scholarly journals Science and Suspicion: Maxim Gorky’s Children of the Sun as a Critical Mirror in Times of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
pp. 174387212096805
Author(s):  
Hub Zwart
Keyword(s):  
Applied Research ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Global Competition ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Science And Society ◽  
Global North ◽  
Contemporary Perspective ◽  
Basic And Applied Research ◽  
Maxim Gorky ◽  
The Relationship

From a contemporary perspective, the current COVID-19 pandemic is undoubtedly an extraordinary event, but historically speaking pandemics are periodically recurring phenomena and intimately connected with socio-economic processes of globalisation. Therefore, history may serve as a backdrop for coming to terms with the present, by comparing current challenges with previous events that are both sufficiently similar and sufficiently different. In this article, the COVID-19 crisis will be assessed from a humanities perspective, using a pandemic drama entitled Children of the Sun (written by Russian novelist and playwright Maxim Gorky in 1905) as a critical mirror. In Gorky’s play, the pandemic as a disruptive event reveals a number of tensions and divides, between science and society first of all, but also between socio-economic classes and subcultures, which become interconnected through globalisation but evolve at an uneven pace. Thus, Gorky’s drama addresses a number of themes that are still relevant for COVID-19 controversies, such as the relationship between basic and applied research, global competition and vaccine development, science and suspicion, and the socio-economic unevenness between the global North and the global South.

scholarly journals The relationship between basic and applied research in universities

2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter James Bentley ◽  
Magnus Gulbrandsen ◽  
Svein Kyvik
Keyword(s):  
Applied Research ◽  
Basic And Applied Research ◽  
The Relationship

An assessment of funding and publication rates in Herpetology

2019 ◽  
pp. 262-273
Author(s):  
Bruno Ferronato
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Study ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Publication Rates ◽  
Conservation Effort ◽  
Data Deficient ◽  
Basic And Applied Research ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Currently, herpetofauna worldwide is facing enormous threats; the number of threatened species is increasing at an alarming rate and many species have gone extinct. Despite efforts of institutions and researchers to understand and address the causes of declines and raise awareness of herpetofauna conservation, there has been no systematic study to evaluate the allocation of funding for basic and applied research relevant to conservation, relative publication rates, and the relationship of these measures to a degree of threat among herpetological groups. This study addresses this gap and identifies strengths and weaknesses of herpetological research and conservation over the last 10 years (2008-2018). Frogs had the highest grant-publication index (1384), followed by lizards (695), turtles (678), snakes (461.5), salamanders (366.5), crocodiles (164), caecilians (25.5), worm lizards (23) and tuatara (10). Nonetheless, when the grant-publication index is divided by the number of threatened and data-deficient species within each group, it demonstrates that, proportionally and in ascending order, salamanders, snakes, lizards, worm lizards, frogs and caecilians are in most need of knowledge and on-going funding for their conservation and survival. I was able to document a continued shift in attention in herpetological research owing to the emergence of chytridiomycosis and the global decline of amphibians. Despite some caveats, these findings should represent a proxy for the allocation of research and conservation effort on herpetofauna worldwide. I suggest priorities for research and how to better direct efforts to herpetofauna conservation.

scholarly journals Meeting report from the Third European Congress of Virology, 1-5 September 2007 in Nuremberg, Germany

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 15-16
Author(s):  
Collective Editorial team
Keyword(s):  
Applied Research ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Editorial Team ◽  
Meeting Report ◽  
The Third ◽  
European Congress ◽  
Pathogenic Viruses ◽  
Basic And Applied Research ◽  
The Many

Nuremberg was the third European city to host the European Congress of Virology in September this year (http://www.eurovirology.org). Some 1,500 scientists from Europe and elsewhere came together to share their knowledge on basic and applied research in clinical, veterinary and plant virology. The main focus was on human pathogenic viruses, providing a platform where basic research and clinical application came into contact. The topics covered all areas of research in virology, from basic molecular biology and immunology to epidemiology, vaccine development, and diagnostics. For this meeting report, the Editorial team has selected some of our highlights out of the many excellent keynote lectures and workshop contributions.

Coolness: An Empirical Investigation

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilan Dar-Nimrod ◽  
I. G. Hansen ◽  
T. Proulx ◽  
D. R. Lehman ◽  
B. P. Chapman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Quantitative Investigation ◽  
North Americans ◽  
Basic And Applied Research ◽  
The Relationship

Some people are routinely described as “cool,” but it is unknown whether this descriptor conveys trait-like information beyond mere likability or popularity. This is the first systematic quantitative investigation of coolness from a trait perspective. Three studies of North Americans (N = 918) converged to identify personality markers for coolness. Study 1 participants described coolness largely by referring to socially desirable attributes (e.g., social, popular, talented). Study 2 provided further evidence of the relationship between coolness and social desirability, yet also identified systematic discrepancies between valuations of coolness and social desirability. Factor analyses (Studies 2 and 3) indicated that coolness was primarily conceptualized in terms of active, status-promoting, socially desirable characteristics (“Cachet coolness”), though a second orthogonal factor (“Contrarian coolness”) portrayed cool as rebellious, rough, and emotionally controlled. Study 3, which examined peer valuations of coolness, showed considerable overlap with abstract evaluations of the construct. We conclude that coolness is reducible to two conceptually coherent and distinct personality orientations: one outward focused and attuned to external valuations, the other more independent, rebellious, and countercultural. These results have implications for both basic and applied research and theory in personality and social psychology.

scholarly journals The ‘neglected’ chemistry: Fuels and materials preparation in China’s ‘two bombs and one satellite’ project

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-167
Author(s):  
Jing Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Science Policy ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Scientific Practice ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Modern China ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Cultural Variation ◽  
Basic And Applied Research ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Materials Preparation

The ‘two bombs and one satellite’ project was a major achievement of China after 1949 and has since been an important subject in historical and sociological research on science and technology in modern China. However, most accounts of the history or sociology of the project focus on physicists and engineers, rather than the chemists. This study examines the chemists’ work of preparing fuels and materials in the project and their post-project research. By analysing how Chinese scientists engaged in the project, how they understood the relationship between basic and applied research in their scientific practice and how they positioned themselves on issues of science policy, this article offers different and shifting concepts of basic and applied research with cultural variation in the context of China.

Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Among Youth

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Bryant Miller ◽  
Maya Massing-Schaffer ◽  
Sarah Owens ◽  
Mitchell J. Prinstein
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Evidence Based Treatment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Assessment Techniques ◽  
Basic And Applied Research ◽  
Nonsuicidal Self Injury

Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is direct, intentional harm to one’s own body performed without the intent to die. NSSI has a marked developmental onset reaching peak prevalence in adolescence. NSSI is present in the context of multiple psychological disorders and stands alone as a separate phenomenon. Research has accumulated over the past several decades regarding the course of NSSI. While great advances have been made, there remains a distinct need for basic and applied research in the area of NSSI. This chapter reviews prevalence rates, correlates and risk factors, and leading theories of NSSI. Further, it reviews assessment techniques and provides recommendations. Then, it presents the latest evidence-based treatment recommendations and provides a case example. Finally, cutting edge research and the next frontier of research in this area are outlined.

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