The importance of dignity and choice for people assessed as having intellectual disabilities

2020 ◽  
pp. 174462952090520
Author(s):  
Savra Anne Frounfelker ◽  
Anne Bartone
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Group Settings ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Constant Comparative Method ◽  
Day Habilitation ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach

Individuals assessed as having an intellectual disability often spend a significant amount of time in day treatment/day habilitation programs after they graduate from school. The quality of these programs varies widely and is not federally legislated. The purpose of the current study is both to explore factors that lead to higher satisfaction for participants in these programs and to better understand what participants want in a program. Using a grounded theory approach, researchers interviewed 25 participants, staff, and family members in focus group settings to collect qualitative data. Interviews focused on what worked and what could be improved at a program located in Western New York. Using the constant comparative method, themes emerged from the data that pointed to the importance of dignity and choice in a day program to facilitate empowerment, higher levels of satisfaction and self-confidence.

The Experience of Occupational Disruption among Student Musicians

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 140-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon McCready ◽  
Denise Reid
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Constant Comparative Method ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Major Occupation

Student musicians frequently need to take breaks from playing their instruments because of physical playing-related injuries, yet little is known about their experiences with these occupational disruptions. We conducted a qualitative study that explored student musicians' lived experiences with unplanned disruptions stemming from engagement in their major occupation of playing an instrument. In-depth interviews with seven student musicians who attended either a special arts high school or a university were conducted. Consistent with a grounded theory approach to qualitative research, the constant comparative method of qualitative data analysis was implemented. A major finding related to the theme of “being and becoming,” where student musicians expressed a strong sense of belonging to a group of other like musicians who they learned from, relied on for support, and created music with. Another theme was motivation to excel, where students expressed a strong desire and motivation to improve and master their instrument. Occupational tensions and pressures emerged as another theme. Students were aware of the need to practice and the need to care for their bodies. A constant negotiation was required in which students struggled to find a good balance between the need to practice and to respect their bodies while maintaining an identity of a musician. These findings are discussed in relation to how health care providers and educators need to understand the demands and stresses associated with playing an instrument so that they can better support these young musicians.

scholarly journals The experience of family caregivers of patients with cancer in an Asian country: A grounded theory approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 676-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Sinta Kristanti ◽  
Christantie Effendy ◽  
Adi Utarini ◽  
Myrra Vernooij-Dassen ◽  
Yvonne Engels
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Asian Country ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
The Core ◽  
Constant Comparative Method ◽  
Will Power ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach

Background: Strong family bonds are part of the Indonesian culture. Family members of patients with cancer are intensively involved in caring, also in hospitals. This is considered “normal”: a societal and religious obligation. The values underpinning this might influence families’ perception of it. Aim: To explore and model experiences of family caregivers of patients with cancer in Indonesia in performing caregiving tasks. Design: A grounded theory approach was applied. The constant comparative method was used for data analysis and a paradigm scheme was employed for developing a theoretical model. Setting/participants: The study was conducted in three hospitals in Indonesia. The participants were family caregivers of patients with cancer. Results: A total of 24 family caregivers participated. “Belief in caregiving” appeared to be the core phenomenon. This reflects the caregivers’ conviction that providing care is an important value, which becomes the will power and source of their strength. It is a combination of spiritual and religious, value and motivation to care, and is influenced by contextual factors. It influences actions: coping mechanisms, sharing tasks, and making sacrifices. Social support influences the process of the core phenomenon and the actions of the caregivers. Both positive and negative experiences were identified. Conclusion: We developed a model of family caregivers’ experiences from a country where caregiving is deeply rooted in religion and culture. The model might also be useful in other cultural contexts. Our model shows that the spiritual domain, not only for the patient but also for the family caregivers, should be structurally addressed by professional caregivers.

What Counts as an Apology? Exploring Stakeholder Perceptions in a Hypothetical Organizational Crisis

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua M. Bentley
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Crisis Communication ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Organizational Crisis ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Constant Comparative Method ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach

Many scholars have studied the role of organizational apologies in crisis communication, but they have defined and operationalized apologies inconsistently. This study uses a grounded theory approach to explore what constitutes an effective organizational apology from the perspective of organizational stakeholders. One hundred participants were asked to imagine being the victims of a data breach at an online retailer and to write the kind of apology they would like to receive from the organization. One hundred more participants were asked to write suggestion lists for how the organization could make its apology effective. These data were analyzed using a constant comparative method. Fifteen apology elements were identified and organized along two dimensions: (a) whether the element involved primarily words or behavior and (b) whether the element focused on fixing the problem or rebuilding relationships. Based on the data, these elements must be combined to make an apology effective with stakeholders.

Quality through accreditation

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 469-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Olof Lagrosen
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Business Schools ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The People ◽  
Constant Comparative Method ◽  
Quality Award ◽  
Research Implication ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach

Purpose The paper concerns the three main accreditation standards for business schools: EQUIS, AACSB and AMBA. The purpose of this paper is to analyse these standards for accreditation from a quality management standpoint. Design/methodology/approach The study is a conceptual review and analysis of the three standards mentioned above from the perspective of quality management. The constant comparative method from the grounded theory approach has been used to generate categories from the two major quality award models, which are then compared with the criteria of the accreditation models. Findings The findings show the conceptual quality implications of the three main accreditations. The accreditation models are in line with the tenets of quality management but have a greater focus on production and to a somewhat lesser extent on the people. Research limitations/implications One limitation is that the study is only conceptual. Furthermore, the study is limited to the models of quality management and accreditation that have been analysed. Although these are the most common, there are others that could have been included. The research implication mainly lies in an increased conceptual understanding for the quality implications of business school accreditation. Practical implications The results of the study will be useful for managers of business schools undergoing or contemplating entering into an accreditation process. Originality/value The number of business schools undergoing accreditation is increasing rapidly. Thus, increased knowledge of the conceptual implications of such processes should be valuable.

Social media marketing in the wellness industry

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Olof Lagrosen ◽  
Kerstin Grundén
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Social Media Marketing ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Marketing Communication ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Constant Comparative Method ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Comprehensive Framework ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach

Purpose – The advent of social media is dramatically changing the way marketing communication is conducted. This paper reports a study regarding the use of social media in the wellness industry. This industry is competitive and utterly dependent on creating mutually beneficial relationships with customers. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the use of social media marketing in the wellness industry. Design/methodology/approach – Qualitative methods have been used. In-depth interviews have been carried out with marketing communication professionals in seven leading Swedish spa-hotels. The data from the interviews were analysed utilising the constant comparative method from the grounded theory approach. Findings – Dimensions describing the activities, challenges and results of social media in the hotels have been defined. The findings are related to service quality theory, in particular the service dominant logic of marketing (SDL), and a comprehensive framework is proposed. Research limitations/implications – The findings should be useful for the scientific understanding of the effects of social media in marketing. The study is based entirely on qualitative data. Practical implications – The results of the study should be useful for managers trying to market their offers effectively through social media. Originality/value – The connections between social media and the SDL has not previously been studied in the wellness industry and such studies in other industries are rare.

‘A Big Door Opened for Us’: Parents' Perceptions of Comprehensive Preschool

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-343
Author(s):  
Elizabeth K. Demulder ◽  
Stacia M. Stribling
Keyword(s):  
Academic Success ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Goal Attainment ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Qualitative Research Study ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Constant Comparative Method ◽  
Emerging Themes

This qualitative research study was designed to explore the perceptions of parents with low income regarding the effects of involvement in a comprehensive preschool program on their children's development and on the families' quality of life. A purposeful sample of parents who became actively involved in the preschool community was interviewed about their experiences and the experiences of their children. These interviews were analyzed using the constant comparative method for emerging themes related to their experiences of the preschool. Parents' perspectives provided important insights into the processes that influence what they identified as positive outcomes. These insights, all connected to a larger theme of empowerment, included: (1) replacing isolation with affiliation, (2) increased self-confidence, (3) enhanced opportunity and ability to set goals and develop skills that promote self-sufficiency and goal attainment, and (4) empowering parents to empower their children through positive parenting. The evidence suggests that preschool structures and processes can enhance the development of the whole family by serving as a support system, and by nurturing relationships that are at the core of academic success. The study contributes to the research base on the effects of comprehensive preschool approaches to support families living in poverty.

scholarly journals The factors affecting the adjustment of a group of turkish dual diploma students in the usa: english proficiency and cultural differences

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozgur Yildirim
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
English Proficiency ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
State University ◽  
Adjustment Problems ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Constant Comparative Method ◽  
The Usa

The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate the adjustment problems experienced by a group of Turkish dual diploma students studying in the USA. The participants of the study were 18 undergraduate Turkish students studying in the Environmental Engineering and Civil Engineering dual diploma programs offered by a state university in New York and a state university in Turkey. The data were collected by using 15 interview questions and were analyzed by using constant comparative method in which emerging categories were identified in the interview transcripts and themes were developed from those categories. Analysis of the data indicated six major categories of the factors affecting the adjustment problems: differences in educational systems of the two institutions; English proficiency; the unique design of the program; cultural differences between the two countries; tendency to form and stay in cliques of dual diploma students; and orientation.

Low-inference transcripts in peer coaching: a promising tool for school improvement

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa L. Rivera-McCutchen ◽  
Nell Scharff Panero
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
School Improvement ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
Peer Coaching ◽  
Instructional Practice ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Constant Comparative Method

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine highly detailed “low-inference” transcripts (LITs) of peer coaching conversations, drawn from two public US high schools located in New York City, to explore the kinds of interactions that led peers to be more reflective about their instructional practice. Design/methodology/approach – Using the constant-comparative method of analysis, highly detailed LITs of peer coaching conversations were analyzed to identify instances where peers had what the researchers identified as an “Aha!” moment, where the peer's prior belief or opinion about their instruction and/or planning shifted. Subsequent re-coding identified specific strategies that caused the shift. Findings – Three kinds of interactions were identified as leading to an “Aha!,” all of which involved a thoughtful and strategic use of the LITs during the coaching conversation. Conversely, findings suggested that passive use of the transcripts was less successful. Research limitations/implications – Future research should explore the nature and staying power of the shifts in peer thinking, and the extent to which these shifts lead to instructional changes and improved student performance. Practical implications –LITs are a promising tool for instructional coaching. The evidence suggests when in the hands of a skilled coach the transcripts can shift teachers’ thinking in ways that are likely to improve instructional practice and thus student outcomes. Originality/value – This study highlights the value of pairing strategic and thoughtful peer coaching with highly detailed LITs, and identifies specific kinds of interactions that lead to shifts in thinking about instruction.

scholarly journals Experiences of the Medication Use Process by People with Intellectual Disabilities. What a Pharmacist Should Know!

Pharmacy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Bernadette Flood ◽  
Martin C. Henman
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach ◽  
Expert Patients

There is a scarcity of information about the experience of people with intellectual disabilities in the medication use process. Six people with intellectual disabilities consented to be interviewed by a pharmacist to determine their knowledge and views of medication use. Data from semi-structured interviews were analysed using a grounded theory approach. Self-determination and risk to the quality of the medication use process were identified as theories. Literature review provided two explanations—vulnerabilities of people with intellectual disabilities in healthcare and pharmacists have a role to play in ensuring a quality medication use process for people with intellectual disabilities. People with intellectual disabilities may be ‘expert patients’ and can provide valuable insights into their experience of medication use. They may be ‘high risk’ patients but may not be recognized as such by pharmacists.

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