scholarly journals Vietnamese Civic Organisations: Supporters of or Obstacles to Further Democratisation? Results from an Empirical Survey

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Wischermann ◽  
Bui The Cuong ◽  
Dang Thi Viet Phuong
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Minorities ◽  
The State ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Asian Studies ◽  
Authoritarian Rule ◽  
Empirical Survey ◽  
Policy Field ◽  
The Impact

In political science and in development cooperation, civic organisations (COs) under authoritarian rule are usually seen as supporters of processes that move towards democratisation. However, these organisations are sometimes criticised for their support of those in power. Within this context, critics refer to the fact that many COs have, for example, authoritarian intra-organisational structures. This characteristic clearly limits their potential to be supporters of democratisation processes. In this paper, we proceed from the assumption that Vietnamese COs can be both supporters of democracy and organisations that help to maintain authoritarian rule; they can sometimes even be both at the same time. COs are “polyvalent” (Kößler). More concretely, what COs are and which role(s) they play in the political system is mainly but not exclusively dependent on the impact the state has on them, and is at the same time dependent on the effects that those organisations have on the state. The results from an empirical survey, supported by the German Research Council (2013–2016) and carried out as a co-operation between the Institute of Asian Studies/GIGA Hamburg and the Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences, suggest the following: ▪ Most Vietnamese COs are hierarchically structured, if not organised in an authoritarian way. They are not “schools of democracy”, in the sense of Tocqueville. ▪ Most Vietnamese COs that have engaged in the welfare provision sector, either willingly or unwillingly, have helped to foster the foundations of authoritarianism. ▪ In the field of economic policies, the COs invited by the state to participate in and contribute to the formulation of policies do help, overall, to secure existing power structures, even though these organisations also help change various economic policies and even though their activities produce some democracy-promoting effects. ▪ In the policy field of gender equality, women's rights, and rights of sexual minorities, the mass organisation Vietnam Women's Union supports the state's respective discourse. Some NGOs active in this policy field are doing both: They support and criticise the state's discourse on gender norms and the rights of sexual minorities. In the conclusion, we answer the question of which Vietnamese COs can be seen as supporters of further democratisation and which can be classified as obstacles.

Perception of Corporate Social Responsibility by the Employees

2015 ◽  
pp. 51-72
Author(s):  
Zlatko Nedelko ◽  
Vojko Potocan
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Outcomes ◽  
Empirical Survey ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

The main purpose of this chapter is to examine the relationships between three underlying aspects of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), namely economic, environmental, and societal aspects, and the level of CSR, as perceived by the employees. The strength and direction of the impact of a single underlying aspect of CSR, on the level of CSR in organizations, is examined through a sample of 288 employees in Slovenian organizations. Results from the empirical survey suggest that employees' higher concern for environmental and social issues increases the level of organizational CSR, while higher striving for solely economic outcomes lowers the level of organizational CSR. Findings in this chapter provide insight into the state of CSR in organizations as perceived by the employees, providing an important starting point for definition or re-thinking of strategies in relation to CSR, and as a starting point for other actions as well, like changes in academia.

scholarly journals The Politics of Culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Abbie Strunc
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Social Studies ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Educational Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Educational Culture ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

Using Van Dijk’s sociocognitive theory as a framework for discourse analysis, the state-mandated standards were examined to determine how the educational culture is impacted by the social studies curriculum. The process to revise the curriculum in Texas is highly politicized and outside interest groups, such as Mel and Norma Gabler’s Educational Research Analysts, have inserted their own cultural perspective over the last 50 years. The article considers the impact of this influence and discusses the norms and power structures produced.             Keywords: discourse analysis, social studies, Texas, culture

Perception of Corporate Social Responsibility by the Employees

2019 ◽  
pp. 1442-1465
Author(s):  
Zlatko Nedelko ◽  
Vojko Potocan
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Outcomes ◽  
Empirical Survey ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

The main purpose of this chapter is to examine the relationships between three underlying aspects of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), namely economic, environmental, and societal aspects, and the level of CSR, as perceived by the employees. The strength and direction of the impact of a single underlying aspect of CSR, on the level of CSR in organizations, is examined through a sample of 288 employees in Slovenian organizations. Results from the empirical survey suggest that employees' higher concern for environmental and social issues increases the level of organizational CSR, while higher striving for solely economic outcomes lowers the level of organizational CSR. Findings in this chapter provide insight into the state of CSR in organizations as perceived by the employees, providing an important starting point for definition or re-thinking of strategies in relation to CSR, and as a starting point for other actions as well, like changes in academia.

scholarly journals Institutional imperatives for sustainable socio-ecological and economic development

2021 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 07013
Author(s):  
Marina Kandrokova ◽  
Salima Makhosheva ◽  
Aslizhan Efendiev ◽  
Halimat Uyanaeva ◽  
Batraz Dzgoev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Local Power ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Commercial Activity ◽  
The Impact

The sustainable growth of the modern economy is based on socio-ecological and economic development. One of the key development trends on a global scale is the formation of an innovative type of economy, and, as a consequence, in the process of economic development of most countries, including Russia, the need to create an institutional environment corresponding to a new type of economic growth comes to the fore. Accordingly, the need to create an adequate, adaptive to regional characteristics, assessment of the institutional environment of the region, to create mechanisms for its measurement, to establish indicators of efficiency increases. Firstly, indicators of the effectiveness of institutions will make it possible to visualize the process of development of the region and thereby increase its investment attractiveness. These indicators will stimulate the interest of business representatives and, first of all, those who are ready to invest their funds and are looking for territories that satisfy them according to all the criteria necessary for successful commercial activity and profit in the future. Secondly, measuring the effectiveness of regional institutions allows federal authorities, the public, and even various international financial organizations and aid funds that provide loans and multifaceted support, including admission to clubs in the developed world, to adequately assess the activities of local power structures, for which the growth of institutional indicators in the region is one of the key intentions contributing to the increase of their authority and the attractiveness of the territory as a whole. Thirdly, the assessment of the institutional environment allows specialists, on the basis of available indicators, to determine both the advantages and advantageous competitive positions of the economic system as a whole and its vulnerabilities, make sound economic forecasts for the near future and analyze the impact of such factors as the state politics, social structure, traditions, moral norms, history, geography, and natural resources on the state of the institutional environment.

Room to Maneuver in the Middle: Local Elites, Political Action, and the State in India

1991 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subrata Kumar Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Political Action ◽  
Political Instability ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Protest Movements ◽  
Empirically Supported ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The intuitively plausible relationship between protest behavior and political instability is empirically supported by a large number of studies. Statistical evidence in support of this conjecture is provided by the correlation between indicators of protest behavior such as the presence of extremist parties and groups or the salience of an antisystem dimension and the rapid rise and fall of governments. The theories of writers such as Huntington, Gurr, and Davies suggest that when social and political mobility overtake the rate of economic growth, die result is radical challenge to the system by extremist parties and protest movements, leading to political instability and the loss of legitimacy. The main argument of this article is that the relationship between protest behavior and legitimacy may be more complicated than that, particularly when state responsiveness under the impact of popular protest and redistributive economic policies is seen as an intervening factor. By drawing on a survey of localelites in India, the article shows that certain forms of protest behavior, used in conjunction with conventional forms of participation such as contacting bureaucrats and political leaders at higher levels, might actually contribute to greater legitimacy of the state by providing an alternative channel of participation, extending the political agenda, and contributing to the recruitment of new and previously powerless social forces.

scholarly journals Removing Impediments to Sustainable Economic Development: The Case of Corruption

2015 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 1550002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augusto López Claros
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Central Agent

This paper examines causes and consequences of corruption within the process of economic development. Drawing on experiences and insights accumulated during the post-war period and reflected in a growing body of academic research, the paper analyzes institutional mechanisms that sustain corruption and the impact of corruption on development. It argues that many forms of corruption stem from the distributional attributes of the state in its role as the economy's central agent of resource allocation. It also addresses the question of what can be done about corruption and discusses the role of economic policies in developing incentives and institutions to reduce its incidence.

scholarly journals The Main Directions of the Employment Promotion Policy in the Conditions of Economy Digitalization

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (46) ◽  
pp. 351-356
Author(s):  
O. V. Berveno ◽  
◽  
L. S. Yurchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Staff Development ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
The State ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
The Impact

The social and labor sphere in the conditions of digital transformation requires special care of the state and theoretical comprehension of the possibilities of the state employment regulation. The article aims at carrying out systemic analysis of opportunities, features and directions of the state influence on employment in the context of economy digitalization. Technological changes form new challenges in the field of social and labor relations, relations concerning the human resources formation and involvement, and the involvement of people in economic activities. These are changes that create uncertainty and risks both in the system of employment and self-realization of human labor potential, and in the system of income. Digital technologies have created a completely specific work process, bringing changes into all its elements, namely: the subject and means of labor, technology, organization and result of labor. The impact of digital technologies on labor market changes take place in several important directions, namely: the intensification of migration processes; interprofessional and intra-firm mobility; development of modern employees’ adaptive skills; ability to learn throughout life; growth of the competitive advantages of educated, professional, and creative staff; development of flexible forms of employment. Contradictory processes in the field of labor and socio-labor relations make special requirements to socio-economic policies in employment promote. Modern employment policy has close complementary links with human development policy. Its important direction is the one of creating an effective retraining system, helping to acquire new professional competencies, and it involves close cooperation with the educational sphere. Mechanisms for de-shadowing hidden unemployment and eradicating informal employment, especially its precarious forms, are of great relevance to the Ukrainian economy. An important aspect of expanding employment opportunities is promoting the development of remote employment together with its consistent institutionalism.

Perception of Corporate Social Responsibility by the Employees

2017 ◽  
pp. 25-48
Author(s):  
Zlatko Nedelko ◽  
Vojko Potocan
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Outcomes ◽  
Empirical Survey ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

The main purpose of this chapter is to examine the relationships between three underlying aspects of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), namely economic, environmental, and societal aspects, and the level of CSR, as perceived by the employees. The strength and direction of the impact of a single underlying aspect of CSR, on the level of CSR in organizations, is examined through a sample of 288 employees in Slovenian organizations. Results from the empirical survey suggest that employees' higher concern for environmental and social issues increases the level of organizational CSR, while higher striving for solely economic outcomes lowers the level of organizational CSR. Findings in this chapter provide insight into the state of CSR in organizations as perceived by the employees, providing an important starting point for definition or re-thinking of strategies in relation to CSR, and as a starting point for other actions as well, like changes in academia.

Russia - European Union: The continuation ofthe sanctions standoff

2017 ◽  
pp. 114-127
Author(s):  
M. Klinova ◽  
E. Sidorova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Economic Sanctions ◽  
Current Data ◽  
The State ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Year 2013

The article deals with economic sanctions and their impact on the state and prospects of the neighboring partner economies - the European Union (EU) and Russia. It provides comparisons of current data with that of the year 2013 (before sanctions) to demonstrate the impact of sanctions on both sides. Despite the fact that Russia remains the EU’s key partner, it came out of the first three partners of the EU. The current economic recession is caused by different reasons, not only by sanctions. Both the EU and Russia have internal problems, which the sanctions confrontation only exacerbates. The article emphasizes the need for a speedy restoration of cooperation.

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