Serotonergic hallucinogens and recognition of facial emotion expressions: a systematic review of the literature

Background: Recognition of emotions in facial expressions (REFE) is a key aspect of social cognition. Anxiety and mood disorders are associated with deficits in REFE, and anxiolytics and antidepressants reverse these deficits. Recent studies have shown that serotonergic hallucinogens (i.e. ayahuasca, dimethyltryptamine, psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide [LSD], and mescaline) have anxiolytic and antidepressant properties, but their effects on REFE are not well understood. The purpose of the study was to conduct a systematic review analyzing the effects of serotonergic hallucinogens on REFE in humans. Methods: Studies published in the PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases until 19 October 2018 which analyzed the effects of serotonergic hallucinogens on REFE in humans were included. Results: Of the 62 studies identified, 8 studies were included. Included studies involved the administration of a single or a few doses of LSD or psilocybin, and most trials were randomized and controlled with placebo. LSD and psilocybin reduced the recognition of negative emotions in most studies and modulated amygdala activity to these stimuli, which was correlated with antidepressive effects in patients. Both drugs were well tolerated. Conclusions: Serotonergic hallucinogens reduced the recognition of negative emotions by modulating amygdala activity. Despite the small sample sizes, results suggest that serotonergic hallucinogens show promising beneficial effects on deficits in REFE.

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A systematic review of the effects of psychiatric medications on social cognition

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-021-03545-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Zoë Haime ◽

Andrew J. Watson ◽

Nadia Crellin ◽

Louise Marston ◽

Eileen Joyce ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Social Cognition ◽

Emotional Processing ◽

Drug Effects ◽

Small Sample ◽

Narrative Synthesis ◽

Amygdala Activity ◽

Drug Treatments ◽

Small Sample Sizes ◽

The Impact

Abstract Introduction Social cognition is an important area of mental functioning relevant to psychiatric disorders and social functioning, that may be affected by psychiatric drug treatments. The aim of this review was to investigate the effects of medications with sedative properties, on social cognition. Method This systematic review included experimental and neuroimaging studies investigating drug effects on social cognition. Data quality was assessed using a modified Downs and Black checklist (Trac et al. CMAJ 188: E120-E129, 2016). The review used narrative synthesis to analyse the data. Results 40 papers were identified for inclusion, 11 papers investigating benzodiazepine effects, and 29 investigating antipsychotic effects, on social cognition. Narrative synthesis showed that diazepam impairs healthy volunteer’s emotion recognition, with supporting neuroimaging studies showing benzodiazepines attenuate amygdala activity. Studies of antipsychotic effects on social cognition gave variable results. However, many of these studies were in patients already taking medication, and potential practice effects were identified due to short-term follow-ups. Conclusion Healthy volunteer studies suggest that diazepam reduces emotional processing ability. The effects of benzodiazepines on other aspects of social cognition, as well as the effects of antipsychotics, remain unclear. Interpretations of the papers in this review were limited by variability in measures, small sample sizes, and lack of randomisation. More robust studies are necessary to evaluate the impact of these medications on social cognition.

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Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Symptom Management in Children and Adolescents With Cancer: A Systematic Review

Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing ◽

10.1177/1043454220944126 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 37 (6) ◽

pp. 423-430

Author(s):

Deborah Tomlinson ◽

Lillian Sung ◽

Emily Vettese ◽

Shelley Murphy ◽

Erin Plenert

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Symptom Burden ◽

Small Sample ◽

Chronic Illnesses ◽

Future Research ◽

Sample Sizes ◽

Specific Symptom ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Small Sample Sizes

Psychological interventions have shown benefit in reducing symptoms in children and adolescents with cancer. More recently, mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have been shown to be a promising approach to symptom intervention in adolescents with chronic illnesses. In this systematic review, we aimed to describe MBIs or focused-breathing interventions that have been used to treat symptoms in children receiving cancer therapy. A systematic review was conducted using MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO from inception to September 2019. We identified relevant articles in which MBIs or focused-breathing interventions were the primary interventions delivered to improve symptoms in children or adolescents with cancer. Six studies met the inclusion criteria. MBIs included controlled breathing and belly breathing. Intervention effects were found to be beneficial with regard to symptoms that included procedural pain, distress, and quality of life. The interventions were generally well accepted and beneficial. All studies suffered limitations because of methodological flaws, including the lack of randomization, and small sample sizes. Despite the small numbers of studies and participants, MBIs delivered to children with cancer may have beneficial effects on certain symptoms. Implications for future research include interventions tailored to the specific symptom burden. Studies must aim to increase sample sizes as well as to include individuals at high risk for severe symptoms.

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A Systematic Review of the Effects of Psychiatric Medications on Social Cognition

10.21203/rs.3.rs-651572/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zoë Haime ◽

Andrew J Watson ◽

Nadia Crellin ◽

Louise Marston ◽

Eileen Joyce ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Social Cognition ◽

Emotional Processing ◽

Drug Effects ◽

Small Sample ◽

Processing Ability ◽

Amygdala Activity ◽

Drug Treatments ◽

Small Sample Sizes ◽

The Impact

Abstract IntroductionSocial cognition is an important area of mental functioning relevant to psychiatric disorders and social functioning, that may be affected by psychiatric drug treatments. The aim of this review was to investigate the effects of medications with sedative properties, on social cognition. MethodThis systematic review included experimental and neuroimaging studies investigating drug effects on social cognition. Data quality was assessed using a modified Downs and Black checklist [40]. The review used narrative synthesis to analyse the data.Results40 papers were identified for inclusion, 11 papers investigating benzodiazepine effects, and 29 investigating antipsychotic effects, on social cognition.Narrative synthesis showed that diazepam impairs healthy volunteer’s emotion recognition, with supporting neuroimaging studies showing benzodiazepines attenuate amygdala activity. Studies of antipsychotic effects on social cognition gave variable results. However, many of these studies were in patients already taking medication, and potential practice effects were identified due to short-term follow-ups.ConclusionHealthy volunteer studies suggest that diazepam reduces emotional processing ability. The effects of benzodiazepines on other aspects of social cognition, as well as the effects of antipsychotics, remain unclear. Interpretations of the papers in this review were limited by variability in measures, small sample sizes, and lack of randomisation. More robust studies are necessary to evaluate the impact of these medications on social cognition.

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Emergy as a Tool to Evaluate Ecosystem Services: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13137102 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (13) ◽

pp. 7102

Author(s):

Ana Carolina V. Nadalini ◽

Ricardo de Araujo Kalid ◽

Ednildo Andrade Torres

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Ecosystem Services ◽

Natural Resources ◽

Bibliometric Analysis ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Evaluation Methodology ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Ecological Aspects ◽

Valuation Of Ecosystem Services ◽

Emergy Evaluation

The objective of this paper is to present a review of current research on the valuation of ecosystem services, using emergy evaluation methodology (EME). A bibliometric analysis and a systematic review were carried out between 2000 and 2020, using all of Web of Science database subfields that collected 187 papers, selected through the keywords “emergy” and “ecosystem services”. In the second part of the research, we carried out a new search on Web of Science of the 187 initial articles produced, with the words “valuation” and “economic”, in order to analyze those directly related to the evaluation of ecosystem services. The results showed that the EME method is an effective tool to evaluate ecosystem services, since it relates economic and ecological aspects in the evaluations. The research also indicated that the use of isolated methods does not appear to be the most appropriate solution, and that emergy used in combination with other methodologies can be used to obtain more accurate and comprehensive results to evaluate natural resources.

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Psychobiological mechanisms underlying the health-beneficial effects of music in people living with dementia: A systematic review of the literature

Physiology & Behavior ◽

10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113338 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 233 ◽

pp. 113338

Author(s):

Mareike C. Sittler ◽

Florian Worschech ◽

Gabriele Wilz ◽

Andreas Fellgiebel ◽

Alexandra Wuttke-Linnemann

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Beneficial Effects

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Viscoelastometric Testing to Assess Hemostasis of COVID-19: A Systematic Review

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10081740 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1740

Author(s):

Marion Bareille ◽

Michaël Hardy ◽

Jonathan Douxfils ◽

Stéphanie Roullet ◽

Dominique Lasne ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Mechanical Strength ◽

Small Sample ◽

The Common ◽

Small Sample Sizes ◽

Definition Of ◽

Reported Data ◽

Prophylactic Anticoagulation ◽

The Impact ◽

Heparin Neutralization

Infection by SARS-CoV-2 is associated with a high risk of thrombosis. The laboratory documentation of hypercoagulability and impaired fibrinolysis remains a challenge. Our aim was to assess the potential usefulness of viscoelastometric testing (VET) to predict thrombotic events in COVID-19 patients according to the literature. We also (i) analyzed the impact of anticoagulation and the methods used to neutralize heparin, (ii) analyzed whether maximal clot mechanical strength brings more information than Clauss fibrinogen, and (iii) critically scrutinized the diagnosis of hypofibrinolysis. We performed a systematic search in PubMed and Scopus databases until December 31st, 2020. VET methods and parameters, and patients’ features and outcomes were extracted. VET was performed for 1063 patients (893 intensive care unit (ICU) and 170 non-ICU, 44 studies). There was extensive heterogeneity concerning study design, VET device used (ROTEM, TEG, Quantra and ClotPro) and reagents (with non-systematic use of heparin neutralization), timing of assay, and definition of hypercoagulable state. Notably, only 4 out of 25 studies using ROTEM reported data with heparinase (HEPTEM). The common findings were increased clot mechanical strength mainly due to excessive fibrinogen component and impaired to absent fibrinolysis, more conspicuous in the presence of an added plasminogen activator. Only 4 studies out of the 16 that addressed the point found an association of VETs with thrombotic events. So-called functional fibrinogen assessed by VETs showed a variable correlation with Clauss fibrinogen. Abnormal VET pattern, often evidenced despite standard prophylactic anticoagulation, tended to normalize after increased dosing. VET studies reported heterogeneity, and small sample sizes do not support an association between the poorly defined prothrombotic phenotype of COVID-19 and thrombotic events.

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How could research on artificial empathy be enhanced by applying deepfakes? (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.29506 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hsuan-Chia Yang ◽

Annisa Ristya Rahmanti ◽

Chih-Wei Huang ◽

Yu-Chuan(Jack) Li

Keyword(s):

Emotion Recognition ◽

Video Recording ◽

Small Sample ◽

Facial Emotion Recognition ◽

Facial Emotion ◽

Patient Privacy ◽

Good Doctor ◽

Clinical Encounters ◽

Small Sample Sizes ◽

Potential Use

UNSTRUCTURED We propose the idea of using an open dataset of doctor-patient interactions to develop artificial empathy based on facial emotion recognition. Facial emotion recognition allows a doctor to analyze patient emotions so they can reach out the patient through empathic care. However, face recognition datasets are often difficult to acquire so many researchers struggle with small sample sizes of facial recognition datasets. Meanwhile, sharing medical images or videos has not been possible as it may violate patient privacy. Deepfakes technology shows a promising approach to de-identify video recording of patients’ clinical encounters. It can revolutionize the implementation of facial emotion recognition by replacing a patient's face and manipulating it into an unrecognizable person's image or video that has a similar facial expression appearance. This technology will further enhance the potential use of artificial empathy in helping the doctor provide empathic care to achieve good doctor-patient therapeutic relationships. Thus, it may result in better patient satisfaction and adherence.

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Tools for evaluation of restriction on auditory participation: systematic review of the literature

CoDAS ◽

10.1590/2317-1782/20152015008 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 400-406 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Valquíria Conceição Souza ◽

Stela Maris Aguiar Lemos

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Hearing Aids ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Web Of Science ◽

The Elderly ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Aural Rehabilitation ◽

Isi Web Of Science ◽

Hearing Handicap ◽

Bibliographic Collection

PURPOSE: To systematically review studies that used questionnaires for the evaluation of restriction on auditory participation in adults and the elderly.RESEARCH STRATEGY: Studies from the last five years were selected through a bibliographic collection of data in national and international journals in the following electronic databases: ISI Web of Science and Virtual Health Library - BIREME, which includes the LILACS and MEDLINE databases.SELECTION CRITERIA: Studies available fully; published in Portuguese, English, or Spanish; whose participants were adults and/or the elderly and that used questionnaires for the evaluation of restriction on auditory participation.DATA ANALYSIS: Initially, the studies were selected based on the reading of titles and abstracts. Then, the articles were fully and the information was included in the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist.RESULTS: Three-hundred seventy studies were found in the researched databases; 14 of these studies were excluded because they were found in more than one database. The titles and abstracts of 356 articles were analyzed; 40 of them were selected for full reading, of which 26 articles were finally selected. In the present review, nine instruments were found for the evaluation of restriction on auditory participation.CONCLUSION: The most used questionnaires for the assessment of the restriction on auditory participation were the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE), Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults (HHIA), and Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly - Screening (HHIE-S). The use of restriction on auditory participation questionnaires can assist in validating decisions in audiology practices and be useful in the fitting of hearing aids and results of aural rehabilitation.

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Effectiveness of Curcumin on Outcomes of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu14020256 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 256

Author(s):

Amir Vahedian-Azimi ◽

Mitra Abbasifard ◽

Farshid Rahimi-Bashar ◽

Paul C. Guest ◽

Muhammed Majeed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Clinical Settings ◽

Curcumin Treatment ◽

Partial Restoration ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Disease Outcomes ◽

Duration Of Hospitalization ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Related Compounds

Despite the ongoing vaccination efforts, there is still an urgent need for safe and effective treatments to help curb the debilitating effects of COVID-19 disease. This systematic review aimed to investigate the efficacy of supplemental curcumin treatment on clinical outcomes and inflammation-related biomarker profiles in COVID-19 patients. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, ProQuest, and Ovid databases up to 30 June 2021 to find studies that assessed the effects of curcumin-related compounds in mild to severe COVID-19 patients. Six studies were identified which showed that curcumin supplementation led to a significant decrease in common symptoms, duration of hospitalization and deaths. In addition, all of these studies showed that the intervention led to amelioration of cytokine storm effects thought to be a driving force in severe COVID-19 cases. This was seen as a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in proinflammatory cytokines such as IL1β and IL6, with a concomitant significant (p < 0.05) increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-10, IL-35 and TGF-α. Taken together, these findings suggested that curcumin exerts its beneficial effects through at least partial restoration of pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory balance. In conclusion, curcumin supplementation may offer an efficacious and safe option for improving COVID-19 disease outcomes. We highlight the point that future clinical studies of COVID-19 disease should employ larger cohorts of patients in different clinical settings with standardized preparations of curcumin-related compounds.

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How the Pilates Method Can Influence Sports Performance in Different Modalities

Lecturas: Educación Física y Deportes ◽

10.46642/efd.v25i264.1812 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (264) ◽

pp. 139-152

Author(s):

Manoela Abreu ◽

Franciele Carvalho Santos ◽

Ana Laura Nogueira ◽

Matheus Lima Zampieri ◽

Dernival Bertoncello

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Methodological Quality ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Sports Performance ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Control Groups ◽

Future Studies ◽

Pilates Method

The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of the literature in order to investigate the effects of the Pilates Method on athletes of different sports. Methods: Researches were carried out in databases (SciELO, LILACS, PubMed, Web of Science and SCOPUS) and to evaluate the methodological quality of the studies, the PEDro scale was used. Results: Of the 87 studies found, only four were included. Meta-analyzes to assess flexibility using the Wells Bank's Sit and Reach test and a fleximeter indicated improvement after Pilates application, although there were no statistically significant differences compared to the control groups (Wells Bank's Sit and Reach test: 2 , 83 95% CI: -0.73 to 6.38, I² = 99%; Fleximeter: -0.78, 95% CI: -1.84 to 0.27, I² = 0%). Conclusion: There is evidence of benefits after Pilates intervention. Future studies with standardized protocols, according to the chosen sport, are necessary to determine how the Pilates Method can improve athletes' performance.

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