scholarly journals Exploring Condom Use Behaviors Among African American Adolescent Boys in the Deep South

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 155798832110090
Author(s):  
Jessica Thames Chambliss ◽  
Retta Evans ◽  
Anneliese Bolland ◽  
Martha S. Wingate ◽  
John M. Bolland
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Deep South ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
African American Adolescent ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Increased Risk

Risky sexual behaviors among adolescents can increase adverse outcomes including unplanned pregnancy or contraction or transmission of disease. Adolescents who engage in risky sexual activities are at increased risk for adverse health and social outcomes compared to those who do not engage. Despite declines in adolescent pregnancy and birth rates, the diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is steadily increasing among adolescents. Moreover, African American adolescent boys in the United States, specifically in the southeastern region are disproportionally at greater risk for STIs, and STI diagnosis within this population has increased over time, compared to their white counterparts. This study sought to identify factors associated with condom use among adolescent boys in the Deep South. Using data from the Mobile Youth Survey, a longitudinal adolescent community-based survey, this study assessed the relationship between personal, behavioral, and environmental factors and condom use among African American adolescent boys (14–19 years). Younger participants (14–15 and 16–17) were more likely to use a condom during the last sexual intercourse compared to older participants (18–19 years). High positive attachment to boy/girlfriend was associated with increased condom use. The number of sexual partners, age at their first sexual encounter, recent sexual behavior, and having an STI were also associated with increased condom use among participants. The study provides further insights into factors associated with condom use among African American adolescent boys and results can inform the development of sexual health interventions.

Social Media Preference and Condom Use Behaviors: An Analysis of Digital Spaces With Young African American Males

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-198
Author(s):  
Jade C. Burns ◽  
Shawtaabdee Chakraborty ◽  
Denise Saint Arnault
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
African American ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
African American Males ◽  
African American Adolescents ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Care Providers

Background. African American adolescents and young adults have an increased likelihood of engaging in risky sexual behaviors. With rising rates of sexually transmitted infections among this population, deeper consideration is now being focused on using social media to engage, educate, and improve sexual behavior in this group. Purpose. To determine why social media is useful and how it may affect the attitude, norms, and perceived behavioral control on condom use among young African American males (YAAMs) ages 18 to 21. Method. Group-depth interviews ( n = 41, mean age = 19, SD = 1.2) were conducted in metro Detroit to understand and describe the who, what, where, why, and how regarding social media use and preference among YAAMs) ages 18 to 21, and their condom use behaviors. Results. The most popular reasons for using social media were for educational purposes, entertainment, browsing the site, self-expression, seeking out or maintaining relationships with friends and family, and social justice. YouTube was stated as the easiest site to promote condom use education. YAAMs would seek out condom use education on social media sites if someone respected in the community or someone famous promoted condom use messages on the sites or if it was used to show where condoms were available for free or for purchase. Conclusion. Understanding how YAAMs use social media may help researchers design better questions to address disparities within this population. More important, it can help health care providers, families, and the community promote healthy behaviors and lifestyle changes among YAAMs.

scholarly journals Individual and contextual factors associated with sexual initiation among adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milene Fontana Furlanetto ◽  
Dienifer Mattos Ghedin ◽  
Tonantzin Ribeiro Gonçalves ◽  
Angela Helena Marin
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Sexual Initiation ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Inconsistent Condom ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Inconsistent Condom Use

AbstractAdolescent sexual practices have been widely investigated as experiences that pose potential risks for health. The present study, therefore, aimed to investigate individual and contextual factors associated with sexual initiation, sexual activity before the age of 15 years, and inconsistent condom use. A total of 253 adolescents aged 11 to 18 years, from public schools in the capital and metropolitan region of Rio Grande do Sul, were interviewed. They answered a questionnaire covering sociodemographic data and sexual behaviors and completed the Perception of Family Support Inventory. The data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics and it was verified that both individual (higher level of education, school repetition, and use of licit and illicit substances) and contextual factors (perception of less affective-consistent support and greater autonomy from the family) were related to sexual initiation among adolescents. The associations found for the groups with sexual initiation before and after 15 years of age were similar, indicating that age did not increase the exposure to risks. Inconsistent condom use was related to the use of tobacco and other drugs. Taken together, the results indicated the co-occurrence of risk behaviors, such as sexual risks and substance abuse, as well as highlighting some family characteristics as protective factors.

Abstract 15312: Racial Disparities in Trends in Mortality From Cardiac Arrests in the United States

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anas M Al Zubaidi ◽  
Graham Bevan ◽  
Mariam Rana ◽  
Abdul Rahman Al Armashi ◽  
Mustafa Alqaysi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Census Data ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: African Americans are at increased risk of fatal cardiac arrests, but population-based studies exploring contemporary epidemiology are not available. We sought to identify the trend in race-specific mortality from cardiac arrest in the United States. Methods: Using the multiple cause of death database, we identified all patients (Caucasians or African Americans) who died of cardiac arrest (International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision code I46.x listed as underlying cause of death) between 1999 and 2018. Age-adjusted mortality rates were standardized to the 2000 US census data, and stratified by age group (<35 years, 35-64 years, and ≥ 65 years). Results: A total of 311,065 cardiac arrest deaths were identified, with an overall age-adjusted mortality of 53.6 per million (Caucasian: 49.1 per million, African American: 90.6 per million). Overall, age-adjusted mortality decreased from 80.1 per million persons (1999) to 44.3 per million persons (2012), followed by 8.8% increase to 48.2 (2018). Between 2012 and 2018, African Americans had higher rates of increase (10.9%) compared with Caucasians (6.9%). Largest disparities in relative changes between 2012 and 2018 occurred in patients younger than 35 years (African American: 35%, Caucasians -11%), and patients ≥ 65 years (African Americans: 8%, Caucasians 4%), figure. Conclusions: Although the mortality due to cardiac arrest has declined in the US between 1999 and 2012, a recent increase has been noted between 2012 and 2018, particularly among younger African Americans. Studies should focus on identifying causes of disparities and identifying methods to reduce the racial gap.

scholarly journals Sexually transmitted infections and sexual behaviors of men who have sex with men in an American Deep South PrEP clinic

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronnie M Gravett ◽  
Andrew O Westfall ◽  
Edgar T Overton ◽  
Kachina Kudroff ◽  
Christina A Muzny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Deep South ◽  
Multiple Sexual Partners ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Sex With Men

HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) effectively prevents HIV acquisition among men who have sex with men (MSM), but PrEP uptake has been associated with sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The effect of PrEP on STIs in MSM in the Deep South of the United States is unknown. We performed a retrospective analysis of adult MSM at an American Deep South PrEP clinic to calculate the prevalence and incidence rate of bacterial STIs (chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis) and identify associated risk factors by linking incident STI to patient-reported outcomes; 139 MSM accessed the clinic between 2014 and 2018 with baseline bacterial STI prevalence of 11%. Twenty-six of 81 eligible MSM on PrEP had incident STIs with an incidence rate of 33.1 cases per 100 person-years. Significantly higher proportions of high PrEP adherence, multiple sexual partners, and inconsistent condom use were seen in those with incident STI, and we identified MSM with both high PrEP adherence and multiple sexual partners as being at especially high risk for bacterial STIs (hazard ratio: 7.57, 95% confidence interval: 1.75–32.74). Bacterial STIs are common after initiating PrEP in this clinic, and MSM reporting high PrEP adherence and multiple sexual partners have a significant risk for incident STI. High-risk sexual behaviors persisted after starting PrEP, highlighting the importance of ongoing, intensive sexual health screening and interventions.

scholarly journals 352. Characteristics Associated with Pre-Frailty in Older People Living with HIV

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S186-S186
Author(s):  
Peter Mazonson ◽  
Theoren Loo ◽  
Jeff Berko ◽  
Sarah-Marie Chan ◽  
Ryan Westergaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Older People ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background Frailty is a concern among older people living with HIV (PLHIV). There is a paucity of research characterizing PLHIV who are at risk of becoming frail (pre-frailty). To investigate how HIV impacts older PLHIV in the United States, a new study called Aging with Dignity, Health, Optimism and Community (ADHOC) was launched at ten sites to collect self-reported data. This analysis uses data from ADHOC to identify factors associated with pre-frailty. Methods Pre-frailty was assessed using the Frailty Index for Elders (FIFE), where a score of zero indicated no frailty, 1–3 indicated pre-frailty, and 4–10 indicated frailty. A cross-sectional analysis was performed on 262 PLHIV (age 50+) to determine the association between pre-frailty and self-reported sociodemographic, health, and clinical indicators using bivariate analyses. Factors associated with pre-frailty were then included in a logistic regression analysis using backward selection. Results The average age of ADHOC participants was 59 years. Eighty-two percent were male, 66% were gay or lesbian, and 56% were white. Forty-seven percent were classified with pre-frailty, 26% with frailty, and 27% with no frailty. In bivariate analyses, pre-frailty was associated with depression, low cognitive function, depression, multiple comorbidities, low income, low social support and unemployment (Table 1). In the multiple logistic regression analysis, pre-frailty was associated with having low cognitive function (Odds Ratio [OR] 8.56, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 3.24–22.63), 4 or more comorbid conditions (OR 4.00, 95% CI: 2.23–7.06), and an income less than $50,000 (OR 2.70, 95% CI: 1.56–4.68) (Table 2). Conclusion This study shows that commonly collected clinical and sociodemographic metrics can help identify PLWH who are more likely to have pre-frailty. Early recognition of factors associated with pre-frailty among PLHIV may help to prevent progression to frailty. Understanding markers of increased risk for pre-frailty may help clinicians and health systems better target multi-modal interventions to prevent negative health outcomes associated with frailty. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Awareness of Human Papillomavirus Among College Students in South Carolina

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 117863371882507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salima Kasymova ◽  
Sayward E Harrison ◽  
Caroline Pascal
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Deep South ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
Hpv Knowledge ◽  
Increased Risk

Despite the existence of a safe and effective vaccine, human papillomavirus (HPV) remains prevalent in the United States, with late adolescence and early adulthood being periods of increased risk. Thus, targeting college-aged individuals for HPV prevention and vaccination promotion is critical—particularly in regions such as the Deep South where vaccination rates remain low. This study sought to examine awareness and knowledge of HPV as well as experiences and attitudes regarding HPV vaccination among college students in the Deep South. Specifically, we completed a cross-sectional survey of 256 undergraduate students from a large public university in South Carolina. Although a majority of participants were aware of HPV, significant knowledge gaps existed, particularly regarding prevention, symptoms, and consequences of HPV infection. Participants were also largely unaware of men’s susceptibility for negative HPV outcomes. Multivariate regression modeling was used to identify predictors of HPV knowledge, with results indicating that participants who were female and white, as well as those who were vaccinated, had higher levels of HPV knowledge. Findings highlight the need for comprehensive HPV education on college campuses and offer insights to priority populations that may be appropriate focuses of efforts to increase HPV knowledge and vaccination rates.

An Evaluation of Sisters Informing Healing Living Empowering: Increasing HIV Knowledge Among African American Adolescent Females Using an Evidence-Based HIV Prevention Intervention

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthera McNeill ◽  
Nancy George ◽  
Raenita Glover
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Adolescent Females ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Sexual Health Education ◽  
Hiv Knowledge ◽  
African American Adolescent ◽  
Hiv Epidemic

Background: In Detroit, Michigan, 85% of HIV cases are among African American youth. Approximately 53.4% of African American high school females have had sexual intercourse; 44.7% did not use a condom during the last sexual encounter. School-based sexual health education may be limited regarding HIV prevention. Sexual health education that is culturally and gender-specific is needed to provide knowledge that may impact condom self-efficacy and address the HIV epidemic among African American adolescents in Detroit. Community-based organizations may be used to implement an evidence-based educational intervention. Methods: A 1-group, pretest/posttest design was used to evaluate knowledge of HIV and condom use among 11 African American adolescent females who participated in an evidence-based intervention, Sisters Informing Healing Living Empowering (SIHLE), during 3-hr sessions over 4 consecutive Saturdays. There was 100% attendance among participants for all sessions. Knowledge of HIV and condom use was measured with a 16-item true/false survey before and after the intervention. Results: A significant difference between HIV knowledge at pretest and HIV knowledge at posttest was noted, z = −2.322, p = .02. Conclusion: Nurses and community stakeholders can be instrumental in addressing the HIV epidemic by implementing evidence-based interventions that increase knowledge of HIV prevention and condom use.

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