scholarly journals Overt and occult hepatitis B among immigrants and native blood donors in Madrid, Spain

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 204993612098212
Author(s):  
Rocío González ◽  
Luisa Barea ◽  
Ana Arruga ◽  
Alberto Richart ◽  
Vicente Soriano
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Repeated Testing ◽  
Blood Donations ◽  
Occult Hepatitis ◽  
Hiv Rna ◽  
N 93

Background: The risk of transfusion-transmitted viral infections is very low in developed countries. Recent massive migration flows from highly hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and/or HIV endemic regions to Europe may have changed this scenario. Methods: During 2017 and 2018, a total of 491,753 blood donations (291,762 donors) were evaluated at the Madrid Regional Transfusion Center. All were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-HCV and anti-HIV, as well as for HBV-DNA, HCV-RNA and HIV-RNA. Results: Overall, 35 donors were positive for HIV-RNA and 26 for HCV-RNA. HBV markers were found in 111 (0.022%) donors, split out into three categories: HBsAg+ ( n = 93; 0.019%), occult B infection (OBI) ( n = 17; 0.003%), and acute HBV window period ( n = 1; 0.0002%). All 17 OBI donors were positive for anti-HBc and confirmed as viremic in repeated testing. Viral load amounts were uniformly below 100 IU/mL. Ten OBI donors were repeated donors and look-back studies could be completed for eight of them. Fortunately, none of all prior recipients experienced transfusion transmitted hepatitis B. Compared with HBsAg+ donors, OBI donors were more frequently native Spaniards (76% versus 40%) and older (median age 52 versus 42 years old). Conclusion: Active HBV infection is currently found in 0.022% of blood donations (0.038% of donors) in Madrid. This rate is 3-fold greater than for HIV and/or HCV. On the other hand, HBsAg+ donors are 3-fold more frequent than OBI donors and more often immigrants than native Spaniards. No transfusion-transmitted HBV infections were identified during the study period, including retrospective checking of former recipients of OBI donors.

scholarly journals Prevalence of HCV and/or HBV coinfection in Iranian HIV-infected patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzaneh Dehghani-Dehej ◽  
Zinat Hosseini ◽  
Poupak Mortazkar ◽  
Khadijeh Khanaliha ◽  
Maryam Esghaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Hepatitis B E Antigen ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Rna ◽  
Hcv Coinfection

Aim: HIV-infected patients risk coinfection with HBV and HCV. This study aimed to investigate molecular epidemiology of HBV and HCV coinfection in Iranian HIV-infected individuals. Materials & methods: In this cross-sectional study, serological markers of HBV and HCV infection (hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg], hepatitis B e-antigen [HBeAg], hepatitis B e-antibody [HBeAb] and hepatitis B core antibody [HBcAb]) and anti-HCV antibodies [anti-HCV Abs] were tested in 198 Iranian HIV-infected patients. From plasma, HBV viral load was determined using COBAS TaqMan 48, and HCV-RNA was detected by reverse transcriptase-nested PCR. Results: 85 out of 198 (42.9%) patients were anti-HCV Ab positive and 42/198 (21.2%) had detectable HCV-RNA. Eight (4.0%) had traceable HBV-DNA. All these patients were infected by HBV genotype D. 55 (27.8%) were HBcAb positive. Nine (4.4%) were HBsAg and anti-HCV Ab positive. Conclusion: None were HIV-RNA/HCV-RNA/HBV-DNA positive, 21.2% were HIV-RNA/HCV-RNA positive and 4.0% were HIV-RNA/HBV-DNA positive. Therefore, studies on diagnosing these infections in HIV-infected individuals may be valuable.

The prevalence of hepatitis B and C co-infections among people with HIV-1 in Bulgaria: 2010–2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 791-798
Author(s):  
Ivailo Alexiev ◽  
Elitsa Golkocheva-Markova ◽  
Asya Kostadinova ◽  
Reneta Dimitrova ◽  
Lora Nikolova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Multiple Risk Behavior ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Hiv Aids

Aim: To evaluate hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among individuals with HIV/AIDS in Bulgaria diagnosed between 2010 and 2015. Materials & methods: A total of 1158 individuals were diagnosed with HIV/AIDS during the study period. Different transmission groups were tested with ELISA and real-time PCR for HBV and HCV markers. Results: Hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis C virus antiboby were found in 9.3 and 23.2% of the tested. HBV DNA and HCV RNA has been found in 47.4 and 69.6%. Hepatitis B and C co-infections were predominant in multiple risk behavior groups, including people who inject drugs, men who have sex with men, prisoners and Roma individuals. Conclusion: HIV prevalence in Bulgaria is low but the rates of hepatitis B and C co-infections among these patients fall within the upper range reported in Europe.

Sensitivity of hepatitis B virus DNA transcription-mediated amplification testing in hepatitis B surface antigen?positive blood donations

Transfusion ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 2047-2052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Françoise Bouchardeau ◽  
Annie Girault ◽  
Annie Razer ◽  
Annabelle Servant-Delmas ◽  
Mélanie Mercier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Blood Donations ◽  
Dna Transcription ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Dna ◽  
B Virus

scholarly journals Usefulness of Simultaneous Screening for HIV- and Hepatitis C–Specific Antibodies and Hepatitis B Surface Antigen by Capillary-Based Multiplex Immunochromatographic Rapid Test to Strengthen Prevention Strategies and Linkage to Care in Childbearing-Aged Women Living in Resource-Limited Settings

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph-Sydney Mboumba Bouassa ◽  
Zita Aleyo Nodjikouambaye ◽  
Damtheou Sadjoli ◽  
Ali Mahamat Moussa ◽  
Chatte Adawaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Linkage To Care ◽  
Chronic Viral Infections ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
B Virus

Abstract Childbearing-aged women (n = 266) attending a gynecological clinic in Chad were subjected to multiplex immunochromatographic rapid test for HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Ten (3.7%) and 8 (3.0%) were seropositive for HIV and HCV, respectively, and 20 (7.5%) for HBV surface antigen, allowing diagnosis of chronic viral infections in 1 of 7 (14.3%) women.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Survey of the Prevalence of HCV and HBV in the Periphery of Lahore City

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Khurram ◽  
Asma Irshad ◽  
Muhammad Alamgir ◽  
Usman Ayub ◽  
Haleema Sadia
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Literature Highlight

Both hepatitis C and hepatitis B are part of the major health-related issues all over the globe. Both of these are viral infections that can be disseminated via sexual contact, blood or by the use of blood products, and through methods of intra-familial transmission. Collection of blood samples of factory workers was done aseptically at KBK electronics. Overall, 272 samples of blood were taken of a variety of individuals and economically accessible ELISA (i.e. enzyme linked Immunosorbent Assay) was used to screen the individuals for Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg) and also for anti- HCV antibodies. The screening test was done as directed by the instructions of the manufacturer. Names, gender and age group date of each person was collected. Overall, 271 examinees were inspected to check the the presence of HCV and/or HBV. The ages of all the examinees ranged from a minimum of 19 years to a maximum of 50 years of age. The complete overall pervasiveness of both HCV and as well as HBV determined as 18.4% (50/271). In contrast to HBV, HCV has a much higher ubiquity i.e. 16.17% (44/271). On the other hand, that of HBV was only 2.2% (6/271). The individuals revealed a higher percentage of positive results in hepatitis C. HBV occurrence in Lahore is much more than its neighboring areas such as Gujrat with only 0.8% prevalence, Sheikhupura with 1.6%, Narowal with 2.1%, and Hafiz Abad with 2.2% prevalence (PMRC, 2007 to 2009). The results from this study and previous literature highlight the pressing need to also conduct such kinds of experiments in even more populations because by doing so, the areas with a stronger occurrence rate of HCV and HBV can be specified and pointed out and then various methods for treating and even precluding both of these infections, can be implemented effectively.

scholarly journals The occurrence of hepatitis B and C viruses in Pakistani patients with chronic liver disease and hepatocellula carcinoma

1996 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Y. W. Tong ◽  
R. Khan ◽  
N. J. Beeching ◽  
W. U. Z. Tariq ◽  
C. A. Hart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Typing Method ◽  
Type 3

SummaryTo study the occurrence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Pakistan, blood samples from 105 sequential patients with biopsy-proven CLD (n= 82) and HCC (n= 23) were tested for HBV and HCV markers. Of the 105, 87 (83%) had evidence of hepatitis B exposure, 58 (55%) were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), 23 (22%) had hepatitis C antibodies and 25 (24%) had detectable HCV RNA. Significantly more patients with HCC had evidence of HBV exposure in the absence of HCV markers (49/82vs.20/23, odds ratio 4·49,95 % CI 1·17–25·16). The proportion of patients positive for HBsAg with no HCV markers was also significantly higher in the HCC group (34/82vs.18/23, odds ratio 5·08, 95% CI 1·59—18·96). There were more patients with only HCV markers in the CLD group than the HCC group but the difference was not statistically significant (19/82vs.1/23, odds ratio 6·63, 95% CI 0·93—288·01). A modified non-isotopic restriction fragment length polymorphism study on PCR products was used to investigate the epidemiology of HCV genotypes in Pakistan. Due to depletion of the initial samples, a second series of specimens collected one year afterwards was used. Fifteen out of 40 samples had amplifiable product and all were identified as type 3. A commercial serological typing method on the same samples also confirmed that type 3 was the predominant HCV genotype in Pakistan.

scholarly journals Which techniques should be used to screen blood donations for hepatitis B surface antigen?

BMJ ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (5968) ◽  
pp. 412-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Wallace ◽  
A Barr ◽  
G R Milne
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Blood Donations

scholarly journals Bortezomib Induced Hepatitis B Reactivation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salwa Hussain ◽  
Ruby Jhaj ◽  
Samira Ahsan ◽  
Muhammad Ahsan ◽  
Robert E. Bloom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Liposomal Doxorubicin ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hbv Reactivation ◽  
Marginal Cell ◽  
Unique Event ◽  
Therapy Initiation ◽  
History Of

Background. It has recently been reported that hepatitis B (HBV) reactivation often occurs after the use of rituximab and stem cell transplantation in patients with lymphoma who are hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative. However, clinical data on HBV reactivation in multiple myeloma (MM) is limited to only a few reported cases. Bortezomib and lenalidomide have remarkable activity in MM with manageable toxicity profiles, but reactivation of viral infections may emerge as a problem. We present a case of MM that developed HBV reactivation after bortezomib and lenalidomide therapy.Case Report. A 73-year-old female with a history of marginal cell lymphoma was monitored without requiring therapy. In 2009, she developed MM, presenting as a plasmacytoma requiring vertebral decompression and focal radiation. While receiving radiation she developed renal failure and was started on bortezomib and liposomal doxorubicin. After a transient response to 5 cycles, treatment was switched to lenalidomide. Preceding therapy initiation, her serology indicated resolved infection. Serial monitoring for HBV displayed seroconversion one month after change in therapy.Conclusion. Bortezomib associated late HBV reactivation appears to be a unique event that requires further confirmation and brings to discussion whether hepatitis B core positive individuals would benefit from monitoring of HBV activation while on therapy.

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