scholarly journals Incidence and risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus in individuals with different fasting plasma glucose levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 204201882092884
Author(s):  
Yumei Han ◽  
Shan Zhang ◽  
Shuo Chen ◽  
Jingbo Zhang ◽  
Xiuhua Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Obesity Hypertension

Objective: Our aim was to examine the incidence and risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among individuals with different fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels. Methods: According to the first FPG value recorded between January 2006 and December 2017, individuals without T2DM (FPG <7 mmol/L) were divided into three groups: normal fasting glucose (NFG, FPG < 5.6 mmol/L), slightly impaired fasting glucose (IFGlow, 5.6 mmol/L ⩽ FPG < 6.1 mmol/L), and severely impaired fasting glucose (IFGhigh, 6.1 mmol/L ⩽ FPG < 7.0 mmol/L). Physical examination results, blood biochemical indicators, and questionnaire survey data were collected and the T2DM incidence was examined during the follow-up period. A Cox regression model was used to analyze the T2DM risk factors in the three groups. Results: A total of 44,852 individuals (55.33% men) were included in our study. During the follow-up period (mean follow-up time: 3.73 ± 0.01 years), 2912 T2DM cases occurred. The T2DM incidence rate of the NFG, IFGlow, and IFGhigh groups were 1.5%, 22.2%, and 43.8%, respectively ( p < 0.05). In the NFG group, the risk factors for T2DM were older age, overweight, obesity, hypertension, hyperuricemia, and increased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR); the protective factors were female sex and high high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). In the IFGlow group, the risk factors for T2DM were older age, overweight, obesity, hypertension, and high total cholesterol (TC); the protective factors were increased triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and HDL-C. In the IFGhigh group, the risk factors for T2DM were older age, obesity, high eGFR, and high TC; the protective factors were female sex, hyperuricemia, high LDL-C, and high HDL-C (all, p < 0.05). Conclusions: The increased T2DM rates were associated with increased FPG. Risk factors for T2DM vary in the NFG, IFGlow, and IFGhigh groups.

scholarly journals Perkembangan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 dari Prediabetes di Bogor, Jawa Barat

2018 ◽  
pp. 59-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Sulistiowati ◽  
Marice Sihombing
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Abstrak Prediabetes merupakan kondisi gula darah puasa 100-125mg/dL (Impaired Fasting Glucose/IFG) atau kadar gula darah 2 jam setelah pembebanan 75 g glukosa 140-199 mg/dL (Impaired Glucose Tolerance/IGT). Prediabetes meningkatkan risiko terjadinya Diabetes Mellitus tipe 2 (DM tipe 2). Tujuan analisis ini untuk mengetahui terjadinya DM Tipe 2 pada responden dengan prediabetes dalam follow-up 2 tahun. Prospektif studi dalam 2 tahun pada 3344 responden Studi Kohor Faktor Risiko PTM non-DM tipe 2. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi wawancara, pemeriksaan fisik (BB, TB, lingkar perut, tekanan darah), dan laboratorium (GDP, GDPP, Kolesterol total, HDL, LDL, Trigliserida). Kadar glukosa darah untuk DM Tipe 2 dan prediabetes mengacu pada kriteria ADA 2011. Analisis deskriptif tentang karakteristik, life tabel perkembangan DM Tipe 2 dari prediabetes. Prediabetes yang terjadi sebesar 24,6% (IFG 2,3%; IGT 19,2% dan mix IFG/IGT 2,8%) dan 13,4% mengalami DM tipe 2 dalam kurun waktu 2 tahun. Progresivitas terjadinya DM dari IFG, IGT dan mix TGTmasing-masing 6,21; 6,12 dan 14,6 per 100 orang per tahun. Faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi terjadinya DM tipe 2 antara lain: umur (40-54 tahun RR=1,97; CI 95%:1,02-3,82), 55-65 tahun (RR=2,74; CI 95%: 1,34-5,58), obesitas sentral (RR=4,42; CI 95%: 2,36-8,29), hipertensi (RR= 1,99; CI 95%: 1,29-3,06) dan hipertrigliserida (RR=1,83; CI 95%: 1,18-2,83). Proporsi prediabetes dan terjadinya DM tipe 2 di Bogor Tengah dalam pengamatan 2 tahun, meningkat dengan bertambahnya umur dan dipengaruhi oleh obesitas sentral, hipertensi, hipertrigliserida. Pengendalian faktor risiko dan pemeriksaan gula darah secara rutin dapat mencegah terjadinya DM tipe 2. Perlu ditunjang dengan posbindu PTM aktif di masyarakat, lingkungan kerja maupun sekolah. Kata kunci: Prediabetes, Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 (DM tipe 2), Bogor Tengah Abstract Prediabetes is a condition that fasting plasma glucose 100-125 mg/dL (Impaired Fasting Glucose/IFG) or blood glucose 2 hours after loading 75 g glucose 140-199 mg/dL (Impaired Glucose Tolerance/IGT). Prediabetes increases the risk of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). This analysis is to determine the progression rate to T2DM in prediabetes respondents during 2 years follow up. This is an two years prospective study in 3344 respondents Cohort Study of Risk Factors NCD without T2DM. The data collected included interviews, physical examination (body weight, height, abdominal circumference, blood pressure), and laboratory (fasting plasma glucose/FPG, plasma glucose 2 hours after loading 75 g glucose, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides). Blood glucose levels for DM and prediabetes refers to ADA criteria 2011. Data analisized by descriptive about characteristics, life table of T2DM development from prediabetes. Prediabetes occurred at 24.6% (IFG 2.3%, IGT 19.2% and mix IFG / IGT 2.8%) and 13.4% experienced type 2 diabetes within 2 years. The progression of DM from IFG, IGT and mix TGT is 6.21; 6.12 and 14,6 per 100 person per year respectively. The risk factors of T2DM are age (40-54 years old (RR=1,97; CI 95%:1,02-3,82), 55-65 years old (RR=2,74; CI 95%:1,34-5,58), central obesity (RR=4,42; CI 95%:2,36-8,29), hypertension (RR=1,99; CI 95%:1,29-3,06) and hypertriglyceride (RR=1,83; CI 95%:1,18-2,83). The proportion of prediabetes and progression T2DM in Central Bogor at 2 years follow up is quite high, increasing with age and influenced by central obesity, hypertension and hypertriglyceride. Controlling risk factors and checking blood glucose regularly can prevent T2DM. Need to be supported by posbindu PTM active in the community, work environment and school. Keywords: Prediabetes, type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), Central Bogor

Abstract 008: Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Preceded by β-cell Dysfunction, Insulin Resistance, or Both: The Cardiovascular Health Study

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumiaki Imamura ◽  
Kenneth J Mukamal ◽  
James B Meigs ◽  
Jose A Luchsinger ◽  
Joachim H Ix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Cell Dysfunction

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) results from insulin resistance (IR), pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, or both. We hypothesized that risk factors could differ for DM preceded predominantly by IR, β-cell dysfunction, or both. This hypothesis is particularly important for older adults, in whom β-cell dysfunction may be relatively common. Methods: During 18 years of follow-up among 3,899 older adults free of DM (mean±sd age =73.0±5.8), we identified 274 incident DM cases by DM medication use, fasting glucose (≥126 mg/dL), or 2-hour post-challenge glucose (≥200 mg/dL), for whom homeostatic model assessments for IR (HOMA-IR) and β-cell function (HOMA-B) were assessed after baseline and before DM diagnosis. Using median cutoffs of the follow-up HOMA-IR and HOMA-B, we subclassified incident DM into DM preceded by IR only (n=112), β-cell dysfunction only (n=70), or both (n=77). Using multivariate competing-risk Cox models, we tested whether DM risk factors were differentially associated with risk of each DM subclass. Results: Elevated triglyceride levels (≥150 mg/dL) and impaired fasting glucose (100-125 mg/dL) were each positively associated with DM, irrespective of the DM subclass. Other DM risk factors of older age, overweight, obesity, low HDL cholesterol, and hypertension had substantially varying relationships with risk of different DM subclasses (p<0.001 for the variations). For example, overweight (BMI=25-29.9 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI≥30 kg/m2) were each positively associated with DM preceded by IR only (hazard ratio [95% CI]= 2.21 [1.25-3.92] and 5.02 [2.81-9.00], respectively), but with a significant inverse association with DM preceded by β-cell dysfunction only (0.61 [0.37-1.00] and 0.33 [0.14-0.80], respectively) (Figure). Conclusions: Among older adults, some DM risk factors differ substantially depending on HOMA-IR or HOMA-B subclassification. These findings support our hypothesis of heterogeneity in incident DM, especially among older adults.

scholarly journals Association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and type 2 diabetes mellitus among Chinese: the Beijing longitudinal study of aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Cao ◽  
Zhe Tang ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Haibin Li ◽  
Manjot Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hazards Model ◽  
New Onset

Abstract Background Some previous studies on different populations have yielded inconsistent findings with respect to the relationship between levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and future type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) incidence. This study was designed to gain further insight into this relationship through a cohort study with a 25-year follow-up duration. Methods In total, 1462 individuals that were 55 years of age or older and were free of T2DM at baseline were enrolled in the present study. T2DM incidence among this study population was detected through self-reported diagnoses or the concentration of fasting plasma glucose. The data were derived from nine surveys conducted from 1992 to 2017. The correlation between HDL-C levels and the T2DM risk was assessed through Cox proportional-hazards model and proportional hazards model for the sub-distribution with time-dependent variables. Results Over the follow-up period, 120 participants were newly diagnosed with new-onset T2DM. When research participants were separated into four groups on the basis for quartiles of their levels of HDL-C measured at baseline, and incidence of diabetes declined with higher baseline HDL-C levels at 12.60, 9.70, 5.38, and 5.22 per 1000 person-years, respectively. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were 0.98 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.62–1.55), 0.48 (95% CI: 0.27–0.85) and 0.44 (95% CI: 0.25–0.80) for individuals with HDL-C levels within the 1.15–1.39, 1.40–1.69, and ≥ 1.70 mmol/L ranges relative to participants with HDL-C levels < 1.15 mmol/L. Multiple sensitivity analyses similarly revealed reduced risk of diabetes incidence with increased HDL-C levels. Incorporating the levels of HDL-C into a multivariate model significantly enhanced the overall power of the predictive model (P values were 0.0296, 0.0011, respectively, for 5- and 10-year risk of diabetes). Conclusions Levels of HDL-C were independently and negatively associated with the risk of the new-onset T2DM among middle-aged and elderly Chinese.

scholarly journals Aortic plaques in patients with atrial fibrillation: an often-forgotten risk factor for thromboembolism

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.F Esteves ◽  
L Parreira ◽  
M Fonseca ◽  
J.M Farinha ◽  
J Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
P Value ◽  
Af Ablation ◽  
Aortic Plaques ◽  
Af Recurrence

Abstract Background CHA2DS2-VASc risk score is the main determinant for maintaining anticoagulation after atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation, irrespective of the procedure outcome. The presence of aortic plaques is included in the score, but isn't regularly assessed previously to AF ablation. This way, risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) other than arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus may influence stroke risk in patients with AF, albeit not being included in the CHA2DS2-VASc score. Purpose We sought to evaluate the prevalence of aortic plaques diagnosed during transesophageal echocardiography (TOE) in patients submitted to AF ablation and to assess its determinants and clinical impact on the CHA2DS2-VASc score. Methods Retrospective study of patients submitted to AF ablation that performed TOE prior to the procedure, with assessment of aortic plaques. CHA2DS2-VASc risk score was evaluated in the pre-ablation patient evaluation and reassessed after TOE. Demographic, clinical and echocardiographic data, including cardiovascular risk factors, were analyzed. We assessed AF recurrence rate, cerebrovascular events and death during follow-up. Results 120 patients were submitted to TOE prior to AF ablation from November 2015 to December 2020, mean age 66.6 (±9.55) years, 48% male. In 30 (25%) patients aortic plaques were identified in TOE. Mean CHA2DS2-VASc was 2.2 (±1.47) in pre-ablation evaluation and 2.5 (±1.69) post-TOE, increasing in all patients with aortic plaques and prompting beginning of oral anticoagulation in 5 patients. AF was paroxysmal in 74% and persistent in 26% of patients, mean duration of 6.28 (±3.76) years. Arterial hypertension was present in 79 (66%) of patients, type 2 diabetes mellitus in 24 (20%) and dyslipidemia in 67 (56%). 17 (14%) patients had a prior stroke. During a mean follow-up of 30 (±18.3) months, 32 (27%) patients had AF recurrence and 10 (8%) were submitted to redo procedures. 107 (89%) patients remained under oral anticoagulation, stroke occurred in 1 patient and 2 patients died. In univariate analysis, age, type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia predicted an increase in CHA2DS2-VASc score after TOE (respectively, OR 1.113, 95% CI 1.041–1.190, p-value 0.002; OR 2.907, 95% CI 1.145–7.379, p-value 0.025; and OR 2.442, 95% CI 1.016–5.868, p-value 0.046). In multivariate analysis, age is the only independent predictor of increased CHA2DS2-VASc score after TOE (OR 1.095, 95% CI 1.013–1.185, p-value 0.023). No risk factor for CAD was independently associated with the presence of aortic plaques (Table 1). Conclusion In this population, single CAD risk factors were not independent predictors of aortic plaques. If TOE had not been performed prior to AF ablation, 25% of patients would have had an underestimated CHA2DS2-VASc score and would be off anticoagulation after the procedure, unprotected from thromboembolic events. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None. Table 1

scholarly journals Prognostic Value of Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 5 in Heart Failure Patients With and Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiandi Wu ◽  
Haoxiao Zheng ◽  
Xinyue Liu ◽  
Peisong Chen ◽  
Yunlong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Related Protein

Background: Patients with heart failure (HF) with diabetes mellitus have distinct biomarker profiles compared with those without diabetes mellitus. SFRP5 (secreted frizzled-related protein 5) is an anti-inflammatory adipokine with an important suppressing role on the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of SFRP5 in patients with HF with and without T2DM. Methods: The study included 833 consecutive patients with HF, 312 (37.5%) of whom had T2DM. Blood samples were collected at presentation, and SFRP5 levels were measured. The primary outcome was the composite end points of first occurrence of HF rehospitalization or all-cause mortality during follow-up. Results: During median follow-up of 2.1 years, 335 (40.2%) patients in the cohort experienced the composite primary outcome. After adjustment for multiple risk factors, each doubling of SFRP5 level was associated with a 21% decreased risk of primary outcomes in the overall study population ( P <0.001). Subgroup analyses showed that the association between level of SFPR5 and primary outcomes may be stronger in patients with T2DM (hazard ratio, 0.69 [95% CI, 0.61–0.79]) than in patients without T2DM (hazard ratio, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.79–1.01]; interaction P =0.006). Similar associations were observed when taking SFRP5 as a categorical variable. Addition of SFRP5 significantly improved discrimination and reclassification of the incident primary outcomes beyond clinical risk factors and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in all patients with HF and those with T2DM (all P <0.01). Conclusions: SFRP5 is an independent novel biomarker for risk stratification in HF, especially in HF with T2DM.

scholarly journals DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS AND RISK FACTORS OF DYSLIPIDEMIA IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN BOGOR, INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
SARASWATI PRADIPTA ◽  
HERI WIBOWO ◽  
DANTE SAKSONO HARBUWONO ◽  
EKOWATI RAHAJENG ◽  
RAHMA AYU LARASATI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients tend to have abnormal lipid profiles, explaining the association between elevated cholesterol andtriglyceride levels in diabetic patients and coronary heart disease. This study aims to evaluate how the common risk factors for dyslipidemia affectthe lipid profile of diabetic patients and to determine which factors can be used as predictors for the occurrence of dyslipidemia in T2DM patients.Methods: A total of 238 diabetic patients (63 male and 175 female; age: 31–70 years) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. All of them hadundergone regular examinations in cohort studies on risk factors for non-communicable diseases conducted by the Ministry of Health in Bogorbetween December 2017 and January 2018.Results: The result found that age differences did not affect lipid profile levels, and the females had higher mean values of body mass index (p<0.001),total cholesterol (TC) (p<0.05), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (p<0.001) than the males. The most common occurrences of dyslipidemia werehigh TC level (57.1%), followed by high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level (47.1%), high triglyceride level (37.4%), and low HDL level (16.4%). Beingoverweight was found to be the best predictor of dyslipidemia.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that in T2DM patients, sex affects TC and HDL levels, whereas age does not exert a significant effect onthe lipid profiles. In addition, poor glycemic control, hypertension, and obesity may serve as predictors of dyslipidemia in T2DM patients.

The predictive value of endothelin-1 and type 2 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Youssri ◽  
M Ohlsson ◽  
V Hamrefors ◽  
O Mellander
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Onset Diabetes ◽  
New Onset

Abstract Introduction Endothelin 1 is a potent vasoconstrictor released from mainly vascular endothelial cells and to a lesser extent adipose, muscle and renal tissues. Its involvement in cardiovascular disease is well documented, with increasing ET-1 levels correlated to cardiovascular events. Less is however, known about its role in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Purpose To test if ET-1 plasma levels predict the risk of developing type 2 diabetes independently of known risk factors. Method The Malmo Preventive project is a prospective single centre population-based study which recruited 33 346 inhabitants in Malmo, Sweden between 1974–1992. A follow up study was conducted between 2002 and 2006 on willing participants of which 18 240 accepted. Cardiovascular risk factors were documented along with blood plasma samples frozen to −80°C available for further analysis among approximately 5000 subjects. Record linkage with national and regional diagnoses and drug prescription registries was performed to identify all new onset type 2 diabetes cases in this cohort during a mean follow-up period of nine years. C-terminal proendothelin-1 (proET-1), a stable precursor to ET-1, levels were analysed by a double sandwich immunoassay (ThermoFisher) among 4536 individuals with complete data and without diabetes at baseline. The subjects were divided into quartiles based on proET-1 levels and hazard ratios (HR) for new onset diabetes were calculated by Cox Proportional Hazards Model adjusting for age, gender, smoking, hypertension, body mass index (BMI) and fasting glucose. Results There was a positive relationship between increasing proET-1 quartiles and age (p&lt;0.001), hypertension (p&lt;0.001), BMI (p&lt;0.001) and smoking (p&lt;0.001). There was no significant relationship between ET-1 quartiles and fasting glucose (p=0.08) and gender (p=0.21). In models adjusted for age, gender, smoking, hypertension, fasting glucose and BMI among non-diabetic subjects each 1 standard deviation increment of proET-1 conferred a hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for new onset diabetes during follow up period of 1.12 (1.00–1.26) (p=0.05). The hazard ratio for incident diabetes in quartile 4 (Q4) vs quartile 1 (Q1) was 1.40 (1.03–1.92) (p=0.03). Of note, the predictive value of proET-1 was markedly higher among individuals without pre-diabetes (fasting glucose &lt;6.1) with a hazard ratio of 1.27 per standard deviation proET-1 (CI 1.09–1.49, p=0.02) and 2.18 (CI 1.41–3.36, p&lt;0.001) when comparing proET-1 Q4 vs Q1. There was no significant relationship between the risk of new onset diabetes and proET-1 levels among pre-diabetic individuals. Conclusion Raised proET-1 levels among non-diabetic individuals independently predict risk of new onset type 2 diabetes. The predictive value is driven by the part of the population without prediabetes, suggesting that proET-1 might identify individuals at “hidden high risk”, i.e. indivduals who do not get medical attention by having prediabetes. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation Clinical Scholars and Göran Gustafsson Foundation

scholarly journals Prevalence of dyslipidemia and associated risk factors among newly diagnosed Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients in Kushtia, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. e0000003
Author(s):  
Md. Saad Ahmmed ◽  
Suvasish Das Shuvo ◽  
Dipak Kumar Paul ◽  
M. R. Karim ◽  
Md. Kamruzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Dyslipidemia is considered a significant modifiable risk factor for type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and has become one of the emerging health problems throughout the world. In Bangladesh, data on dyslipidemia among newly diagnosed T2DM patients are comparatively inadequate. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of dyslipidemia and its associated risk factors in newly diagnosed T2DM patients. This cross-sectional study was conducted by a well-structured questionnaire from 132 newly diagnosed type-2 diabetic patients attending the Mujibur Rahman Memorial Diabetic Hospital in Kushtia, Bangladesh. Data regarding socio-demographic, anthropometric, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were collected from all the respondents. The association between dyslipidemia and its associated factors was analyzed using the multivariate logit regression model. The findings suggest that the prevalence rate of dyslipidemia was 75.7% in female and 72.6% in male T2DM patients. The odds of having dyslipidemia were 1.74 (95% Cl: 1.58–1.87) times significantly higher in female (p<0.001). The other factors associated with dyslipidemia encompassed age between 30–39 years (OR: 2.32, 95% CI: 1.97–2.69), obesity (OR: 2.63, 95% CI: 2.27–2.90), waist circumferences of male ≥90 and female ≥80 (OR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.59–1.89), hypertensive patients (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.45–1.74), physically inactive (OR: 3.25, 95% CI: 1.84–4.68), and current smoker or tobacco user (OR: 1.93, 95% CI: 1.85–2.13). This study concluded that the high prevalence of dyslipidemia was found among newly diagnosed type-2 diabetes patients and associated with gender, age, BMI, waist circumference, poor physical activity, and smoking, or tobacco use. This result will support increase awareness of dyslipidemia and its associated risk factors among type-2 diabetes patients.

scholarly journals Interaction between the dietary indices (DQI, DPI, HEI) and PPAR-γ gene variants on cardiovascular risk factors in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faezeh Abaj ◽  
Gity Sotoudeh ◽  
Elmira Karimi ◽  
Masoumeh Rafiee ◽  
Fariba Koohdani
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Pro12ala Polymorphism ◽  
Ppar Γ ◽  
Dietary Indices

Background: We investigated the interaction between PPAR-γ Pro12Ala polymorphism and Healthy Eating Index (HEI), Dietary Quality Index-International (DQI-I) and Dietary Phytochemical Index (DPI) on Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 393 diabetic patients. PPAR-γ Pro12Ala was genotyped by PCR-RFLP method. Biochemical markers including total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG), superoxide dismutase (SOD), C-reactive protein (CRP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), pentraxin-3 (PTX3), isoprostaneF2α (PGF2α) were measured by standard protocol. FFQ was used for dietary indices (DQI, DPI, HEI) calculation. Results: There was no significant relationship between PPAR-γ Pro12Ala polymorphism and CVD risk factors. The rs1801282-DQI interactions were significant on WC (P= 0.01). Thus, C-allele carriers in the higher tertile of DQI had higher WC compared to GG homozygous. Further, an interaction was observed between PPAR rs1801282 polymorphism and DQI on serum IL-18 level (P = 0.03). Besides, a significant rs1801282-DPI interaction was shown on HDL concentration (P Interaction= 0.04), G allele carriers who were in the highest tertile of DPI, had lower HDL. Moreover, there were significant rs1801282-HEI interactions on ghrelin (P= 0.04) in the crude model and serum leptin (P = 0.02) in the adjusted model. Individuals with (CC, CG) genotypes in the higher tertile of HEI, had lower leptin and ghrelin concentration. Conclusions: Higher dietary indices (DQI, DPI, HEI) may affect the relationship between PPAR-γ Pro12Ala polymorphism and waist circumference and ghrelin, leptin, HDL-c, IL-18 concentration in patients with T2DM. To date, studies on this polymorphism have been shown that this gene can interact with diabetes and different nutritional factors. For the first time, this study provides information on the interaction of dietary indices (DQI, DPI, HEI) and PPAR-γ gene which is functionally effective in nutrient metabolism.

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