Health Services Research

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.L. Bailit
Keyword(s):  
Underserved Populations ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Electronic Records ◽  
Services Research ◽  
Dental Services ◽  
Service Data ◽  
Dental Schools ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Senior Students

The major barriers to the collection of primary population-based dental services data are: (1) Dentists do not use standard record systems; (2) few dentists use electronic records; and (3) it is costly to abstract paper dental records. The value of secondary data from paid insurance claims is limited, because dentists code only services delivered and not diagnoses, and it is difficult to obtain and merge claims from multiple insurance carriers. In a national demonstration project on the impact of community-based dental education programs on the care provided to underserved populations, we have developed a simplified dental visit encounter system. Senior students and residents from 15 dental schools (approximately 200 to 300 community delivery sites) will use computers or scannable paper forms to collect basic patient demographic and service data on several hundred thousand patient visits. Within the next 10 years, more dentists will use electronic records. To be of value to researchers, these data need to be collected according to a standardized record format and to be available regionally from public or private insurers.

scholarly journals The use of electronic health records to examine the association between obesity and chronic conditions: Results from a population-based sample in Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suliman Alghnam ◽  
Saleh Alessi ◽  
Mohamed Bosaad ◽  
Sarah Alzahrani ◽  
Ibrahim Alalwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Electronic Records ◽  
The Past ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
The Impact

Abstract BackgroundObesity is a growing public health problem worldwide. Over the past few decades, the prevalence of obesity has increased significantly in Saudi Arabia, putting population health at an increased risk of mortality and morbidity. Because of the wide variation in previous local estimates, this study used electronic records of a population-based sample to estimate the prevalence of obesity and its association with diabetes and hypertension.MethodsThis study used records from five hospitals in the National Guard Health Affairs, which provides medical service to about a million beneficiaries. We included individuals aged 17 years or older who visited any outpatient clinic in the past four years (2016-2019). Body mass index (BMI) was measured before the doctor’s encounter. Patients were classified as diabetic or hypertensive if they had any visit during the four years, where the primary diagnosis was one of those conditions or if the patient was taking medications. The associations between obesity (BMI>30) and diabetes and hypertension were evaluated using a multiple logistic regression model adjusting for age, gender, nationality, and region.ResultsA total of 616,092 individuals were included. Of them, 55.0% were females, and the majority were Saudi nationals (93.1%). Approximately 68% of the population were either obese (38.9%) or overweight (29.30%). Obesity was more prevalent among Saudi nationals (39.8% vs. 26.7%, p<0.01) and females (45.3% vs. 31. 2%, p<0.01). Compared to those younger than 26 years of age, those older than 65 years were over 27 times more likely to have diabetes (OR= 27.3, p<0.01). In addition, obesity was independently associated with diabetes mellitus (OR= 2.24, p<0.01) and hypertension (OR= 2.15, p<0.01).ConclusionsThe prevalence of obesity in the study population was high, and more pronounced among women. Our findings call for efforts to intensify preventive measures to reduce obesity and associated conditions. Using electronic records to examine the impact of interventions to reduce obesity and chronic conditions may help monitor and improve population health.

scholarly journals Impact of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate (PCV 10) vaccination on incidence and mortality rates of pneumococcal meningitis in children under 5 in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e21310212438
Author(s):  
Mércia de França Nóbrega ◽  
Larissa Mercielly Nóbrega Medeiros ◽  
Marco Aurélio Palazzi Sáfadi
Keyword(s):  
Pneumococcal Meningitis ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Meningitis In Children ◽  
Coverage Rates ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Children Under 5

The objective of this study was to assess the impact of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate (PCV10) vaccination on the incidence and mortality of pneumococcal meningitis in children under 5 in Brazil. A descriptive ecological, population-based quantitative study of secondary data from SINAN records for 2003-2009 and 2011-2017 and on vaccine coverage for 2011-2017 was conducted. The study was approved under permit CAAE 23629719.6.0000.5181. After PCV10 vaccine introduction, a substantial consistent reduction in incidence of and mortality rates of pneumococcal meningitis (70.33% Northeast, 69.49% Southeast) was observed across all regions of Brazil. Although the Human Development Index (HDI) improved during the study period, lethality rates remained high (North = 34.45% pre versus 40.08% post-vaccination), with no clear pattern of reduction associated with improved HDI in Brazil. In the final years of the study, a concerning decline in vaccination coverage rates was evident. Only the South (96.52%) and Mid-West (96.17%) regions attained the ≥ 95% vaccine coverage recommended by the Ministry of Health. This situation highlights the need for urgent measures to restore coverage rates and prevent recrudescence in cases and deaths associated with potentially preventable diseases.

scholarly journals Rationale for a Rapid Methodology to Assess the Prevalence of Hearing Loss in Population-Based Surveys

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (18) ◽  
pp. 3405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tess Bright ◽  
Islay Mactaggart ◽  
Min Kim ◽  
Jennifer Yip ◽  
Hannah Kuper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Age Group ◽  
The Impact

Data on the prevalence and causes of hearing loss is lacking from many low and middle-income countries, in part, because all-age population-based surveys of hearing loss can be expensive and time consuming. Restricting samples to older adults would reduce the sample size required, as hearing loss is more prevalent in this group. Population-based surveys of hearing loss require clinicians to be involved in the data collection team and reducing the duration of the survey may help to minimise the impact on service delivery. The objective of this paper was to identify the optimal age-group for conduct of population-based surveys of hearing loss, balancing sample size efficiencies, and expected response rates with ability to make inferences to the all-age population. Methods: Between 2013–2014, two all aged population-based surveys of hearing loss were conducted in one district each of India and Cameroon. Secondary data analysis was conducted to determine the proportion of hearing loss (moderate or greater) in people aged 30+, 40+ and 50+. Poisson regression models were developed to predict the expected prevalence of hearing loss in the whole population, based on the prevalence in people aged 30+, 40+, and 50+, which was compared to the observed prevalence. The distribution of causes in these age groups was also compared to the all-age population. Sample sizes and response rates were estimated to assess which age cut-off is most rapid. Results: Of 160 people in India and 131 in Cameroon with moderate or greater hearing loss, over 70% were older than 50 in both settings. For people aged 30+ (90.6% India; 76.3% Cameroon), 40+ (81% India; 75% Cameroon) and 50+ (73% India; 73% Cameroon) the proportions were higher. Prediction based on Poisson distributed observations the predicted prevalence based on those aged 30+, 40+, and 50+ fell within the confidence intervals of the observed prevalence. The distribution of probable causes of hearing loss in the older age groups was statistically similar to the total population. Sample size calculations and an analysis of response rates suggested that a focus on those aged 50+ would minimise costs the most by reducing the survey duration. Conclusion: Restricting the age group included in surveys of hearing loss, in particular to people aged 50+, would still allow inferences to be made to the total population, and would mean that the required sample size would be smaller, thus reducing the duration of the survey and costs.

A PROPOSED EVALUATION PLAN TO ASSESS THE IMPACT OF A YOUTH DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME FACILITATED BY THE STATE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AGENCY (SITA) IN RURAL SOUTH AFRICA

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-181
Author(s):  
Maura Mbunyuza-deHeer Menlah
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Youth Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The State ◽  
State Information ◽  
Evaluation Plan ◽  
Lessons Learnt ◽  
Slow Development ◽  
The Impact

This article reports on a proposed evaluation plan that has been developed to assess the work done by the State Information Technology Agency (SITA). The SITA programme was implemented in response to the South African government’s call to improve the lives of the populations in some rural areas through technology. The programme was meant to address slow development in  rural  areas  that  lack  technological  innovations  and  advances.  In  the proposed evaluation plan a review is made of secondary data, deciding how strategic priorities are to be determined, as well as analysis of the rural context environment. The researcher gives an account of how the evaluation strategies are to be piloted and rolled out thereafter. Lessons learnt are recorded and reported upon. A proposed evaluation plan will be developed, based on the lessons learnt in line with the objectives of the project.

PENGARUH PELATIHAN, KOMPETENSI, MOTIVASI DAN KEPEMIMPINAN TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI DENGAN PENDIDIKAN SEBAGAI PEMODERATOR PADA BALAI PENDIDIKAN DAN PELATIHAN APARATUR KEMENTERIAN KELAUTAN DAN PERIKANAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
Wahyu Yulianto
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Performance Appraisal ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Training Centre ◽  
Competence Motivation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mediator Variable

The study purpose is to analyse the impact of training, competence, motivation and leadership towards performance either directly or through job satisfaction as a mediator variable. As many as 55 staff are considered as respondents in this research, and census method is used as the sampling method. Primary data in this study were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using Likert Scale. Secondary data are obtained from the organization structure Sukamandi Apparatus Training Centre (BDA), performance appraisal, staff attendance, information system and personnel management. Structural Equation Modeling Analisis of Moment Structures (SEM-AMOS) is used to process and analyze data. This study shows staff with high education, competence and leadership have a significant effect on performance, While the job satisfaction is significant in mediating the influence of training, competence and leadership on performance. Next on the employee with low education, training, competence, motivation and leadership have a significant influence on performance, while job satisfaction is significant in mediating the effect of competence and leadership on staff performance.   Keywords:  training, competence, motivation, leadership, job satisfaction, performance

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