In modern industrial production some of the major factors of successful development include: cost reduction of the production, im-provement of its quality, as well as help to minimise the time in market en-try. Computer-aided design and Computer-aided engineering (CAD / CAE - systems) are the most effective for implementation of these requirements. Possible use of this engineering modeling simulation in conjunction with the power and speed of high performance computing could reduce costs and time of each cycle of designing, and also significantly reduce devel-opment time. The introduction of new technologies, the use of high quality products and engagement of qualified personnel would allow businesses and organizations to get on a path of innovative development of design and production systems.

scholarly journals Application Solid Laser-Sintered or Machined Ti6Al4V Alloy in Manufacturing of Dental Implants and Dental Prosthetic Restorations According to Dentistry 4.0 Concept

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leszek A. Dobrzański ◽  
Lech B. Dobrzański ◽  
Anna Achtelik-Franczak ◽  
Joanna Dobrzańska
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Ti6al4v Alloy ◽  
Cnc Machining ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents a comparison of the impact of milling technology in the computer numerically controlled (CNC) machining centre and selective laser sintering (SLS) and on the structure and properties of solid Ti6Al4V alloy. It has been shown that even small changes in technological conditions in the SLS manufacturing variant significantly affect changes from two to nearly two and a half times in tensile and bending strengths. Both the tensile and bending strength obtained in the most favourable manufacturing variant by the SLS method is over 25% higher than in the case of cast materials subsequently processed by milling. Plug-and-play SLS conditions provide about 60% of the possibilities. Structural, tribological and electrochemical tests were carried out. In vitro biological tests using osteoblasts confirm the good tendency for the proliferation of live cells on the substrate manufactured under the most favourable SLS conditions. The use of SLS additive technology for the manufacturing of dental implants and abutments made of Ti6Al4V alloy in combination with the digitisation of dental diagnostics and computer-aided design and manufacture of computer-aided design/manufacturing (CAD/CAM) following the idea of Dentistry 4.0 is the best choice of technology for manufacturing of prosthetic and implant devices used in dentistry.

Computer-aided design versus sketching: An exploratory case study

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Veisz ◽  
Essam Z. Namouz ◽  
Shraddha Joshi ◽  
Joshua D Summers
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Cad Tools ◽  
Design Project ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis paper presents a preliminary comparison between the role of computer-aided design (CAD) and sketching in engineering through a case study of a senior design project and interviews with industry and academia. The design team consisted of four senior level mechanical engineering students each with less than 1 year of professional experience are observed while completing an industry sponsored mechanical engineering capstone design project across a 17 week semester. Factors investigated include what CAD tools are used, when in the design process they are implemented, the justification for their use from the students' perspectives, the actual knowledge gained from their use, the impact on the final designed artifact, and the contributions of any sketches generated. At each design step, comparisons are made between CAD and sketching. The students implemented CAD tools at the onset of the project, generally failing to realize gains in design efficiency or effectiveness in the early conceptual phases of the design process. As the design became more concrete, the team was able to recognize clear gains in both efficiency and effectiveness through the use of computer assisted design programs. This study is augmented by interviews with novice and experienced industry users and academic instructors to align the trends observed in the case study with industry practice and educational emphasis. A disconnect in the perceived capability of CAD tools was found between novice and experienced user groups. Opinions on the importance of sketching skills differed between novice educators and novice industry professionals, suggesting that there is a change of opinion as to the importance of sketching formed when recent graduates transition from academia to industry. The results suggest that there is a need to emphasize the importance of sketching and a deeper understanding as to the true utility of CAD tools at each stage of the design process.

Impact of Pulse Quenching Effect on Sensitive Area at Advanced Technologies

2013 ◽  
Vol 392 ◽  
pp. 693-696
Author(s):  
Wen Tao Xu ◽  
Yang Guo ◽  
Yan Kang Du
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sensitive Area ◽  
Isolation Technique ◽  
Quenching Effect ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
The Impact

The impact of pulse quenching effect on the sensitive area is evaluated by using three-dimensional technology computer-aided design (TCAD) numerical simulation. Simulation results present that the pulse quenching effect could effectively reduce the sensitive area of PMOS transistors. By adopting the off-state gate isolation technique, the sensitive area is further reduced.

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