Effect of Piperine on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Glimepiride in Normal and Streptozotocin - Induced Diabetic Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciddi Veeresham ◽  
Samala Sujatha ◽  
Thatipamula Sandya Rani
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Significant Protection ◽  
Pharmacokinetics And Pharmacodynamics ◽  
Total Antioxidant

The effect of piperine on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of glimepiride in normal as well as diabetic rats was studied. In normal and streptozotocin induced diabetic rats the combination of glimepiride with piperine increased all the pharmacokinetic parameters, such as Cmax, AUC0-n, AUCtotal, t½, and MRT, and decreased the clearance, Vd, markedly as compared with the control group. In pharmacodynamic studies, the combination of glimepiride with piperine provided significant protection against the diabetes induced alterations in the biochemical parameters. In addition, the combination of glimepiride with piperine also improved the total antioxidant status significantly in diabetic rats compared with piperine and glimepiride treated groups. The results revealed that a combination of glimepiride with piperine led to the enhancement of the bioavailability of glimepiride by inhibiting the CYP2C9 enzyme, which suggested that piperine might be beneficial as an adjuvant to glimepiride in a proper dose, in diabetic patients.

scholarly journals Aloe vera extract reduces 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine levels and improves total antioxidants in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Wulan Christijanti ◽  
Aditya Marianti ◽  
Wiwi Isnaeni
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Rat Testis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Antioxidant

<p><strong>Background</strong></p><p>Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease caused by lack of insulin production in the pancreas or by insulin resistance, the disease being characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. Hyperglycemia in diabetes could lead to oxidative stress due to the rise in 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) levels and the decrease in levels of total antioxidant status (TAS). The purpose of this study was to assess the effect <em>Aloe vera </em>extract on 8-oxo-dG level and total antioxidant status in diabetic rat testis.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Methods</strong></p><p>This was an experimental laboratory study with 20 rat samples which were divided into 4 groups (1 control group and 3 treatment groups). Diabetes was induced in the rats by streptozotocin (STZ) at 65 mg/kgBW. The diabetic rats were then treated for 28 days with <em>Aloe vera</em> extract at 0 mg (P0), 200 mg rind (P1), 200 mg pulp (P2), respectively. The level of 8 -oxo-dG was measured by ELISA and total antioxidant status with 2,2' -azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS). Data were analyzed with ANOVA and Least Significant Difference Advanced Test at P&lt;0.05.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Results</strong></p><p>8-Oxo-dG levels were significantly different between the control group and both P0 and P2, but not between the control group and P1. Among the treatment groups the 8-oxo-dG levels were significantly different. Mean total antioxidant status was significantly different between control and treatment groups, and also between treatment groups (p&lt;0.05).</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong></p><p><em>Aloe vera</em> extract reduced free radicals (level of 8-oxo-dG) and increased the total antioxidant status in diabetic rat testis.</p><p> </p>

Antioxidant status of blood in patients with vibration disease

2019 ◽  
pp. 978-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. N. Malyutina ◽  
A. F. Bolotova ◽  
R. B. Eremeev ◽  
A. Zh. Gilmanov ◽  
D. Yu. Sosnin
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vibration Disease ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Introduction. The overwhelming number of publications contains only data on the content of individual antioxidants, but not on the overall antioxidant activity of the blood in patients with vibration disease.The aim of the study was to determine the total antioxidant activity of blood serum in patients with vibration disease.Materials and methods. Th e main group consisted of 30 people diagnosed with “Vibration disease” of 1 degree (n=21) and 2 degrees (n=9). Th e control group consisted of 30 clinically healthy men, comparable in age with the main group (p=0.66). Th e total activity of antioxidant systems of blood plasma was evaluated photometrically using the test system “Total antioxidant status-Novo” (“Vector-best”, Russia).Results. The indicator of the total antioxidant status (TAS) was 1,038±0.232 mmol/l in the examined main group, against 1,456±0.225 mmol/l in the examined control group (p<0.000001). Th e coefficient of variation (CV) in patients with vibration disease was 22.35%, 1.45 times higher than in the control group (15.45%). In the main group there was a positive correlation between age and TAS (R=0.525), in the control group there was no such relationship (R=0.095). Th e degree of decrease depended on the severity of vibration disease.Conclusions. 1. The development of vibration disease is accompanied by a decrease in the antioxidant status of blood serum. 2. Th e degree of decrease in the antioxidant status of blood serum correlates with the severity of vibration disease. 3. Reduction of TAS can serve as a pathogenetic justification of the need to include drugs and/or biologically active additives with antioxidant activity in therapy

scholarly journals Dietary Plant Extracts Improve the Antioxidant Reserves in Weaned Piglets

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 702
Author(s):  
Carlo Corino ◽  
Michel Prost ◽  
Barbara Pizzi ◽  
Raffaella Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Reducing the use of antibiotics in livestock in order to contain antibiotic resistance and studying natural substance additives are key to sustainability. Among the various biological activities of plant extracts, antioxidant activity plays an important role. The present study assesses the total antioxidant activity and antioxidant reserves using the Kit Radicaux Libres test (KRL™ Kirial International, Couternon, France). One hundred and sixty piglets (Topics × Tempo) weaned at 28 days of age were divided into four dietary treatment groups that were fed a commercial diet (the control group, C); 500 mg/kg Boswellia extract (BOS); 200 and 50 mg/kg Uncaria and Tanacetum extracts (UT) respectively; and 225 mg/kg of an antioxidant plant extract mixture (AOX). The blood antioxidant activity of the piglets was measured using the KRL test and the reserves were analyzed on whole blood samples after hydrolysis with glucosidase, sulfatase and glucuronidase. No significant differences were observed in growth performance. The delta KRL values of the whole blood showed a significantly higher total antioxidant status of the piglets from the BOS and AOX groups than the UT and C groups (+30.7 BOS; +27.7 AOX vs. +17.81 UT +13.30 C; p = 0.002) between 18 and 28 days post-weaning. The delta KRL values of red blood cells (RBCs) showed a significantly higher total antioxidant status of the piglets from the AOX groups than the UT and BOS groups (+22.2 AOX; vs. +9.90 UT +9.4 BOS; p = 0.016) between the two sampling times. Reserves of UT and AOX were higher than C and BOS for all enzymes, glucosides, sulphates, and glucuronides. The biological KRL test proved to be an extremely sensitive tool to evaluate the piglets’ antioxidant status. Determining the antioxidant reserve also provides a better understanding of the real antioxidant status of pigs.

scholarly journals Serum Homocysteine and Reactive Species Levels in Fragility Fractures of the Pelvis

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 3216-3219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandru Filip ◽  
Oana Viola Badulescu ◽  
Paul Dan Sirbu ◽  
Elena Cojocaru ◽  
Nina Filip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Quality ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Fragility Fractures ◽  
Reactive Species ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Homocysteine ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
The Relationship

Although there are studies showing the link between homocysteine and bone quality, the relationship remains controversial. The purpose of the study was to investigate homocysteine levels in patients with fragility fractures of the pelvis and their association with serum Total Antioxidant Status.The study included a group of 60 patients, aged ]65years, with pelvic fragility fractures and osteoporosis admitted in our trauma department between January 2015 and January 2018 and a control group of 30 patients, aged ]65years without fragility fractures or osteoporosis.The total antioxidant status (TAS) and homocysteine (Hcy) concentrations were determined in serum of all the patients. TAS levels had a significantly lower values in the group with pelvic fragility fractures compared with the control group (p[0.001).We noticed a significant higher mean of Hcy levels (p[0.001) in patients with pelvic fragility fractures compared with the control group. As conclusion this study shows that patients with fragility fractures of the pelvis have moderately elevated levels of homocysteine and reduced serum Total Antioxidant Status.

Metformin protects against diabetes–induced heart injury and dunning prostate cancer model

2020 ◽  
pp. 096032712094745
Author(s):  
BB Bayrak ◽  
P Koroglu ◽  
O Karabulut Bulan ◽  
R Yanardag
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cancer Group ◽  
Total Antioxidant

In this study, both diabetes and Dunning prostate cancer were induced for the first time in Copenhagen rats in vivo. Thus, the effects of metformin against heart tissue damage of these rats were investigated by biochemical methods. Dunning prostate cancer was induced in Copenhagen rats using high metastatic MAT-LyLu cells. The rats were divided as follows: Control group: only injected with 0.9% NaCl for 14 days; Diabetic group: only injected single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) (65 mg/kg); Cancer group: subcutaneously (s.c) inoculated with 2 x 104 MAT-LyLu cells only; Diabetic + cancer (DC) group: inoculated with 2 x 104 MAT-LyLu cells and STZ injection, Cancer + metformin (CM) group: injected with metformin for 14 days after Mat-LyLu cells application; Diabetic + cancer + metformin (DCM) group: metformin administered for 14 days together with STZ and Mat-LyLu cells. At the end of the experimental period, heart tissues were taken. Reduced glutathione and total antioxidant status levels in heart tissues were decreased, whereas lipid peroxidation, advanced oxidized protein products, nitric oxide, homocysteine, and reactive oxygen species levels, total oxidant status and catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase and xanthine oxidase activities increased in the diabetic, cancer and DC groups. Treatment with metformin reversed these effects. In conclusion, the present study shows that metformin has a protective effect against heart tissue damage in STZ-induced diabetic rats with Dunning prostate cancer.

Oxidative stress increases in carbon monoxide poisoning patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Havva Sahin Kavakli ◽  
Ozcan Erel ◽  
Orhan Delice ◽  
Gizem Gormez ◽  
Semra Isikoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Oxidant Status ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Oxidant Status

Objective: Carbon monoxide poisoning (COP) is one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality in toxicological cases. In this study, we aimed to find out more about the pathophysiology of COP by investigating the effects of COP on oxidative stress parameters such as total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS). Methods: Eighty-eight patients admitted to the emergency department of our hospital with acute COP and 35 healthy adults as control group were included in this study. Blood samples were collected from all COP patients at the time of initial emergency department evaluation to determine the oxidative stress parameters. Then, serum levels of total antioxidant status and total oxidant status levels were measured. Results: A total of 88 patients poisoned by carbon monoxide (CO; mean age 37.1 ± 18.2 years; 54’% women) were enrolled. TOS and carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels in COP patients were increased when compared to control group (p = 0.001). TOS, oxidative stress index (OSI) and COHb levels in COP patients were significantly lower after the treatment. (respectively, p = 0.016; p = 0.023; p = 0.001). On the other hand, no statistical differences were observed in TAS levels of study and control group as well as there were no changes with treatment. Conclusion: Measurements of TOS, TAS and OSI levels may be useful markers to find out the pathophsiology of COP.

scholarly journals Comparison of Oxidant/Antioxidant, Detoxification Systems in Various Tissue Homogenates and Mitochondria of Rats with Diabetes Induced by Streptozocin

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veysel Kenan Çelık ◽  
Zeynep Deniz Şahın ◽  
İsmail Sari ◽  
Sevtap Bakir
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cardiac Tissues ◽  
Mitochondrial Fractions ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Tissue Homogenates

Objective. Oxidative stress is considered to be the main factor in the development of diabetic complications and tissue injury. our objective was to investigate and compare the oxidant/antioxidant conditions and detoxification mechanisms of the liver, lung, kidney, cardiac tissues, and mitochondria of rats with diabetes induced by streptozocin (STZ).Methods. Rats with diabetes induced by streptozocin were anesthetized by administering 90 mg/kg ketamine hydrochloride and 3 mg/kg xylazine hydrochloride. Thoracic cavities were incised open; liver, lung, kidney, and cardiac tissues were removed and stored at−70°C. All samples were homogenized and mitochondrial fractions were separated. Total Antioxidant Status (TAS), Total Oxidant Status (TOS), Oxidative Stress Index (OSI), Paraoxonase (PON), Arylesterase, Catalase (Cat), Malondialdehyde (MDA), and Glutathion-S-transferase were measured in each fraction.Results. MDA and TOS levels were significantly increased in liver tissues, and T OS and OSI were increased in the mitochondrial fractions of diabetic rats. These increases were not statistically significant compared to the control group. No significant differences were determined in the antioxidant and GST activities.Conclusion. According to our results, oxidative stress has not developed in rats with diabetes induced by streptozocin. The detoxification system was induced; however, this induction did not differ significantly from the controls.

scholarly journals Effects of Acute Administration of D,L-Homocysteine Thiolactone on the Antioxidative Status of Rat Intestine and Liver

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Stojanović ◽  
Ljiljana Šćepanović ◽  
Olivera Bosnić ◽  
Dušan Mitrović ◽  
Olga Jozanov-Stankov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Rat Intestine ◽  
Homocysteine Thiolactone ◽  
Total Antioxidant

AbstractOxidative stress appears to play a role in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases. Increased homocysteine levels may play a role in the pathogenesis of Chron’s disease and ulcerative colitis. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of homocysteine on the antioxidant status of rat intestine and liver. The levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), activity of catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were investigated in the isolated gut and liver of young male rats in the control group (8 rats) and after 3-hоur incubation in high doses of D, L-homocysteine thionolactone (Hcy) (10 μmol/L) (8 rats). Samples of duodenum, ileum, colon and liver were homogenized in sodium phosphate buffer (1:10). Homogenates were centrifuged at 10000 for 10 min at 4° C and the supernatant was taken for biochemical assays. Our results showed that high D, L-homocysteine thionolactone concentration reduced enzymatic catalase activity in homogenates of the isolated segments of duodenum (27.04%) p<0.01; ileum (37.27%), colon (34.17%) and liver (67.46%) p<0.001. Exposition to high D,L-homocysteine thiolactone concentration significantly increased TBARS levels in the duodenum (106.05%), ileum (47.24%), colon (112.75%) and liver (32.07%) (p<0.01). Homocysteine also modifi ed the total antioxidant status of homogenates from the duodenum, ileum, colon and liver, increasing by 20.68% (duodenum), 24.74% (ileum), 14.88% (colon) and 19.35% (liver) (p<0.001). Homocysteine induced a consistent oxidative stress in rat’s intestine and liver (reduced activity of catalase and increased level of TBARS), but the elevated activity of TAS in our experiments could be explained as an adaptive response to the generated free radicals which indicates the failure of the total antioxidant defense mechanism to protect the tissues from damage caused by homocysteine.

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