scholarly journals “New Extractivism” in Mexico: Hope and Deception

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-138
Author(s):  
D. Lynn Holland
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Community Support ◽  
The State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mining Law ◽  
Social And Environmental Impacts

This paper traces the evolution of mining law in Mexico, including the most recent round of reform, and discusses the social and environmental impacts of mining in the region of Soconusco in the state of Chiapas. A set of mining reforms that passed between 2013 and 2014 provided the necessary impetus for a rise in mining investments in Mexico. These reforms have been couched in the language of “new extractivism.” In this approach favored by the left, extractivism is embraced as a development strategy along with the goal of redistributing some of the revenues to rural areas where these activities take place. In addition, these communities are to be consulted on how the funds will be spent. As fortunes have been made, however, the results have fallen short where environmental protection and community support are concerned.

ATTITUDES AND OPINIONS OF VINEYARD OWNERS IN POLAND ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND RELATIONS WITH THE BUSINESS AND INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol XIX (6) ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
Radosław Knap ◽  
Piotr Prus
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
The State ◽  
Local Markets ◽  
Landscape Values ◽  
The Social

The aim of the article was to familiarize with the opinions of vineyard owners regarding selected elements of sustainable development of rural areas. The focus was on diagnosing respondents’ opinions regarding the protection of the natural environment and relations with the social and institutional environment. Collecting empirical data, the method of a diagnostic survey was used, which was carried out in 2017 on a group of 73 respondents. Most of the examined vineyard owners showed interest in the state of the natural environment, employed local employees and bought products from local entrepreneurs, offered touristic services and promoted the natural values of the region. These activities go in line with the concept of sustainable development of rural areas, contribute to the protection of natural, cultural and landscape values, as well as to the development of local markets.

scholarly journals Represa Salvajina: lejos del desarrollo, cerca del olvido. 1985-2016

2017 ◽  
pp. 283-316
Author(s):  
Yurany Alexandra Pérez Lugo ◽  
Lenin Gabriel Díaz Escandón
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
The State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sociedad Civil ◽  
Private Actors ◽  
Social And Environmental Impacts

La represa Salvajina, una de las grandes hidroeléctricas de Colombia, ubicada en el noroccidente del Cauca, en los municipios de Suárez, Morales y Buenos Aires, ha sido una construcción controversial por los impactos sociales y ambientales que ha generado durante la administración de diferentes multinacionales y empresas privadas. La gobernanza se involucra en la administración de esta, pues es permanente la articulación entre Estado sociedad civil y actores privados, donde supone el reto de efectuar la gobernabilidad en el margen legal. La administración de la represa, sus repercusiones socioambientales y la gobernabilidad son tres factores que confluyen para determinar el impacto general de este proyecto frente a la población aledaña. A partir de lo anterior, este escrito intenta ver cómo dicho impacto ha sido remediado, o, en su defecto, cuáles son las tentativas para lograrlo, pues desde una perspectiva críticoanalítica, el manejo y regulación del Estado frente a los actores privados permite que las dinámicas sociales se vean impactadas negativa o positivamente, en la culturalización de nuevas formas de vida relacionadas con la construcción de la represa. En suma, el artículo apunta a que el reto del Estado, en el marco de la gobernanza, y dentro de una armonía teórica horizontal, es suscitar la gobernabilidad entre los actores que buscan beneficio de distinta índole en la represa Salvajina.Palabras clave: megaproyectos, desarrollo, impacto social, impacto ambiental, actores privados, sociedad civil, acción estatal, gobernanza, gobernabilidad. Abstract:Salvajina Dam: far from development, close to oblivion Salvajina dam, one of the greatest hydroelectric of Colombia, located in the Northwest of Cauca, in the municipalities of Suárez, Morales and Buenos Aires has been controversial for the social and environmental impacts generated, within the administration of different multinationals and private companies. Governance is involved in the administration of this, because joint is permanent between State, civil society and private actors, where the challenge of governance in the legal margin. The management of the dam, its social and environmental impacts; and it governance are three factors that converge in determine an impact general to the population surrounding and how these have been remediated, or in its defect them attempts of achieving it. As a perspective critical analytical, management and regulation of the State to private players allows that the social dynamics will be impacted positively or negative on the culturalisation of new forms of life because of the construction of the dam. Raise governance is the challenge of the State within the framework of governance, within a horizontal theoretical harmony between players seeking benefits of different kind in the Salvajina dam.Keywords: Megaprojects, development, social impact, environmental impact, private actors, civil society, state action, governance, governability.

Socio-environmental performance of transportation systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 826-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Amiri Khorheh ◽  
Frank Moisiadis ◽  
Hoda Davarzani
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
Comprehensive Framework ◽  
Social And Environmental Impacts

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify and categorize the social and environmental impacts of transportation systems, and address the appropriate solutions to mitigate and manage these impacts in order to achieve sustainability. Design/methodology/approach – This research performs a comprehensive literature review to suggest a framework on socio-environmental impacts of transportation and related solutions. The proposed framework is analyzed through quantitative methods and a survey study in freight transport. Findings – Findings support the direct relation of potential solutions and socio-environmental impacts of transportation. All four categories of solutions (technological, socio-economic and political, cultural and behavioral, and infrastructure related) reveal direct impact on reduction of environmental impacts. However only technological solutions were found to be influential on social impacts of the transportation. Originality/value – To the best of the authors’ knowledge there has not been any comprehensive framework covering social and environmental impacts of transportation in the literature. In addition, this paper categorizes potential solutions to enhance socio-environmental performance of the transportation and investigates their effectiveness.

Free market economy, ‘developmental state’ and party-state hegemony in Ethiopia: the case of the ‘model farmers’

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Lefort
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ruling Party ◽  
Party State

ABSTRACTEthiopia's development strategy rests on the promotion of a market economy, driven by ‘new entrepreneurs’, both urban and rural, while, to bring it to ‘maturity’ and to compensate for its present ‘failures’, the resolute intervention of a ‘developmental state’ is essential. Simultaneously, the ruling party aims to sustain its political hegemony by enrolling massively among those at the top of the social pyramid, to which most of these ‘new entrepreneurs’ belong, so as to build its new constituency on them. In the rural areas (83% of the population), the merger of these two objectives leads to the mobilisation of the upper group of smallholder farmers, recruited both as ‘model farmers’ to become the engine for the growth, notably with the support of a massive public Agricultural Extension Programme, and also as members of the ruling party. However, the subordination of the regime's economic objectives to its political agenda undermines the implementation of its development strategy at the field level. This raises questions about the efficiency of the programme and the room left for entrepreneurship, even though this is a mainstay of the market economy that the regime sees as ‘vital’ for Ethiopia's ‘survival’ (Meles 2006).

Rural After-School Child Care: A Demonstration Project in a Remote Mining Community

1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry Neufeld ◽  
Marilyn G. Smith ◽  
Harvey Estes ◽  
George C. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Social Services ◽  
School Child ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Community Support ◽  
After School ◽  
Mining Community ◽  
The Social ◽  
After School Program ◽  
The University

Residents of rural northeast Nevada lack many of the social services available in the urban parts of Nevada and the nation. One of the services lacking in Battle Mountain, Nevada is quality after-school child care. The University of Nevada Cooperative Extension and the Lander County School District collaborated to develop and administer an after-school program for at-risk elementary students, which addressed this need. The program was designed to provide an educational experience while at the same time providing students with some of the protective factors needed to help them lead more productive lifes. This paper details how the program was carried out and shows the results of the program's evaluation. In lean economic times, a collaborative effort such as this may be one way to address youth needs in rural areas. The result was increased community support for quality after-school child care.

scholarly journals Demographic changes in rural areas of central Russia in the context of the social policy of the State

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-284
Author(s):  
I.V. Gal'yanov ◽  
◽  
A.V. Rezvyakov ◽  
N.S. Studennikova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The State ◽  
Demographic Changes ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
The Social

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIES IN CONDITIONS OF DECENTRALIZATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Anatolii Viremeichyk ◽  
Olha Ruban
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Central Government ◽  
The State ◽  
Balanced Development ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Distribution Of Power ◽  
The Eu

Introduction. Most developing countries are still struggling for the efficient use of their resources. To overcome the physical and administrative development restrictions, it is necessary to transfer the powers of the central government to local authorities. The distribution of power from improves the management of resources and community participation, which is considered key to sustainable development. For Ukraine, the development of territories is one of the key issues of public administration, especially in conditions of decentralization. This is especially true of rural areas in view of the need to solve their socio-economic problems. Proponents of decentralization argue that the decentralized government is a source of improvement of community participation in the development of rural areas. Goal – to study the state of development of rural areas in Ukraine, the EU, to identify peculiarities and generalize the directions of diversification in order to increase the efficiency of not only agricultural production, but also the social profile of rural territory. Method (methodology). The research methodology is formed on the basis of evaluation of statistical data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine (2017-2019) regarding the state of development of rural areas in Ukraine. Within the study, problems are identified as low efficiency of state support, and decline in rural areas. In the process of scientific search applied comparative, structural research methods. The results. It is noted that the main attention in public administration should be given to rural territories. It is determined that their development depends precisely from the effective functioning of agrarian enterprises, in particular the farms of the population, in particular farmers, that is, areas of agrarian management as a whole. An analysis of the state of development of rural areas is carried out. Particular attention is paid to the features of rural territories, the normative settlement of decentralization in Ukraine and the main tasks of diversification, which are expedient to implement. It was revealed that Ukraine, seeking to be part of the EU should provide balanced development, in particular rural areas. Supernational support within the EU's efficiency of agriculture is analyzed. Despite the issues with the implementation, it is concluded that decentralization will change the existing policy of rural development in Ukraine as a result of changing the role of united territorial communities and the formation of such a development strategy, which will combine decentralization and economical and social development.

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