Knowledge and attitudes towards concussion in UK-based male ice hockey players: A need for attitude change?

Objective Concussion is a common injury in ice hockey, and previous research suggests some misconceptions and unsafe attitudes amongst players. The purpose of this study was to assess sport concussion knowledge, attitudes and the effect of sport concussion history in UK-based male ice hockey players across three levels of competition: professional, semi-professional and amateur. Methods Sixty-one participants across a number of UK ice hockey teams completed the Rosenbaum Concussion Knowledge and Attitudes Survey and reviewed a series of statements to assess knowledge (concussion knowledge index), attitudes (concussion attitude index) and misconceptions of concussion. Results Level of competition and concussion history had no significant effect on concussion knowledge index or concussion attitude index. A positive significant relationship exists between playing experience and concussion knowledge index and concussion attitude index. Statements identified common misconceptions and areas of accurate knowledge regarding concussion symptoms suggesting that male ice hockey players have a higher level knowledge compared to a sample of the UK general public. Playing experience was associated with increased knowledge and increasingly safe attitudes towards concussion. Conclusion Despite knowledge relating to loss of consciousness and correct management of symptoms being generally accurate, there are worryingly unsafe attitudes regarding aspects of concussion. Such attitudes may well pose significant threats to players’ safety and long-term health.

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The Impact of a Concussion-U Educational Program on Knowledge of and Attitudes about Concussion

Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques ◽

10.1017/cjn.2016.263 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 43 (5) ◽

pp. 659-664 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Matthew E. Eagles ◽

David J. Bradbury-Squires ◽

Maria F. Powell ◽

Justin R. Murphy ◽

Graeme D. Campbell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Educational Program ◽

Local Community ◽

Knowledge And Attitudes ◽

Hockey Players ◽

Long Term Follow Up ◽

Concussion Knowledge ◽

Knowledge And Attitude ◽

The Impact

AbstractBackground: The diagnosis of a sports-related concussion is often dependent on the athlete self-reporting their symptoms. It has been suggested that improving youth athlete knowledge and attitudes toward concussion may increase self-reporting behaviour. The objective of this study was to determine if a novel Concussion-U educational program improves knowledge of and attitudes about concussion among a cohort of elite male Bantam and Midget AAA hockey players. Methods: Fifty-seven male Bantam and Midget AAA-level hockey players (mean age=14.52±1.13 years) were recruited from the local community. Each participant completed a modified version of the Rosenbaum Concussion Knowledge and Attitudes Survey–Student Version immediately before and after a Concussion-U educational presentation. Follow-up sessions were arranged 4 to 6 months after the presentation, and assessed retention of knowledge and attitude changes. Results: Forty-three players completed all three surveys. Concussion knowledge and attitude scores significantly (p<0.01) increased from pre- to post-presentation by 12.79 and 8.41%, respectively. At long-term follow-up, knowledge levels remained significantly (p<0.01) higher than baseline by 8.49%. Mean attitude scores were also increased at follow-up; however, this increase was not statistically significant. Conclusions: A Concussion-U educational program led to an immediate improvement in concussion knowledge and attitudes among elite male Bantam and Midget AAA hockey players. Increased knowledge was maintained at long-term follow-up, but improved attitude was not. Future studies should investigate whether similar educational programs influence symptom reporting and concussion incidence. In addition, they should focus on how to maintain improved concussion attitudes.

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P.077 A Concussion-U educational presentation improves knowledge and attitudes of concussion amongst elite female high-school hockey players

Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques ◽

10.1017/cjn.2016.181 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 43 (S2) ◽

pp. S39-S39

Author(s):

M Eagles ◽

M Powell ◽

D Bradbury-Squires ◽

J Murphy ◽

G Campbell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Female Athletes ◽

Future Research ◽

High Risk Population ◽

Knowledge And Attitudes ◽

Hockey Players ◽

Before And After ◽

Female High School ◽

Concussion Knowledge ◽

Knowledge And Attitude

Background: Research has suggested that female athletes have a higher incidence of concussion compared to their male counterparts. As such, programs designed to improve knowledge and attitudes of concussion should target this high-risk population. Previous work demonstrated the effect of a novel Concussion-U educational presentation on knowledge and attitudes of concussion amongst male Bantam and Midget AAA hockey players. The objective of this study was to determine if the same presentation was effective in improving the knowledge and attitudes of concussion in a cohort of elite female hockey players. Methods: 26 elite female high-school aged (14-17) hockey players from the province of New Brunswick consented to participate in the study. Each participant completed a modified version of Rosenbaum and Arnett’s Concussion Knowledge and Attitudes Survey questionnaire immediately before and after a Concussion-U educational presentation. Results were compared across the two time-points to assess the effectiveness of the presentation. Results: Concussion knowledge and attitude scores significantly (p<.001) increased from pre-presentation to post-presentation by 12.5% and 13.4%, respectively. Conclusions: A Concussion-U educational presentation resulted in increased knowledge and improved attitudes towards concussion in elite female hockey players. Future research should examine the long-term retention of these improvements.

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Hockey Concussion Education Project, Part 2. Microstructural white matter alterations in acutely concussed ice hockey players: a longitudinal free-water MRI study

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/2013.12.jns132090 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 120 (4) ◽

pp. 873-881 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Ofer Pasternak ◽

Inga K. Koerte ◽

Sylvain Bouix ◽

Eli Fredman ◽

Takeshi Sasaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Extracellular Space ◽

Axonal Injury ◽

Free Water ◽

Ice Hockey ◽

Microstructural Alterations ◽

Hockey Players ◽

Before And After ◽

The Brain

Object Concussion is a common injury in ice hockey and a health problem for the general population. Traumatic axonal injury has been associated with concussions (also referred to as mild traumatic brain injuries), yet the pathological course that leads from injury to recovery or to long-term sequelae is still not known. This study investigated the longitudinal course of concussion by comparing diffusion MRI (dMRI) scans of the brains of ice hockey players before and after a concussion. Methods The 2011–2012 Hockey Concussion Education Project followed 45 university-level ice hockey players (both male and female) during a single Canadian Interuniversity Sports season. Of these, 38 players had usable dMRI scans obtained in the preseason. During the season, 11 players suffered a concussion, and 7 of these 11 players had usable dMRI scans that were taken within 72 hours of injury. To analyze the data, the authors performed free-water imaging, which reflects an increase in specificity over other dMRI analysis methods by identifying alterations that occur in the extracellular space compared with those that occur in proximity to cellular tissue in the white matter. They used an individualized approach to identify alterations that are spatially heterogeneous, as is expected in concussions. Results Paired comparison of the concussed players before and after injury revealed a statistically significant (p < 0.05) common pattern of reduced free-water volume and reduced axial diffusivity and fractional anisotropy following elimination of freewater. These free-water–corrected measures are less affected by partial volumes containing extracellular water and are therefore more specific to processes that occur within the brain tissue. Fractional anisotropy was significantly increased, but this change was no longer significant following the free-water elimination. Conclusions Concussion during ice hockey games results in microstructural alterations that are detectable using dMRI. The alterations that the authors found suggest decreased extracellular space and decreased diffusivities in white matter tissue. This finding might be explained by axonal injury and/or by increased cellularity of glia cells. Even though these findings in and of themselves cannot determine whether the observed microstructural alterations are related to long-term pathology or persistent symptoms, they are important nonetheless because they establish a clearer picture of how the brain responds to concussion.

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PHYSICAL CONDITIONING OF TEENAGERS IN DIFFERENT KIND OF SPORTS

SOCIETY INTEGRATION EDUCATION Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference ◽

10.17770/sie2020vol6.5062 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 142

Author(s):

Uģis Ciematnieks ◽

Beāte Streiķe

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Ice Hockey ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Physical Conditioning ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Motor Abilities ◽

Hockey Players ◽

Elite Level ◽

Athletic Development

Physical conditioning is crucial in building motion skills if the coach wants to ensure long-term athletic development. The essence is that physical conditioning needs to be developed before the development of technical skills of sports movements at a much higher intensity at each stage of the multi-annual training process. The adult competition system and training programs are being imposed on young athletes, so the essential motion skills are not being learned (Grāvītis @ Luika, 2015). The lack of physical conditioning in teenage years is very often reflected in the most inappropriate moments of an athlete's career, at the elite level. Insufficient physical conditioning is a reason for the instability of motion skills and injuries in extreme physical and psychological loads. The amount of physical activity can be measured as a step count. The aim of the research is to assess physical fitness rate for children practicing basketball, football or ice hockey with EUROFIT test battery. The study included boys, 100 basketball players, 100 soccer players and 100 ice hockey players from Latvia who were born in 2002 and started training in their sport during at the ages from 7 to 9, collected data of their conditioning for five years, divided into three age groups. According to EUROFIT tests, it was concluded that the ice hockey players have the highest physical conditioning rates according to EUROFIT standard from the athletes analyzed, and the basketball players have the lowest physical conditioning rates in EUROFIT tests from the athletes analyzed. We can conclude that the results of hockey players are higher than the scores of basketball and soccer players because ice hockey players practice more frequently, and dryland training is strictly organized, they develop all motor abilities that is needed for successive training in basic drills on ice.

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The effectiveness of a concussion-u educational presentation on knowledge and attitudes of concussion amongst elite bantam and midget hockey players

Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques ◽

10.1017/cjn.2015.176 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 42 (S1) ◽

pp. S38-S39

Author(s):

M Eagles ◽

M Powell ◽

D Bradbury-Squires ◽

J Murphy ◽

G Campbell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Local Community ◽

Future Research ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Knowledge And Attitudes ◽

Hockey Players ◽

Before And After ◽

Concussion Knowledge ◽

Knowledge And Attitude ◽

The Impact ◽

Youth Hockey

Background: The diagnosis of a concussion is often dependent on the athlete self-reporting their symptoms. It has been suggested that improving athlete’s knowledge and attitudes towards concussions may increase self-reporting behavior; however, research in this area is inconclusive. The objective of this study is to determine if a Concussion-U educational presentation improves knowledge and attitudes of youth hockey players towards concussions. This is part of a larger study designed to determine the impact of an informational presentation on the knowledge and attitudes over a full hockey season. Methods: 56 elite male Bantam and Midget hockey players (mean age=14.52±1.13 years) were recruited from the local community. Each participant completed a modified version of Rosenbaum and Arnett’s Concussion Knowledge and Attitudes Survey (RoCKAS) questionnaire immediately before and after a Concussion-U educational presentation on the subject. Results: Concussion knowledge and attitude scores significantly (p<.001) increased from pre-presentation to post-presentation by 13.1% and 8.7%, respectively. Discussion: A Concussion-U educational presentation designed to improve concussion knowledge and attitudes in youth hockey players resulted in increased knowledge and improved attitudes towards concussion in elite male Bantam and Midget hockey players. Future research should examine the long-term effects of such presentations.

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Long-term consequences of traumatic brain injuries with ice-hockey players

Journal of Education, Health and Sport ◽

10.12775/jehs.2021.11.10.018 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 204-214

Author(s):

Volodymyr Sekretnyi ◽

Oleh Nekhanevych

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Ice Hockey ◽

Clock Drawing Test ◽

Clock Drawing ◽

Drawing Test ◽

Wide Range ◽

Hockey Players ◽

History Of

Introduction Significant part of sports related concussions (SRC) are below the level of clinical diagnosis of SRC or are unnoticed. The most severe cumulative consequence of SRC is chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). The study of a wide range of clinical manifestations of CTE plays an important role. Purpose To establish long-term cognitive consequences of TBI in ice hockey players. Material and methods Retrospectively, we tested retired 20 ice hockey players. All athletes completed a questionnaire with their team doctor, which included: passport part, sports history, history of SRC, a mini mental scale evaluation (MMSE) and «the clock drawing test». Results The results of the analysis showed a statistically significant decrease in the value of MMSE with an increase in SRC more than 1 during a sports career. Thus, in the group with 1 SRC the value of MMSE was 28.7 (1.38) points, while in the group with 2 or more SMS it was equal to 26.7 (1.15) points (p <0.05). MMSE goalkeepers scored 26.6 (0.6) points, strikers – 27.8 (0.4) points, defenders – 28.2 (0.7) points (p<0.05). The fact of hospitalization indicates clinically significant severity of a history of SRC. Having retrospectively collected data on hospitalization of hockey players after SRC, there was also a decrease in the value of MMSE in those with a history of hospitalization. Thus, in the group of people with hospitalization MMSE was 27.1 (1.39) points, without hospitalization – 27.9 (1.7). No statistically relationship between age and severity of cognitive impairment was found. Significant statistic connection (n = 20, correlation coefficient rs = – 0.40; p<0.05) has been found between the number of SRC and the indicator and MMSE test and between number of SRC and «the clock drawing test» (n = 20, correlation coefficient rs = – 0.10; p <0.05). Conclusions Our study has outlined connection between cognitive impairment in ice-hockey players and SRC.

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Sport Concussion Assessment Tool: Interpreting day-of-injury scores in professional ice hockey players

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport ◽

10.1016/j.jsams.2017.12.001 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (8) ◽

pp. 794-799 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Timo Hänninen ◽

Jari Parkkari ◽

Markku Tuominen ◽

Juha Öhman ◽

David R. Howell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Assessment Tool ◽

Ice Hockey ◽

Hockey Players ◽

Sport Concussion

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Long-term Effects of Adolescent Sport Concussion Across the Age Spectrum

The American Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/0363546516686785 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (6) ◽

pp. 1420-1428 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Douglas N. Martini ◽

James T. Eckner ◽

Sean K. Meehan ◽

Steven P. Broglio

Keyword(s):

Motor Performance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

P Values ◽

Sport Concussion ◽

Concussion History ◽

Auditory Tasks

Background: Research in sport concussion has increased greatly over the previous decade due to increased scientific interest as well as the media and political spotlight that has been cast on this injury. However, a dearth of literature is available regarding the long-term (>1 year after concussion) effects of adolescent concussion on cognitive and motor performance of high school athletes. Purpose: To evaluate the potential for long-term effects of concussion sustained during high school on cognitive and motor performance across the lifespan. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Adults with (n = 30) and without (n = 53) a concussion history were recruited in 3 age groups: younger (18-30 years; n = 43), middle-aged (40-50 years; n = 18), and older (≥60 years; n = 22). Each participant completed a computerized neurocognitive assessment and continuous tracking and discrete temporal auditory tasks with the hand and foot. Root mean squared error and timing variability were derived from the tracking and temporal auditory tasks, respectively. Data were analyzed by regression analyses for each recorded variable. Results: The analysis revealed significant age effects on neurocognitive task, continuous tracking task, and discrete auditory timing task performance ( P values < .05). No concussion history or interaction (concussion history by age) effects were found for performance on any task ( P values > .05). Conclusion: While longitudinal investigations are still needed, this cross-sectional study failed to identify any observable effect of adolescent concussion history on cognition or motor performance with age.

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