scholarly journals The Use of a 3-Dimensional Computed Tomography Bone Database to Evaluate the Risk of Distal Contact between the Rasp Tip and the Endosteal Cortical Bone

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-316
Author(s):  
Emmalynn Connor ◽  
Jonathan G Cowie ◽  
Thies Wuestemann ◽  
Jonathan R Howell ◽  
Sarah L Whitehouse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Femoral Canal ◽  
Femoral Offset ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Femoral Cortex ◽  
Flare Index ◽  
To Receive

Purpose To use a 3-dimensional computed tomography (CT) bone database to evaluate the risk of distal contact between the rasp tip and the endosteal cortical bone. Methods Using a 3-dimensional CT bone database, the rasps for Exeter stems of 125 mm in length and body size 1, with a femoral offset of 37.5, 44, or 50 mm were compared with those for Exeter stems of 150 mm in length and same body size with the corresponding femoral offset. Rasp geometry was determined using an engineering drawing software. Results Of the 631 femurs in the database, 238 (187 Caucasian and 51 Asian) were of appropriate femoral offset and proximal body size to receive a stem with an offset of 37.5, 44, or 50 mm. Of these, 145 (115 Caucasian and 30 Asian) femurs were of champagne-flute type; the prevalence was comparable between the 2 populations (61% vs. 59%, p=0.729). When using the 150-mm rasp, 70 (55 Caucasian and 15 Asian) of the 238 femurs had distal contact between the rasp and femoral cortex; the prevalence was comparable between the 2 populations (29% vs. 29%, relative risk=1.0, p=1.0). Distal contact between the rasp and femoral cortex occurred more commonly in champagne-flute-type femurs than other femurs in the anteroposterior plane (28% [41/145] vs. 2% [2/93], relative risk=13.1, p<0.001) and in the mediolateral plane (27% [39/145] vs. 14% [13/93], relative risk=1.92, p=0.019). When using the 125-mm rasp, only one femur (with a canal flare index of 4.52) had distal contact in the mediolateral plane with an offset of 37.5 mm. Distal contact between the rasp and femoral cortex occurred more often with the 150-mm rasp than the 125-mm rasp in both planes (p<0.001). Conclusion The use of a shorter stem may enhance anatomic fit in patients with a narrow femoral canal and prevent distal contact between the rasp and femoral cortex.

scholarly journals Visualization Ability of Phase-Contrast Synchrotron-Based X-Ray Imaging Using an X-Ray Interferometer in Soft Tissue Tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 153303382110101
Author(s):  
Thet-Thet Lwin ◽  
Akio Yoneyama ◽  
Hiroko Maruyama ◽  
Tohoru Takeda
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
X Ray ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
X Ray Computed

Phase-contrast synchrotron-based X-ray imaging using an X-ray interferometer provides high sensitivity and high spatial resolution, and it has the ability to depict the fine morphological structures of biological soft tissues, including tumors. In this study, we quantitatively compared phase-contrast synchrotron-based X-ray computed tomography images and images of histopathological hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections of spontaneously occurring rat testicular tumors that contained different types of cells. The absolute densities measured on the phase-contrast synchrotron-based X-ray computed tomography images correlated well with the densities of the nuclear chromatin in the histological images, thereby demonstrating the ability of phase-contrast synchrotron-based X-ray imaging using an X-ray interferometer to reliably identify the characteristics of cancer cells within solid soft tissue tumors. In addition, 3-dimensional synchrotron-based phase-contrast X-ray computed tomography enables screening for different structures within tumors, such as solid, cystic, and fibrous tissues, and blood clots, from any direction and with a spatial resolution down to 26 μm. Thus, phase-contrast synchrotron-based X-ray imaging using an X-ray interferometer shows potential for being useful in preclinical cancer research by providing the ability to depict the characteristics of tumor cells and by offering 3-dimensional information capabilities.

scholarly journals Utility of 3-dimensional transoesophageal echocardiography for mitral annular sizing in transcatheter mitral valve replacement procedures: a cardiac computed tomography comparative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Coisne ◽  
F Pontana ◽  
S Aghezzaf ◽  
S Mouton ◽  
H Ridon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Mitral Valve Replacement ◽  
Cardiac Computed Tomography ◽  
Transoesophageal Echocardiography ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Ct Measurements ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background.  3-dimensional transoesophageal echocardiography (3D-TEE) is frequently used as an initial screening tool in the evaluation of patients who are candidates to Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement (TMVR). However, little is known about the imaging correlation with the gold-standard computed tomography (CT) imaging. We aimed at testing the quantitative differences between these two modalities and finding the best 3D-TEE parameters for TMVR screening. Methods. We included 57 patients referred to our Heart Valve Clinic for TMVR with prostheses specifically designed for the mitral valve. Mitral annulus (MA) analyses were performed using commercially available software in 3D-TEE and CT. Results. 3D-TEE was feasible in 52 patients (91%). Although 3D-TEE measurements were slightly lower than in CT, both measurements of projected MA area and perimeter showed excellent correlation with small differences between the two modalities (r = 0.88 and r = 0.92 respectively, p &lt; 0.0001). Correlations were significant but lower for MA diameters (r = 0.68 to 0.72, p &lt; 0.0001) and mitro-aortic angle (r = 0.53, p = 0.0001). ROC curve analyses showed that 3D-TEE had a good ability to predict TMVR screening success defined by constructors based on CT measurements with a range of 12.9 to 15cm² for MA area (AUC = 0.88-0.91, p &lt; 0.0001), 128 to 139mm for MA perimeter (AUC = 0.85-0.91, p &lt; 0.0001), 35 to 39mm for anteroposterior diameter (AUC = 0.79-0.84 p &lt; 0.0001) and 37 to 42mm for posteromedial-anterolateral diameter (AUC = 0.81-0.89, p &lt; 0.0001) (Figure 1). Conclusion. 3D-TEE measurements of MA dimensions display strong correlation with CT measurements in patients undergoing TMVR screening process. 3D-TEE should be proposed as a reasonable alternative to CT in this vulnerable population. Abstract Figure.

Reexamination of Pelvic Inlet and Outlet Images Using 3-Dimensional Computed Tomography Reconstructions

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 324-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Pekmezci ◽  
Philip Rotter ◽  
Paul Toogood ◽  
Saam Morshed ◽  
Utku Kandemir
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Pelvic Inlet
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