Influence of Processes of Change on Stages of Change for Smoking Cessation

2021 ◽  
pp. 193672442110369
Author(s):  
Asrar Ahmad ◽  
Jagwinder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Change Models ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

Tobacco smoking is the leading cause of death in the world, accounting for more than eight million casualties. To reduce the prevalence of smoking, government and nongovernment players use interventions to reduce smoking and/or incite smoking cessation. These interventions are based on behavior change models. Foremost among those models is the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change developed by Dr Prochaska. The transtheoretical model theorizes that smoking cessation is a stage-wise change. This change is enabled by a set of processes of change. The current study identifies the relationship between two basic constructs of the model: processes of change and stages of change. The study also identifies the relative importance of different processes of change in different stages of change. Data analysis from this study shows that different processes of change have a differing influence on various stages of change. Experiential processes have a significant influence on the precessation stages and lack significant influence on the postcessation stages. On the contrary, behavioral processes have a significant influence on the postcessation stages and lack significant influence on the precessation stages.

Smokers' Engagement Behavior on Facebook regarding to Smoking Cessation Verbalization and Facebook Reaction Usage: Content Analysis (Preprint)

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jezdancher Watti ◽  
Máté Millner ◽  
Kata Siklósi ◽  
Hedvig Kiss ◽  
Oguz Kelemen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Change Talk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Linguistic Categories ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND The Transtheoretical Model recommends "processes of change", while the Motivational Interviewing approach offers “motivational language” as indicators of health behavior change. The relationship between these indicators and the usage of Facebook reaction buttons is little known. However, this relationship may highlight how to evaluate one of the most popular engagement indicators (Facebook reactions) in online health behavior change interventions. OBJECTIVE The study aim was to understand the relationship between processes of change, motivational language, Facebook users’ gender, and the Facebook reaction buttons. METHODS A total of 821 comments were analyzed in the current study (N=821), which came from different Facebook users, and responded to image-based, smoking cessation support contents. The processes of change (experiential and behavioral processes) and the motivational language (change talk and sustain talk) in the investigated comments were identified. The presence, the number, and the proportion of these linguistic categories were compared with the Facebook users’ gender and the usage of reaction buttons. RESULTS The Facebook users who used the “Haha” reaction button wrote significantly higher proportion of sustain talk than those who used the “Like” or “Love” reaction (P=.011). No significant difference in the number or proportion of linguistic categories was found between those who used the "Like" reaction button, and those who did not use reaction buttons. The Facebook users who combined the comment and “Love” reaction wrote significantly more change talk than those who used the “Haha” and “Like” reactions, or those who did not utilize these buttons (P<.001). Significant female dominance was observed in the presence, the number, and the proportion of experiential processes and change talk (P<.05). In addition, significant male predominance was found in the presence, the number, and the proportion of sustain talk (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS The "Haha" reaction may be a negative engagement indicator, the "Like" reaction may be a neutral engagement indicator, and the "Love" reaction may be a positive engagement indicator in terms of the smoking cessation during Facebook-based interventions. Furthermore, female engagement may be characterized by utilizing the terms of experiential processes and change talk, while the usage of sustain talk can be typical for male engagement. We recommend the evaluation of processes of change and motivational utterances in participants' comments during online public health interventions.

scholarly journals Predictive Value of the Transtheoretical Model to Smoking Cessation in Hospitalized Patients with Cardiovascular Disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Maud-Christine Chouinard ◽  
Sylvie Robichaud-Ekstrand
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Smoking Abstinence ◽  
Pros And Cons

Background: Several authors have questioned the Transtheoretical Model (TTM). Determining the predictive value of each cognitive-behavioural element within this model could explain the successes reported in smoking cessation programs. The purpose of this study was to predict point-prevalent smoking abstinence and progression through stages of change at 2 and 6 months, using the constructs of the TTM, when applied to a pooled sample of individuals who were hospitalized for a cardiovascular event. Methods: In a predictive correlation design, recently hospitalized patients (N = 168) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) were pooled from a randomized controlled trial. Independent variables of the predictive TTM comprise stages and processes of change, pros and cons to quit smoking (decisional balance), self-efficacy, and social support. These were evaluated at baseline, 2 and 6 months. Results: Compared with smokers, individuals who abstained from smoking at 2 and 6 months were more confident at baseline to remain non-smokers, perceived less pros and cons to continue smoking, utilized less consciousness raising and self-reevaluation experiential processes of change, and received more positive reinforcement from their social network with regard to their smoke-free behaviour. Self-efficacy at baseline was the only element which predicted that patients would progress through the stages of change between hospital discharge and 6 months. Conclusions: Self-efficacy was the only element which predicted smoking abstinence and progression through stages of change. Observations about the other elements are congruent with the TTM. This study provides important information regarding the application of the TTM to smoking cessation in CVD patients.

Do the Transtheoretical Processes of Change Predict Transitions in Stages of Change for Fruit Intake?

2006 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 603-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emely De Vet ◽  
Jascha De Nooijer ◽  
Nanne K. De Vries ◽  
Johannes Brug
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Internet Research ◽  
Change Processes ◽  
Fruit Intake ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Electronic Questionnaires

In a longitudinal study, it is examined whether the transtheoretical processes of change do predict stage transitions in fruit intake. A random sample of an existing Internet research panel resulted in a cohort of 735 adults, who were examined three times with electronic questionnaires assessing stages of change, processes of change, and fruit intake. Cross-sectional differences were found for the processes of change between precontemplation and all further stages. Experiential as well as behavioral processes increased from precontemplation to action with similar patterns. Both experiential and behavioral processes predicted forward transition out of precontemplation and forward transition into action, whereas only behavioral processes predicted forward transition out of contemplation. The results indicate that the transtheoretical processes of change predict stage transitions for fruit intake, but that the pattern of relevant processes for fruit intake is not as straightforward as outlined by the transtheoretical model of behavior change.

Development of a Culturally Specific Instrument for Mammography Screening: An Example With American Indian Women in Vermont

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary K. Canales ◽  
William Rakowski
Keyword(s):  
American Indian ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Mammography Screening ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Culturally Competent ◽  
American Indian Women ◽  
Indian Women ◽  
The Relationship

This article presents the triangulation process for translating qualitative data about mammography screening from a grounded theory study with American Indian women in Vermont, into questionnaire items based on an existing model of behavior change, the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) Stages-of-Change. Qualitative data were used to derive a theory, Moving in Between Mammography, which suggested that traditionality influenced American Indian women’s screening decisions. To examine the relationship between mammography and traditionality, new items were developed for each of three key TTM constructs: Pros, Cons, and Processes-of-Change. The process for developing the new TTM-based items, as well as traditionality items specific for American Indian women living off-reservation, are presented. This article provides one example of how an instrument can be developed within a culturally competent nursing framework.

An Examination of the Transtheoretical Model and Exercise Behavior in Older Adults

1995 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trish Gorely ◽  
Sandy Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Stage Of Change ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
Exercise Behavior ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the structure of the transtheoretical model (TM) in exercise behavior change among adults age 50–65 years (n = 583). The purpose was to examine the relationship between stage of change and the constructs of processes of change, self-efficacy, and decisional balance. The results showed that 5 of the 10 processes of change, self-efficacy, and both pros and cons make significant and unique contributions to discrimination between the stages. Specifically, the use of the processes of change was shown to fluctuate across the stages, self-efficacy was shown to increase from precontemplation to maintenance, and the balance between pros and cons was shown to change from precontemplation to maintenance. The similarity of these results to previous literature suggests that the process of behavior change hypothesized within the TM holds across different age groups and cultures. Several implications for intervention design and suggestions for further research are discussed.

scholarly journals Community-Level Sports Group Participation and Health Behaviors Among Older Non-Participants in a Sports Group: A Multilevel Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 531
Author(s):  
Taishi Tsuji ◽  
Satoru Kanamori ◽  
Yasuhiro Miyaguni ◽  
Katsunori Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Partial Regression Coefficient ◽  
Group Participation ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Relationship

This study validates the relationship between community-level sports group participation and the frequency of leaving the house and transtheoretical model stages of behavior change for exercise among older individuals who did not participate in a sports group. We used cross-sectional data from the 2016 Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. The proportion of sports group participants at the community level was calculated using the data from 157,233 older individuals living in 1000 communities. We conducted a multilevel regression analysis to examine the relationship between the proportion of sports group participants and the frequency of leaving the house (1 day/week or less) and the transtheoretical model stages of behavior change for exercise. A statistically significant relationship was observed between a high prevalence of sports group participation and lower risk of homeboundness (odds ratio: 0.94) and high transtheoretical model stages (partial regression coefficient: 0.06) as estimated by 10 percentage points of participation proportion. Older individuals, even those not participating in a sports group, living in a community with a high prevalence of sports group participation are less likely to be homebound; they are highly interested and have numerous opportunities to engage in exercise.

scholarly journals The profile of client's readiness for change and preference to typical processes of change

Psihologija ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Gavrilov-Jerkovic
Keyword(s):  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Readiness To Change ◽  
Readiness For Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model Of Change ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Theoretical Part ◽  
Research Author ◽  
Paper Author

In the theoretical part of this paper author considers the difficulties to define phenomenon of patient's readiness to change and proposes dimensions of transtheoretical model of change, that is, stages of change and processes as conceptual frames for exceeding those difficulties. Through the research author investigates the possibility to identify typical profiles of patient's readiness from the data about measured levels of particular stages of change. The results infer that several typical profiles of readiness can be identified and that it is possible that these profiles could be connected with tendency of patients to prefer passive or action-restructure processes of change.

Stages of the formation of the Islamic concept of international law in the medieval and modern time

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Okladnaya ◽  
Olena Hurenko
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Middle Ages

Problem setting. Islamic international law is a set of Islamic norms and customs that govern the relationship of Muslim States and Muslims with non-Muslim States, as well as with Muslim individuals within and outside the world of Islam. Islam has come a long and difficult way from the emergence of religion in modern ideology. It is considered one of the leading religions of the world and has a significant influence on a large number of people and states, so it is advisable to study one of the outstanding stages of the formation of the Islamic system in the field of international law, namely the Middle Ages and find out its connection with modernity. Analysis of recent researches and publications. The Islamic science of international law is in the process of development, during which its representatives try to combine the traditional values of Islam with the basic principles of modern international law. Among the scientists who made a significant contribution to the study of the Islamic concept of international law, its historical development and the modern situation, one can distinguish such as A. Butkevich, L. Sukiyainen, Al-Shaybani, Muhammad ibn al-Hasan, V. Knapp, M. Sana, Sardar Ali S., Hilmli M. Zavati, A. Merezhko, B. Feldman and others. Target of research. Study of the Islamic concept of international law, analysis and comparison of content, significance of Islamic international law in the Middle Ages and modern times. Article’s main body. The article is devoted to the main stages of the formation of one of the most important systems of international law – Islamic, which is a collection of unique traditional values, legal norms and customs of Islam. The stages of development in the Middle Ages and the connection with modernity were investigated, the main features in the Middle Ages were determined. Conclusions and prospects for the development. Islamic international law is a set of Islamic norms and customs that govern the relationship of Muslim States and Muslims with non-Muslim States, as well as with Muslim individuals within and outside the world of Islam. Islam has come a long and difficult way from the emergence of religion in modern ideology. It is considered one of the leading religions of the world and has a significant influence on a large number of people and states, so it is advisable to study one of the outstanding stages of the formation of the Islamic system in the field of international law, namely the Middle Ages and find out its connection with modernity.

scholarly journals Stages of change and factors associated with misperceived eating behavior in obese individuals

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydiane Bragunci BEDESCHI ◽  
Aline Cristine Souza LOPES ◽  
Luana Caroline dos SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Maintenance Stage

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the stages of behavior change related to fat and fruit/vegetable intakes and the factors associated with misperceived eating behavior (pseudo-maintenance). Methods: This cross-sectional study collected sociodemographic, socioeconomic, health, and food intake data from obese individuals (n=103) aged ≥20 years. Stages of behavior change according to the Transtheoretical Model were measured for fat and fruit/vegetable intakes. The pseudo-maintenance stage was reclassified in subjects in the action/maintenance stage who had inappropriate food habits. Multiple logistic regression models were proposed to assess the factors associated with misperceptions. Results: The prevalences of pseudo-maintenance for fat and fruit/vegetable intakes were 23.3 and 19.4%, respectively. The factors associated with misperceived fat intake were overconsumption of saturated fatty acids (OR=3.84; 1.18-12.56) and age (OR=1.06; 1.02-1.11), and with fruit and vegetable intake, income (OR=0.99; 0.98-0.99). Conclusion: The results reveal that perceived eating behavior and actual food intake diverge from anthropometric and health data, signaling the need of different intervention strategies to raise awareness in this group for the need of modifications.

Educational Intervention Enhances Consumers' Readiness To Adopt Food Thermometer Use When Cooking Small Cuts of Meat: An Application of the Transtheoretical Model

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 1874-1883 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASAMI T. TAKEUCHI ◽  
MIRIAM EDLEFSEN ◽  
SANDRA M. McCURDY ◽  
VIRGINIA N. HILLERS
Keyword(s):  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Readiness To Adopt ◽  
Educational Campaigns

An intervention to promote use of food thermometers when cooking small cuts of meat was conducted using the Transtheoretical Model. Objectives were to (i) increase use of food thermometers by home food preparers, (ii) improve consumers' attitudes regarding use of a food thermometer, and (iii) examine relationships between stages of change and decisional balance, self-efficacy, and processes of change. A randomly selected group of residents of Washington and Idaho (n = 2,500) were invited to participate in the research; 295 persons completed all phases of the multistep intervention. Following the intervention program, there was a significant increase in food thermometer use when cooking small cuts of meat (P &lt; 0.01); those persons classified in action and maintenance stages increased from 9 to 34%. Ownership of thermometers also significantly increased (P &lt; 0.05). The three constructs related to the Transtheoretical Model that were used in the study (decisional balance, self-efficacy, and processes of change) were very useful for examining differences among people at different stages of change because the responses for each set of questions differed positively and significantly (P &lt; 0.01) as stages of change classifications advanced from precontemplation (no interest in thermometer use) to action and maintenance (individuals who use food thermometers). Additional educational campaigns designed to increase use of food thermometers are needed. Because most consumers are currently in the precontemplation stage, food thermometer campaigns will be most effective when they are focused on raising awareness of the food safety risks and the benefits of using food thermometers when cooking small cuts of meat.

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