scholarly journals Antitrypanosomal and Antileishmanial Activities of Organic and Aqueous Extracts of Artemisia Annua

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0800301
Author(s):  
Anna Rita Bilia ◽  
Marcel Kaiser ◽  
Franco Francesco Vincieri ◽  
Deniz Tasdemir
Keyword(s):  
Artemisia Annua ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Antiparasitic Activity ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Organic Extracts ◽  
Antileishmanial Activities ◽  
Artemisinin Content ◽  
Protozoan Species

Artemisia annua is an herbal drug with profound antimalarial activity, which can be ascribed to the sesquiterpene lactone artemisinin. Artemisinin also shows efficacy against other parasitic protozoan species, such as Trypanosoma and Leishmania, however trypanocidal and leishmanicidal effects of A. annua extracts have not been reported so far. In the current study, we evaluated the in vitro growth inhibitory activity of a number of organic and aqueous A. annua extracts, including tinctures, infusions and decoctions against three parasitic protozoa, T. brucei rhodesiense, T. cruzi and L. donovani. Artemisinin content of these extracts was determined by HPLC/DAD/MS. Artemisinin was also evaluated for its antiparasitic activity for comparison. Among the tested extracts, the acetone- and the n-hexane-solubles of A. annua were the most potent against T. b. rhodesiense with IC50 values of 0.30 and 0.455 μg/mL, respectively, whereas the other extracts were ten- to fifty-fold less potent. Neither of the extracts nor artemisinin had trypanocidal activity against T. cruzi (IC50 > 30 μg/mL). Only the organic extracts of A. annua arrested the growth of L. donovani with modest IC50 values (5.1 to 9.0 μg/mL) comparable to that of artemisinin (IC50 8.8 μg/mL). This study highlights significant variations in the artemisinin content of A. annua extracts and underlines the potential of A. annua extracts and artemisinin in the treatment of trypanosomal and leishmanial infections.

scholarly journals Semi-Synthesis of Harringtonolide Derivatives and Their Antiproliferative Activity

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1380
Author(s):  
Xiutao Wu ◽  
Lijie Gong ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Ye Tao ◽  
Wuxi Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiproliferative Activity ◽  
Normal Cell ◽  
Selectivity Index ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Hct 116 ◽  
Systematic Structure

Harringtonolide (HO), a natural product isolated from Cephalotaxus harringtonia, exhibits potent antiproliferative activity. However, little information has been reported on the systematic structure−activity relationship (SAR) of HO derivatives. Modifications on tropone, lactone, and allyl positions of HO (1) were carried out to provide 17 derivatives (2–13, 11a–11f). The in vitro antiproliferative activity against four cancer cell lines (HCT-116, A375, A549, and Huh-7) and one normal cell line (L-02) was tested. Amongst these novel derivatives, compound 6 exhibited comparable cell growth inhibitory activity to HO and displayed better selectivity index (SI = 56.5) between Huh-7 and L-02 cells. The SAR results revealed that the tropone and lactone moieties are essential for the cytotoxic activities, which provided useful suggestions for further structural optimization of HO.

scholarly journals Plasmodium falciparum Line-Dependent Association ofIn VitroGrowth-Inhibitory Activity and Risk of Malaria

2012 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 1900-1908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josea Rono ◽  
Anna Färnert ◽  
Daniel Olsson ◽  
Faith Osier ◽  
Ingegerd Rooth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Erythrocyte Invasion ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Control Study

ABSTRACTPlasmodium falciparum's ability to invade erythrocytes is essential for its survival within the human host. Immune mechanisms that impair this ability are therefore expected to contribute to immunity against the parasite. Plasma of humans who are naturally exposed to malaria has been shown to have growth-inhibitory activity (GIA)in vitro. However, the importance of GIA in relation to protection from malaria has been unclear. In a case-control study nested within a longitudinally followed population in Tanzania, plasma samples collected at baseline from 171 individuals (55 cases and 116 age-matched controls) were assayed for GIA using threeP. falciparumlines (3D7, K1, and W2mef) chosen based on their erythrocyte invasion phenotypes. Distribution of GIA differed between the lines, with most samples inhibiting the growth of 3D7 and K1 and enhancing the growth of W2mef. GIA to 3D7 was associated with a reduced risk of malaria within 40 weeks of follow-up (odds ratio, 0.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.21 to 0.96;P= 0.04), whereas GIA to K1 and W2mef was not. These results show that GIA, as well as its association with protection from malaria, is dependent on theP. falciparumline and can be explained by differences in erythrocyte invasion phenotypes between parasite lines. Our study contributes knowledge on the biological importance of growth inhibition and the potential influence ofP. falciparumerythrocyte invasion phenotypic differences on its relationship to protective immunity against malaria.

scholarly journals Anti-Trypanosomal Alkaloids from Xymalos Monospora

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0600100
Author(s):  
Dieudonne Ngamga ◽  
Pierre Tane ◽  
Donna Rattendi ◽  
Cyrus Bacchi ◽  
Christopher C. Okunji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Aporphine Alkaloid ◽  
African Trypanosomes ◽  
Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloids ◽  
Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloid ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Activity

From an extract of the stem bark of Xymalos monospora, a bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid (1), three benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (mollinedine, 1-(p-methoxybenzyl)-6,7-methylenedioxyisoquino-line, doryafranine), and an aporphine alkaloid (N-methyllaurotetanine) were isolated. These compounds were tested for growth inhibitory activity against bloodstream forms of three strains of African trypanosomes. In vitro IC50 values starting from 1.8 μg /mL were obtained.

scholarly journals In Vitro Growth-Inhibitory Activity and Malaria Risk in a Cohort Study in Mali

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 737-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter D. Crompton ◽  
Kazutoyo Miura ◽  
Boubacar Traore ◽  
Kassoum Kayentao ◽  
Aissata Ongoiba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Malaria Risk ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Asexual Blood Stage ◽  
Growth Inhibition Assay ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Activity

ABSTRACT Immunity to the asexual blood stage of Plasmodium falciparum is complex and likely involves several effector mechanisms. Antibodies are thought to play a critical role in malaria immunity, and a corresponding in vitro correlate of antibody-mediated immunity has long been sought to facilitate malaria vaccine development. The growth inhibition assay (GIA) measures the capacity of antibodies to limit red blood cell (RBC) invasion and/or growth of P. falciparum in vitro. In humans, naturally acquired and vaccine-induced P. falciparum-specific antibodies have growth-inhibitory activity, but it is unclear if growth-inhibitory activity correlates with protection from clinical disease. In a longitudinal study in Mali, purified IgGs, obtained from plasmas collected before the malaria season from 220 individuals aged 2 to 10 and 18 to 25 years, were assayed for growth-inhibitory activity. Malaria episodes were recorded by passive surveillance over the subsequent 6-month malaria season. Logistic regression showed that greater age (odds ratio [OR], 0.78; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.63 to 0.95; P = 0.02) and growth-inhibitory activity (OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.30 to 0.85; P = 0.01) were significantly associated with decreased malaria risk in children. A growth-inhibitory activity level of 40% was determined to be the optimal cutoff for discriminating malaria-immune and susceptible individuals in this cohort, with a sensitivity of 97.0%, but a low specificity of 24.3%, which limited the assay's ability to accurately predict protective immunity and to serve as an in vitro correlate of antibody-mediated immunity. These data suggest that antibodies which block merozoite invasion of RBC and/or inhibit the intra-RBC growth of the parasite contribute to but are not sufficient for the acquisition of malaria immunity.

scholarly journals Specific growth inhibitory sequences in genomic DNA from quiescent human embryo fibroblasts.

1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1894-1899 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Padmanabhan ◽  
T H Howard ◽  
B H Howard
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Human Embryo ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Embryo Fibroblasts

We used HeLa cells as recipients in a gene transfer assay to characterize DNA sequences that negatively regulate mammalian cell growth. In this assay, genomic DNA from quiescent human embryo fibroblasts was more inhibitory for HeLa replication than was DNA from either Escherichia coli or HeLa cells. Surprisingly, growth inhibitory activity depended on the growth state of the cells from which genomic DNA was prepared; it was strongest in DNA prepared from serum-deprived, quiescent embryo fibroblasts. This latter observation implies a role for DNA modification(s) in regulating the activity of the inhibitory sequences detected in our assay. The level of the observed growth inhibitory activity was sometimes high, suggesting that the relevant sequences may be abundantly represented in the mammalian genome. We speculate that these findings may provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in cellular quiescence and in vitro senescence.

Synthesis of new oxathiazinane dioxides and their in vitro cancer cell growth inhibitory activity

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 5353-5356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Françoise Borcard ◽  
Matthias Baud ◽  
Claudia Bello ◽  
Giovanna Dal Bello ◽  
Francesco Grossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Cancer Cell Growth ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Activity

Synthesis of New β-Lactam Analogs and Evaluation of Their Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) Activity

2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 1459-1464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seikwan Oh ◽  
Jae-Chul Jung ◽  
Mitchell A. Avery
Keyword(s):  
Histone Deacetylase ◽  
Hdac Inhibitors ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Human Tumor Cell Lines ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Potent Growth ◽  
High Yields

A simple synthesis of the β -lactams 11 - 13 and 16 - 17 as novel histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors is described. The key synthetic strategies involved the O-alkylation of 6-APA and the coupling reactions of freshly prepared N-carbobenzyloxy-L-prolines 5 and 6 and 6-aminopenicillanates 8 - 10 and 15 in high yields. It was found that all compounds show potent growth inhibitory activity on human tumor cell lines, the most potent compound 16 exhibiting an IC50 = 2.1 μM in vitro.

scholarly journals Repurposing FDA Drug Compounds against Breast Cancer by Targeting EGFR/HER2

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 791
Author(s):  
Irving Balbuena-Rebolledo ◽  
Itzia Irene Padilla-Martínez ◽  
Martha Cecilia Rosales-Hernández ◽  
Martiniano Bello
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Md Simulations ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Potential Inhibitors

Repurposing studies have identified several FDA-approved compounds as potential inhibitors of the intracellular domain of epidermal growth factor receptor 1 (EGFR) and human epidermal receptor 2 (HER2). EGFR and HER2 represent important targets for the design of new drugs against different types of cancer, and recently, differences in affinity depending on active or inactive states of EGFR or HER2 have been identified. In this study, we first identified FDA-approved compounds with similar structures in the DrugBank to lapatinib and gefitinib, two known inhibitors of EGFR and HER2. The selected compounds were submitted to docking and molecular dynamics MD simulations with the molecular mechanics generalized Born surface area approach to discover the conformational and thermodynamic basis for the recognition of these compounds on EGFR and HER2. These theoretical studies showed that compounds reached the ligand-binding site of EGFR and HER2, and some of the repurposed compounds did not interact with residues involved in drug resistance. An in vitro assay performed on two different breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-23, showed growth inhibitory activity for these repurposed compounds on tumorigenic cells at micromolar concentrations. These repurposed compounds open up the possibility of generating new anticancer treatments by targeting HER2 and EGFR.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Molecular Docking and Anticancer Activity of Novel 1,3-Thiazolidin-4-Ones

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-352
Author(s):  
Ramesh Sawant ◽  
Jyoti Wadekar ◽  
Rushikesh Ukirde ◽  
Ganesh Barkade
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Mcf 7 ◽  
Clinical Strategy

Background: Cancer is a major cause of death all over the globe. Controlling cell division byinhibition of mitosis is the most successful clinical strategy for cancer treatment. The developmentof novel anticancer agents is the most important area in medicinal chemistry and drug discoveryresearch. Thiazolidine is the multifunctional nucleus which shows a number of pharmacologicalactivities like anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antidiabetic,antihyperlipidemic and antiarthritic. Methods: In a present study series of 2-substituted-3-(1H-benzimidazole-2-yl)-thiazolidin-4-ones were designed, synthesized by the microwave-assisted system, and characterized bymelting point, IR, 1H NMR, and mass spectroscopy. All the newly synthesized compoundswere examined for their in vitro anticancer activity against breast cancer cell line MCF-7 bySulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. Results: The compounds AB-12 (GI50: 28.5 μg/ml) and AB-6 (GI50: 50.7 μg/ml) exhibitedsignificant cell growth inhibitory activity. Conclusion: These results indicate that compound AB-12 and AB-6 as related polo-like kinase1inhibitors compounds could be lead compounds for further development of anticanceragents.

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