scholarly journals An Empirical Revision of the Definition of Science Fiction: It Is All in the Techne . . .

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824402096305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Benjamin Menadue ◽  
Kristi Giselsson ◽  
David Guez
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Public Realm ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
Intended Audience ◽  
The Public ◽  
Empirical Survey ◽  
Family Resemblances ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Survey Responses ◽  
Core Features

Researchers employ science fiction and fantasy in public engagement, advocacy, and education as significant sources of insights to identify public interests, inspire public policy, and influence future science. These uses of science fiction as a source that is expected to reflect public interests are undermined if the examples employed by researchers are interpreted differently by the intended audience or beneficiaries of research. We surveyed the public to identify their definitions and discovered a categorization based on clearly defined features. These align with some academic theories but differ from postmodern approaches as the analysis suggests science fiction can be defined categorically. The empirical survey data are consistent and demonstrate an unmistakable distinction between popular definitions of science fiction and fantasy. Our theoretical analysis implies some definitions may be confused by evaluating secondary “fuzzy” characteristics as if they were fundamental features of the genre. We suggest Wittgenstein’s family resemblances, between subjects associated with the genre at any specific time, should be interpreted as an ephemeral grouping validated by correlation with enduring core features, rather than definitive. On the basis of the common themes identified from the survey responses and a critique of existing genre models, we suggest the classical concept of techne may best describe the empirical essence of science fiction. Researchers intending to employ science fiction for applications that have an influence in the public realm may wish to consider this when designing their research.

The Noise Abatement Campaign in Industrializing Japan, 1923–37

Resonance ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-327
Author(s):  
Shuhei Hosokawa
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Public Realm ◽  
Political Responsibility ◽  
Noise Abatement ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Causal Responsibility ◽  
Kanto Earthquake ◽  
Definition Of

Drawing on Karin Bijsterveld’s triple definition of noise as ownership, political responsibility, and causal responsibility, this article traces how modern Japan problematized noise, and how noise represented both the aspirational discourse of Western civilization and the experiential nuisance accompanying rapid changes in living conditions in 1920s Japan. Primarily based on newspaper archives, the analysis will approach the problematic of noise as it was manifested in different ways in the public and private realms. In the public realm, the mid-1920s marked a turning point due to the reconstruction work after the Great Kantô Earthquake (1923) and the spread of the use of radios, phonographs, and loudspeakers. Within a few years, public opinion against noise had been formed by a coalition of journalists, police, the judiciary, engineers, academics, and municipal officials. This section will also address the legal regulation of noise and its failure; because public opinion was “owned” by middle-class (sub)urbanites, factory noises in downtown areas were hardly included in noise abatement discourse. Around 1930, the sounds of radios became a social problem, but the police and the courts hesitated to intervene in a “private” conflict, partly because they valued radio as a tool for encouraging nationalist mobilization and transmitting announcements from above. In sum, this article investigates the diverse contexts in which noise was perceived and interpreted as such, as noise became an integral part of modern life in early 20th-century Japan.

Feminist Interpretations of Action and the Public in Hannah Arendt’s Theory

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 87-103
Author(s):  
Noémi Bíró
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Hannah Arendt ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Public Realm ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Feminism ◽  
Definition Of

"Feminist Interpretations of Action and the Public in Hannah Arendt’s Theory. Arendt’s typology of human activity and her arguments on the precondition of politics allow for a variety in interpretations for contemporary political thought. The feminist reception of Arendt’s work ranges from critical to conciliatory readings that attempt to find the points in which Arendt’s theory might inspire a feminist political project. In this paper I explore the ways in which feminist thought has responded to Arendt’s definition of action, freedom and politics, and whether her theoretical framework can be useful in a feminist rethinking of politics, power and the public realm. Keywords: Hannah Arendt, political action, the Public, the Social, feminism "

OBJECTIVES AND FUNCTIONS OF LOBISTRY ACTIVITY IN UKRAINE: REALITIES TODAY AND EVOLUTIONARY FORECAST

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 329-339
Author(s):  
Tikhon Sergeyevich Yarovoy
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Political System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Events ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Industrial Groups

The article is devoted to the research of goals and functions of lobbying activity. The author has processed the ideas of domestic and foreign scientists, proposed his own approaches to the definition of goals and functions of lobbying activities through the prism of public administration. As a result, a generalized vision of the goals and functions of lobbying activities as interrelated elements of the lobbying system was proposed, and a forecast for further evolution of the goals and functions of domestic lobbying was provided. The analysis of lobbying functions allowed us to notice the tendencies in shifting the goals of this activity. If the objectives were fully covered by functions such as mediation between citizens and the state, the information function and the function of organizing plurality of public interests, then the role of strengthening the self-organization of civil society and the function of compromise become increasingly important in the process of formation in the developed countries of civil society and the development of telecommunication technologies. Ukrainian lobbyism will not be left to the side of this process. Already, politicians of the highest level, leaders of financial and industrial groups have to act, adjust their goals (even if they are — declared), taking into account the reaction of the public. In the future, this trend will only increase. The analysis of current research and political events provides all grounds for believing that, while proper regulatory legislation is being formed in Ukraine, the goals and functions of domestic lobbying will essentially shift towards a compromise with the public. It is noted that in spite of the existence of a basic direction of action, lobbying may have several ramified goals. Guided by the goals set, lobbyism can manifest itself in various spheres of the political system of society, combining the closely intertwined interests of various actors in the lobbying process, or even — contrasting them.

THE PUBLIC INTEREST IN PRIVATE NUISANCE: COLLECTIVES AND COMMUNITIES IN TORT

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Lee
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Private Law ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
The Public ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Regulatory Decisions

AbstractThe relevance of public interests in private law is at the heart of some central divides in tort scholarship. This paper argues that public interests pervade private nuisance cases. The uncertain and contested nature of public interests, and the absence in both the case law and the scholarly literature of an abstract definition of what is to count as a public interest, do not prevent these matters from playing a significant role in tort. In these circumstances, it is important to reflect on how we might set about articulating the public interest. This paper argues that administrative decisions that are intended to serve the public interest can in some cases provide a defensible vision of public interest for the purposes of private law. An examination of the process by which regulatory decisions were reached can provide indicators to assist in identifying and evaluating the strength of claimed public interests.

scholarly journals METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE PRACTICAL PSYCHOLOGISTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
V. M. Sinyshina
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
The Public ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Oriented Activity

The article argues that the professional training of future practical psychologists involves taking into account different methodological approaches to the organization of the educational process in institutions of higher education, which enrich the methodological consciousness of the specialist by knowledge of professionally oriented sciences and contribute to its adaptation to the specifics of higher education. The justification of methodological approaches has allowed to establish causal relationships between pedagogical phenomena and processes and to determine the most important of them for effective solution of problems that take place in the training of practical psychologists. The main methodological approaches, which are followed in the professional training of students-psychologists, include system-scientific, synergistic, thesaurus, complex, humanistic, competent, personally oriented, activity, praxeological, axiological, acmeological and others. It is proved that approaches, structured in this way, enabled the researcher-teacher to understand mentally in the organization of their own professional activity and to practically realize the educational actions and pedagogical actions in teaching the students; contributed to the definition of the professional training of practical psychologists and the most holistic acquisition of objectively impartial, professionally relevant knowledge, skills and competences by students. Within these approaches, the focuses are accented on the importance of reconstitution in the contest of the education of holistic image of human as biopsychological system and active-creative possibilities of student with his desire to realize himself on the principles of love to the person and in the public interests.

scholarly journals The Contemporary Common: Reinvigorating the Public Realm through Enhancing Topophilic Relationships

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Carey
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Public Realm ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
The Public ◽  
Urban Neighbourhoods ◽  
Definition Of

Urban neighbourhoods are experiencing an increase in density, placing greater importance on a vibrant and invigorated public realm. By focusing on enhancing place-based relationships, the quality of public spaces can be rejuvenated, improving social relations while creating an enhanced sense of community. The contemporary common is a multi-faceted public space that functions as a unifying platform for social inclusion, collective culture, and civic inculcation. This is accomplished through the use of topophilic design, a place-based design methodology that focuses on the creation of interventions that facilitate the definition of place. These ideas are tested through the establishment of a community hub within St. James town. The common has the potential to revitalize the public realm, attempting to enable culturally-rich spaces. Creating this identity for Toronto's public parks can improve civic formation, ultimately establishing neighbourhoods resilient to the current carceral archipelago of Toronto's urban green spaces.

scholarly journals ‘The house’ as a framing device for public engagement in STEM museums

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Whiteley ◽  
Anette Stenslund ◽  
Ken Arnold ◽  
Thomas Söderqvist
Keyword(s):  
Public Engagement ◽  
Science Communication ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
The Public ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Family Resemblances ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Uk

In the last five to ten years, several science, technology, engineering and medicine (STEM) museums have been experimenting with new forms of public engagement, aiming to be places for curiosity-driven investigation of the cultures of science via multiple perspectives, bringing artists, scientists, researchers, clinicians, members of the public and others together. Yet these diverse and rapidly evolving sites lack a clear definition of their family resemblances – something we argue is crucial for better understanding, advocating, and evaluating what they do. As a starting point for this definitional project we propose ‘the house’ as a metaphor and framing device for public engagement in STEM museums, grounded in experiences at Medical Museion in Denmark and Wellcome Collection in the UK. We further suggest that a Goldilocks principle – the notion of lying between two poles of a continuum in a ‘just right’ position – captures several key features of what it is about the idea of a house that resonates with the approach to public engagement in these museums.Key words: STEM museums, science communication, public engagement, house.

OBJECTIVES AND FUNCTIONS OF LOBISTRY ACTIVITY IN UKRAINE: REALITIES TODAY AND EVOLUTIONARY FORECAST

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 329-339
Author(s):  
Tikhon Sergeyevich Yarovoy
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Political System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Events ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Industrial Groups

The article is devoted to the research of goals and functions of lobby- ing activity. The author has processed the ideas of domestic and foreign scientists, proposed his own approaches to the definition of goals and functions of lobbying activities through the prism of public administration. As a result, a generalized vision of the goals and functions of lobbying activities as interrelated elements of the lobbying system was proposed, and a forecast for further evolution of the goals and functions of domestic lobbying was provided.The analysis of lobbying functions allowed us to notice the tendencies in shift- ing the goals of this activity. If the objectives were fully covered by functions such as mediation between citizens and the state, the information function and the function of organizing plurality of public interests, then the role of strengthening the self-organization of civil society and the function of compromise become in- creasingly important in the process of formation in the developed countries of civil society and the development of telecommunication technologies.Ukrainian lobbyism will not be left to the side of this process. Already, politi- cians of the highest level, leaders of financial and industrial groups have to act, adjust their goals (even if they are — declared), taking into account the reaction of the public. In the future, this trend will only increase. The analysis of current research and political events provides all grounds for believing that, while proper regulatory legislation is being formed in Ukraine, the goals and functions of do- mestic lobbying will essentially shift towards a compromise with the public.It is noted that in spite of the existence of a basic direction of action, lobbying may have several ramified goals. Guided by the goals set, lobbyism can manifest itself in various spheres of the political system of society, combining the closely intertwined interests of various actors in the lobbying process, or even — contrast- ing them.

PUBLIC SECURITY – OBJECT OF POLICE PROTECTION

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (74) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Aleksandrs Matvejevs
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Public Security ◽  
Public Realm ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
Police Protection ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

The analysis of the notion ‘public security’ reveals its two parts: 1) conditions where there is no threat to an individual, society or state; 2) measures by the state that ensure these conditions and instills in people the sense of security. These elements to a certain extent determine the features and characterize public security as an object of police protection and as a definition of the notion. Public security is based on two elements: 1) public peace when there is peace, cooperation and confidence in safety in the public realm; 2) conditions of protects ability where the state (the police) continuously provides public security and is ready to render help and neutralize any threats. Thereby in the legal reality public security is police legal relations where the subjects are, on the one hand persons, society, state institutions that have a constant need of protection against crimes and other offences and, on the other hand, the state whose task is to ensure the protection stated in the legislation via competent institutions.

scholarly journals A Criminal-Procedural Form: Essence, Problems, Trends and Prospects of Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 67-79
Author(s):  
S. B. Rossinskiy
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Criminal Case ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
Procedural Understanding ◽  
The Public ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Further Development

The paper is devoted to the most general issues of theory and legislative regulation of the criminalprocedural form—the necessary attribute of proceedings in a criminal case. On the basis of a procedural understanding of the criminal-procedural form, distinguishing it from formalism as a negative phenomenon in law enforcement practice, the author concludes that the criminal-procedural form serves a high purpose predetermined by a set of legal guarantees ensuring the effectiveness and high quality of criminal case results. At the same time, the author considers the most important legal properties of the criminal-procedural form: unity, universality, obligatory nature. The author also analyzes related problems arising in lawmaking and in the activities of the preliminary investigation bodies, the prosecutor’s office, the court, the bar and other persons involved in criminal proceedings. The results of the study allowed the author to give his own definition of the criminal-procedural form, determine the main tendencies and outline the prospects for its further development in the context of finding a reasonable balance between the public interests of the society and the state, on the one hand, and the rights of an individual, on the other.

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