scholarly journals Commemoration reconsidered: Second World War Veterans’ reunion as pilgrimage

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoko Murakami
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
War Veterans ◽  
The Real ◽  
Second World

This article recognises the crucial role cultural and social contexts play in shaping individual and collective recollections. Such recollections involve multiple, intertwined levels of experience in the real world such as commemorating a war. Thus, the commemoration practised in a particular context deserves an empirical investigation. The methodological approach taken is naturalistic, as it situates commemoration as remembering and recollection in the real world of things and people. I consider the case of a war veterans’ reunion as an analogy for a pilgrimage, and in that pilgrimage-like transformative process, we can observe the dynamics of remembering that is mediated with artefacts and involves people’s interactions with the social environment. Furthermore, remembering, recollection and commemorating the war can be approached in terms of embodied interactions with culturally and historically organised materials. In this article, I will review the relevant literature on key topics and concepts including pilgrimage, transformation and liminality and communitas in order to create a theoretical framework. I present an analysis and discussion on the ethnographic fieldwork on the Burma Campaign (of the Second World War) veterans’ reunion. The article strives to contribute to the critical forum of memory research, highlighting the significance of a holistic and interdisciplinary exposition of the vital role context plays in the practice of commemorating war.

Falls and rises: meanings and universals

1981 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Cruttenden
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Second World War ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
World War ◽  
Discourse Function ◽  
The Real ◽  
Second World

The study of intonation has gone through phases in which it has been fashionable to ascribe the meaning of intonation to one particular sort of function.1 Most traditionally that function has been grammatical (see, e.g., the earliest British attempts at intonation analysis (e.g. Butler, 1634) and many recent textbooks on English language teaching). More recently (i.e. since the second world war), speakers' attitude has often been taken as most important (e.g. Pike, 1945; Kingdon, 1958). In the light of current fashion, the discourse function is often seen as most important (e.g. Brazil,, 1975, 1978; Pilch, 1977).I argue in this article that intonation operates with its own set of meanings which are of higher abstraction than those of grammar, attitude or discourse; and that it is only at a lower level that these meanings of higher abstraction become relevant to one or more of these functions (in so far as the functions can in any case be clearly separated). Such a hypothesis is relevant to the question of how intonation is acquired by children (where the real problem for investigators has always been WHAT exactly is being acquired). It is also important to questions of cross-dialectal intonational translation (whether across social or regional boundaries) and also to possible intonation universals.

Krieg auf Kosten anderer. Wehrmachtfinanzierung in Griechenland während des Zweiten Weltkriegs / War at the Expence of Others Financing the „Wehrmacht“ in Greece during the Second World War

2014 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-59
Author(s):  
Jürgen Kilian
Keyword(s):  
Third Reich ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ww Ii ◽  
Greek Economy ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
The Government ◽  
Second World

Abstract After Greece had been conquered by the troops of the Axis Powers in spring 1941, they installed a rule of occupation existing until october 1944. The Government in Athens had to finance this occupation by making payments in advance and besides, making a forced credit available. This method led to an exorbitant overloading of the Greek economy and to a galloping inflation. The German Tax and Finance Ministry played an important, yet hardly noticed role as to the concrete implementation of the monetary exploitation. Almost unknown documents throw a light on the financing of the German Wehrmacht during WW II. Besides, the real burden on the Greek economy shall be estimated and connected with the general questions of war financing in the Third Reich.

scholarly journals Coping with traumatic memories: Second World War veterans' experiences of social support in relation to the narrative coherence of war memories

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAREN J. BURNELL ◽  
PETER G. COLEMAN ◽  
NIGEL HUNT
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Narrative Coherence ◽  
World War ◽  
War Veterans ◽  
Traumatic Memories ◽  
War Experiences ◽  
Second World

ABSTRACTThis paper reports a qualitative study that used narrative analysis to explore how social support helps many armed-services veterans cope with traumatic memories. The analysis was carried out on two levels, that of narrative form (level of narrative coherence), argued to be indicative of reconciliation, and narrative content (themes of social support), which allowed exploration of the types of social support experienced by veterans with coherent, reconciled and incoherent narratives. Ten British male Second World War veterans were interviewed regarding their war experiences, presence of traumatic memories, and experiences of social support from comrades, family and society. Different patterns of support were qualitatively related to coherent, reconciled and incoherent narratives. Veterans with coherent narratives were no less likely to have experienced traumatic events than those with reconciled or incoherent narratives, but they reported more positive perceptions of their war experience and of the war's outcomes, more positive experiences of communication with family in later life, and more positive perceptions of societal opinion. The results are discussed in relation to how veterans can be supported by family and friends to reconcile their traumatic memories, thus to lessen the burden in later life when vital support resources may be unavailable.

scholarly journals Ibrahim effendi Fejić – The first Reis-ul-ulema in Tito`s Yugoslavia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-299
Author(s):  
Denis Bećirović ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Second World War ◽  
The Political ◽  
World War ◽  
Post War ◽  
Second World

In this paper, based on unpublished archival sources and relevant literature, the author puts the political circumstances after the end of the Second World War into context, and presents and analyses the activities of the first post-war Reis-ul-Ulema in Tito's Yugoslavia, Ibrahim effendi Fejić.

scholarly journals World-Historical Trends: Salvation or Catastrophe?!

2018 ◽  
pp. 17-36
Author(s):  
O. Shmorgun
Keyword(s):  
Current System ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Historical Trends ◽  
The Real ◽  
Global Trend ◽  
The Social ◽  
Global Problems ◽  
Regional Associations ◽  
Second World

The article shows the stadium-civilization origins of the current system of global quasi-liberal monetarism (neo-liberalism) as an ideological basis of the social system, which is caused by a numberof socio-economic crises, including the financial collapse of the late ХХ – early ХХІ century. The fundamental inability of such a model of global development to overcome the fundamental destructivetrends, which sharply increased after the Second World War, was substantiated. The real meaning of various technologically deterministic social utopias, which from the positions of post-industrialtechnological determinism also offer various recipes to overcome global problems of our time is revealed. It is shown that the real staged alternative to the crisis mainstream, aimed at humanizing themodern world, should be based on radical reformatting of the current global trend towards the revival of the national state on the basis of the restoration of ethno-national identity in its cultural and socialand economic dimensions, as well as radical reformatting of various regional associations , including the EU, on the basis of a cumulative functional complement of national and supra-state institutesopposite only superficially inconsistent to global cosmopolitism and ethnoreligious fundamentalism.

scholarly journals Polish Contributors to the Modern Turkish State

2021 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. 813-823
Author(s):  
Karolina Wanda Olszowska
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Second Home ◽  
Turkish State ◽  
Second World

Poles have found a place of refuge in Turkey (the Ottoman Empire) for centuries. For example, there is a village near Istanbul, Polonezköy (former Adampol), which was especially created with the Poles on the search for a second home in mind. When one considers the Polish community in Turkey during and after the Second World War, the contributions made by the Polish engineers to the development and expansion of the Turkish aviation and industry are often forgotten. The assistance that Turkey provided Poles with during the war as a ‘friendly’ neutral country has also been overlooked. Although, there were relatively few Poles living in Turkey during this period, they played a vital role in the development of the country. Nowadays they barely receive a mention. For the most part, their accomplishments have been overlooked. The aim of this paper is to draw attention to the shared past and to the period when these two countries came to each other’s assistance once more.

scholarly journals “With Tito and the Party”. Activity of the women’s Anti-fascist front Bosnia and Herzegovina and their reactions on the Informbiro propanganda during 1948 and 1949

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 102-129
Author(s):  
Jasmin Jajčević ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Women's Organizations ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Raising Children ◽  
The Military ◽  
Second World ◽  
Women’S Organizations

During the Second World War, the Anti-Fascist Women's Front (AFŽ) was formed in 1942 in Bosanski Petrovac. The outcome of the formation is an attempt at long-term mobilization and organization of women within the Communist Party of Yugoslavia. The women's anti-fascist front was organizationally on the path of anti-fascism and sacrifice in achieving the military, political and other goals of the revolution. At the First Congress of the AFŽ of Yugoslavia, which was held in 1945 in Belgrade, Josip Broz Tito stated the tasks of women, which were crucial for the new state. These were the preservation of brotherhood and unity, the continuation of the fight against the enemies of the new state, preparations for the constitution elections, work on rebuilding the country, enlightening women, humanitarian work with soldiers killed in the war, parents of children killed orphaned and raising children in in the spirit of the People's Liberation Struggle. Also, after the Second World War, the International Democratic Federation of Women was established, which was founded on the initiative of women from the Federation of French Women, and which dealt exclusively with women's issues and issues of interest to women. The women of Yugoslavia, who participated in the congresses in Paris and Budapest, also played a significant role in the establishment and operation of the International Democratic Federation of Women. With the outbreak of open conflict between the countries of Informbiro and Yugoslavia in 1948, and the action of Informbiro's propaganda, it also affected the Bureau of the French Women's Union, which prevented women from Yugoslavia / Bosnia and Herzegovina from attending the 1949 plenary session of the International Democratic Federation of Women in Moscow. This attitude led to women's organizations in cities, villages, peasant labor cooperatives, labor collectives and institutions throughout Bosnia and Herzegovina holding meetings, rallies and conferences, where they openly criticized and protested through letters against the decision and the revocation of calls for women's presence. Of Yugoslavia / Bosnia and Herzegovina at the meeting of the International Democratic Federation of Women in Moscow. The women of Yugoslavia / Bosnia and Herzegovina also had their position after the publication of the Informbiro Resolution on the situation in the CPY in 1948, where they rejected the resolution and sent and expressed their commitment to the CPY and Tito. In this regard, the paper, based on first-rate sources and relevant literature, seeks to present the activities of the Anti-Fascist Women's Front of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the years after World War II, both domestically and internationally (preparation of the International Women's Exhibition, signature collection, with the support of the proposal of the Soviet Alliance on Arms Reduction, etc.), as well as the views on the Informbiro Resolution of 1948 and the reactions of women's organizations in Bosnia and Herzegovina to the Informbiro's propaganda during 1949, due to the impossibility of women's attendance at the International Democratic Federation of Women in Moscow.

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