The risk factors associated with colonic injury during percutaneous renal stone surgery – a literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 436-440
Author(s):  
H Burns ◽  
S Nalagatla
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Prone Position ◽  
Horseshoe Kidney ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Colonic Injury ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Identifiable Risk Factor ◽  
Renal Stone Surgery ◽  
Retrorenal Colon

Objective: A focused literature review was conducted of colonic injuries occurring during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) procedures to determine the importance of patient position, identifiable risk factors and methods to avoid colonic injury. Method: A MEDLINE literature search was performed from PubMed and Scopus databases to retrieve all articles relating to colonic injuries occurring during PCNL. Incidence of colonic injury, patient management, position, side of stone and recognised risk factors were compiled for analysis. Results: Of the 35,054 PCNLs carried out, 87 colonic perforations were identified, which results in a 0.25% chance of perforation. A total of 65.5% (57/87) of colonic perforations occurred during left-hand punctures, and 54.0% (47/87) occurred in the prone position. Retrorenal colon, posterior colon, previous renal tract surgery, horseshoe kidney and mobile kidneys were the most common risk factors identified. Discussion: The risk of colonic perforation during PCNL was 0.25% across these studies. It more commonly occurred in the prone position and on the left-hand side. Only four perforations were noted to be in the supine position. A retrorenal colon is implicated as the most common identifiable risk factor. Careful preoperative work-up, planning and intraoperative use of ultrasound combined with fluoroscopy is the best method of preventing a colonic injury. Level of evidence: Not applicable for this multicentre audit.

Dupuytren’s contracture in Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gebereegziabher ◽  
A. Baraki ◽  
Y. Kebede ◽  
I. Mohammed ◽  
V. Finsen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dupuytren’S Contracture ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Dupuytren's Contracture ◽  
Hand Involvement ◽  
Soles Of The Feet

Dupuytren’s contracture is believed to be rare in Africa. We have observed the disease in many patients coming to our hospital. This study aimed to provide information concerning the occurrence of the disease and risk factors in these patients. All 75 patients who were referred to the hospital during a 2-year period because of a hand problem that was diagnosed as Dupuytren’s contracture were included. The demographic data of the patients and possible risk factors were recorded and compared with a control group. The male to female ratio was 18:1. The little and ring fingers were most commonly affected. A total of 43 had bilateral hand involvement. The condition affected only the left hand in one patient. Six men also had fibromatosis of the soles of the feet and three of the penis. There was a statistically significant association with hypertension and alcohol consumption, but not with diabetes mellitus. We conclude that there are more cases of Dupuytren’s contracture in Ethiopia than previously thought. Level of evidence: III

scholarly journals Padrões de cuidados em prevenção e tratamento de extravasamento de antineoplásicos baseado em evidências clínicas

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samya Raquel Soares Dias ◽  
Fernanda Valéria Silva Dantas Avelino ◽  
Elaine Cristina Carvalho Moura ◽  
Jéssica Pereira Costa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Antineoplastic Agents ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Patterns Of Care ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
Main Strategy

Objetivo: descrever padrões de cuidados em prevenção e tratamento de extravasamento de antineoplásicos baseadoem evidências clínicas. Métodos: revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases de dados Medline/PuBMed, CINAHL, LILACS e Science Direct. Resultados: foram localizados 30 estudos em inglês e espanhol, entre 2005 a 2015.Os temas predominantes quanto ao extravasamento são fatores de risco, medidas de prevenção e tratamento, comoo uso de compressas e antídotos, estes foram organizados em quadros e classificados quanto ao nível de evidência egrau de recomendação. Conclusão: a prevenção é a principal estratégia. Ressalta-se a importância de implementação deprotocolo assistencial.Descritores: Antineoplásicos; Extravasamento de Materiais Terapêuticos e Diagnósticos; Enfermagem.   ABSTRACTObjective: to describe patterns of care in the prevention and treatment of clinical evidence based antineoplastic extravasation. Methods: integrative literature review carried out in Medline/PuBMed, CINAHL, LILACS and Science Directdatabases. Results: 30 studies were conducted in english and spanish between 2005 and 2015. The predominant themesregarding extravasation are risk factors, prevention and treatment measures, such as the use of compresses and antidotes, these were organized in tables and classified as level of evidence and degree of recommendation. Conclusion:prevention is the main strategy. It is important to emphasize the importance of implementing a care protocol.Descriptors: Antineoplastic Agents; Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials; Nursing.

Critical Review on Suicide Among Nurses

Crisis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Alderson ◽  
Xavier Parent-Rocheleau ◽  
Brian Mishara
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Work Related ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Full Text Review ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Psychiatric Problems

Background: Research shows that there is a high prevalence of suicide among nurses. Despite this, it has been 15 years since the last literature review on the subject was published. Aim: The aim of this article is to review the knowledge currently available on the risk of suicide among nurses and on contributory risk factors. Method: A search was conducted in electronic databases using keywords related to prevalence and risk factors of suicide among nurses. The abstracts were analyzed by reviewers according to selection criteria. Selected articles were submitted to a full-text review and their key elements were summarized. Results: Only nine articles were eligible for inclusion in this review. The results of this literature review highlight both the troubling high prevalence of suicide among nurses as well as the persistent lack of studies that examine this issue. Conclusion: Considering that the effects of several factors related to nurses' work and work settings are associated with high stress, distress, or psychiatric problems, we highlight the relevance of investigating work-related factors associated with nurses' risk of suicide. Several avenues for future studies are discussed as well as possible research methods.

scholarly journals Risk factors for orthodontic mini-implants in skeletal anchorage biological stability: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Dolores Casaña-Ruiz ◽  
Carlos Bellot-Arcís ◽  
Vanessa Paredes-Gallardo ◽  
Verónica García-Sanz ◽  
José Manuel Almerich-Silla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Skeletal Anchorage ◽  
Biological Stability ◽  
Mini Implants

scholarly journals AB0602 IMPACT OF SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS ON PAIN AND FUNCTION IN KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1337.2-1337
Author(s):  
T. W. Swinnen ◽  
M. Willems ◽  
I. Jonkers ◽  
F. P. Luyten ◽  
J. Vanrenterghem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Intervention Effects ◽  
Socioeconomic Outcomes ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

Background:The personal and societal burden of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) urges the research community to identify factors that predict its onset and progression. A mechanistic understanding of disease is currently lacking but needed to develop targeted interventions. Traditionally, risk factors for KOA are termed ‘local’ to the joint or ‘systemic’ referring to whole-body systems. There are however clear indications in the scientific literature that contextual factors such as socioeconomic position merit further scientific scrutiny, in order to justify a more biopsychosocial view on risk factors in KOA.Objectives:The aims of this systematic literature review were to assess the inclusion of socioeconomic factors in KOA research and to identify the impact of socioeconomic factors on pain and function in KOA.Methods:Major bibliographic databases, namely Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science and Cochrane, were independently screened by two reviewers (plus one to resolve conflicts) to identify research articles dealing with socioeconomic factors in the KOA population without arthroplasty. Included studies had to quantify the relationship between socioeconomic factors and pain or function. Main exclusion criteria were: a qualitative design, subject age below 16 years and articles not written in English or Dutch. Methodological quality was assessed via the Cochrane risk of bias tools for randomized (ROB-II) and non-randomized intervention studies (ROBIN-I) and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for assessing the quality of non-randomised studies. Due to heterogeneity of studies with respect to outcomes assessed and analyses performed, no meta-analysis was performed.Results:Following de-duplication, 7639 articles were available for screening (120 conflicts resolved without a third reader). In 4112 articles, the KOA population was confirmed. 1906 (25%) were excluded because of knee arthroplasty and 1621 (21%) because of other issues related to the population definition. Socioeconomic factors could not be identified in 4058 (53%) papers and were adjusted for in 211 (3%) articles. In the remaining papers covering pain (n=110) and/or function (n=81), education (62%) and race (37%) were most frequently assessed as socioeconomic factors. A huge variety of mainly dichotomous or ordinal socioeconomic outcomes was found without further methodological justification nor sensitivity analysis to unravel the impact of selected categories. Although the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) was the most popular instrument to assess pain and function, data pooling was not possible as socioeconomic factors estimates were part of multilevel models in most studies. Overall results showed that lower education and African American race were consistent predictors of pain and poor function, but those effects diminished or disappeared when psychological aspects (e.g. discrimination) or poverty estimates were taken into account. When function was assessed using self-reported outcomes, the impact of socioeconomic factors was more clear versus performance-based instruments. Quality of research was low to moderate and the moderating or mediating impact of socioeconomic factors on intervention effects in KOA is understudied.Conclusion:Research on contextual socioeconomic factors in KOA is insufficiently addressed and their assessment is highly variable methodologically. Following this systematic literature review, we can highlight the importance of implementing a standardised and feasible set of socioeconomic outcomes in KOA trials1, as well as the importance of public availability of research databases including these factors. Future research should prioritise the underlying mechanisms in the effect of especially education and race on pain and function and assess its impact on intervention effects to fuel novel (non-)pharmacological approaches in KOA.References:[1]Smith TO et al. The OMERACT-OARSI Core Domain Set for Measurement in Clinical Trials of Hip and/or Knee Osteoarthritis J Rheumatol 2019. 46:981–9.Disclosure of Interests:None declared.

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms as risk factors for retinal venous occlusive disease: A literature review

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110006
Author(s):  
Manuel Marques ◽  
Francisco Alves ◽  
Miguel Leitão ◽  
Catarina Rodrigues ◽  
Joana Tavares Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase ◽  
Mthfr C677t ◽  
Mthfr Gene ◽  
Mthfr Polymorphisms ◽  
Vein Occlusion ◽  
C677t Mutation ◽  
Retinal Vascular Disease

The role of polymorphisms of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene in retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a theme of discussion since the first reports of RVO in patients with MTHFR C677T mutation and without classic acquired risk factors for retinal vascular disease. The association between MTHFR polymorphisms and RVO has been studied over the last 20 years producing conflicting results. This review aims to summarize the literature concerning the role MTHFR polymorphisms as risk factors for RVO.

scholarly journals Is There an Association between Childhood Obesity and Pediatric Kidney Stone Disease? A Literature Review

Uro ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
Henry J. Paiste ◽  
Luke Moradi ◽  
Dean G. Assimos ◽  
Kyle D. Wood ◽  
Pankaj P. Dangle
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Pediatric Obesity ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
Pediatric Urolithiasis ◽  
Stone Formers ◽  
Causal Pathway ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Objectives: To examine the most recent literature and published science in determining any and all possible associations between pediatric obesity and pediatric urolithiasis. Methods: Retrospective literature review of pediatric stone formers with diagnosed stone disease and all associated risk factors. Peer-reviewed, published manuscripts from the past several decades were analyzed for risk factors associated with pediatric obesity such as diet, hypertension, and renal diseases. Comparing the pediatric obesity literature with the pediatric stone forming literature, any associations and correlations were derived and analyzed. Results: Despite the existing evidence that obesity is linked to stones in adults, the evidence remains unclear whether obesity plays a role in children. Nutritional discrepancies, in the setting of the obesity epidemic, have been shown to alter the risk profile of pediatric patients. Consistent with the published literature, and lack of consistent correlation with obesity and stone disease, is the knowledge that age, gender, geography, and climate may all play a role in the onset of pediatric obesity and may also be on the causal pathway toward pediatric urolithiasis. Conclusion: The manuscript demonstrates that there are a number of risk factors, congenital or acquired, that are associated with pediatric obesity. The mechanisms responsible for these associations may be on the causal pathway toward childhood urolithiasis. These mechanisms that underlie these associations need to be further investigated.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Risk Factors, Autoantibodies, and the Effect of Antirheumatic Therapies

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117954412110287
Author(s):  
Mir Sohail Fazeli ◽  
Vadim Khaychuk ◽  
Keith Wittstock ◽  
Boris Breznen ◽  
Grace Crocket ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Rheumatoid Factor ◽  
Qualitative Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis Risk ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Increased Risk

Objective: To scope the current published evidence on cardiovascular risk factors in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) focusing on the role of autoantibodies and the effect of antirheumatic agents. Methods: Two reviews were conducted in parallel: A targeted literature review (TLR) describing the risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in RA patients; and a systematic literature review (SLR) identifying and characterizing the association between autoantibody status and CVD risk in RA. A narrative synthesis of the evidence was carried out. Results: A total of 69 publications (49 in the TLR and 20 in the SLR) were included in the qualitative evidence synthesis. The most prevalent topic related to CVD risks in RA was inflammation as a shared mechanism behind both RA morbidity and atherosclerotic processes. Published evidence indicated that most of RA patients already had significant CV pathologies at the time of diagnosis, suggesting subclinical CVD may be developing before patients become symptomatic. Four types of autoantibodies (rheumatoid factor, anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies, anti-phospholipid autoantibodies, anti-lipoprotein autoantibodies) showed increased risk of specific cardiovascular events, such as higher risk of cardiovascular death in rheumatoid factor positive patients and higher risk of thrombosis in anti-phospholipid autoantibody positive patients. Conclusion: Autoantibodies appear to increase CVD risk; however, the magnitude of the increase and the types of CVD outcomes affected are still unclear. Prospective studies with larger populations are required to further understand and quantify the association, including the causal pathway, between specific risk factors and CVD outcomes in RA patients.

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