scholarly journals HIV/AIDS and Substance Use Prevention for African American Young Adults: Field Evaluation of “Color it Real”

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824402110197
Author(s):  
Jon Agley ◽  
Yunyu Xiao ◽  
Wasantha Jayawardene ◽  
Albert Gay ◽  
Rosemary King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
African American ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Substance Use Prevention ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Before And After

In the United States, African Americans continue to bear a disproportionate amount of risk from HIV and illicit drug use, highlighting the importance of culturally responsive prevention programming. Manualized HIV and substance use prevention curricula that are conceptually African centered are few, and evaluative data of such programs are sparse. This research brief aims to describe a field evaluation of the “Color it Real” (CIR) program, a 6-session, 12-hr HIV and substance use prevention curriculum for African American males and females aged 18 to 24 years. Participants ( n = 225) were recruited using convenience sampling from two cities within a high-risk county in Indiana. Attitudes, knowledge, and confidence related to HIV and substance use were assessed before and after the intervention. Wilcoxon and McNemar tests were used to compare pretest and posttest scores, and binary logistic regression models were used to examine sociodemographic associations with outcomes. Among the analytic sample ( n = 195), the CIR program was associated with several improved attitudes and increased knowledge related to HIV and substance use, but not with increased confidence in sexual negotiation skills. These findings represent the first published data from CIR since the developers’ original study, and support continued use of the curriculum by our program. Given the positive findings (i.e., attitudes and knowledge) and community receptiveness to CIR, we believe that a randomized, controlled trial of the intervention that includes longitudinal behavioral measurement would be a meaningful addition to prevention research.

scholarly journals Strong and Deadly Futures: Co-Development of a Web-Based Wellbeing and Substance Use Prevention Program for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and Non-Aboriginal Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2176
Author(s):  
Mieke Snijder ◽  
Lexine Stapinski ◽  
James Ward ◽  
Briana Lees ◽  
Cath Chapman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Prevention Program ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Torres Strait Islander ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Substance Use Prevention ◽  
Aboriginal Youth ◽  
Aboriginal Students ◽  
Torres Strait ◽  
Randomised Controlled

School-based programs can effectively prevent substance use; however, systematic reviews and consultation with stakeholders identified a need for effective, culturally inclusive programs for Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander (hereafter Aboriginal) youth. This paper describes the development of Strong & Deadly Futures, a six-lesson, curriculum-aligned wellbeing and substance use prevention program that was designed for, and with, the Aboriginal youth. Formative reviews and consultation recommended that the program (i) combine effective components of mainstream prevention with cultural elements, highlighting Aboriginal cultural strengths; (ii) avoid stigma and celebrates the cultural diversity by catering to both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal students; and (iii) use digital technology to enhance engagement, implementation and scalability. Guided by an Appreciative Inquiry approach, the program was developed in partnership with an Indigenous Creative Design Agency, and four schools in New South Wales and Queensland, Australia. Aboriginal (n = 41) and non-Aboriginal students (n = 36) described their role models, positive aspects of their community and reasons to avoid substance use; these formed the basis of an illustrated story which conveyed the key learning outcomes. Feedback from teachers, students and content experts supported the acceptability of the program, which will be evaluated in a subsequent randomised controlled trial.

Facilitating Sexual Assault Reporting on the College Campus: The Role of Procedural Justice in Bystander Decisions to Provide Police Referrals

2020 ◽  
pp. 107780122095428
Author(s):  
Tri Keah S. Henry ◽  
Travis W. Franklin ◽  
Cortney A. Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Race 2 ◽  
Sexual Assault Reporting

Using a randomly assigned 2 (victim race) × 2 (alcohol consumption) between-subjects factorial design, this study used surveys from a sample of 571 undergraduate students at a mid-sized, public university in the United States to determine the effect of procedural justice on police referral after reading a sexual assault disclosure vignette. Multivariate binary logistic regression models demonstrated that positive perceptions of procedural justice increased police referral following sexual assault disclosure. Victim alcohol consumption and rape myth acceptance decreased police referral. Victim race, victim alcohol consumption, and participant sex did not moderate the effect of procedural justice on police referral. Implications are discussed.

Correlates of Perceived HIV Prevalence and Associations With HIV Testing Behavior Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darcy White ◽  
Rob Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Hiv Testing Behavior

As the rate of HIV infection continues to rise among men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States, a focus of current prevention efforts is to encourage frequent HIV testing. Although levels of lifetime testing are high, low levels of routine testing among MSM are concerning. Using data from an online sample of 768 MSM, this article explores how perceptions of HIV prevalence are associated with HIV testing behavior. Ordinal logistic regression models were fitted to examine correlates of perceived prevalence, and binary logistic regression models were fitted to assess associations between perceived prevalence and HIV testing. The results indicate that perceptions of higher prevalence among more proximal reference groups such as friends and sex partners are associated with greater odds of HIV testing. Perceptions of HIV prevalence were nonuniform across the sample; these variations point to groups to target with strategic messaging and interventions to increase HIV testing among MSM.

scholarly journals Substance Use Prevention Programs for Indigenous Adolescents in the United States of America, Canada, Australia and New Zealand: Protocol for a Systematic Review (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mieke Snijder ◽  
Lexine Stapinski ◽  
Briana Lees ◽  
Nicola Newton ◽  
Katrina Champion ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Substance Use Prevention ◽  
Family Outcomes ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Indigenous Adolescents

BACKGROUND Indigenous adolescents are at a higher risk of experiencing harms related to substance use compared with their non-Indigenous counterparts as a consequence of earlier onset and higher rates of substance use. Early onset of substance use has been identified as a risk factor for future substance use problems and other health, social, and family outcomes. Therefore, prevention of substance use among adolescents has been identified as a key area to improve health of Indigenous Peoples. Evidence exists for the effectiveness of prevention approaches for adolescents in mainstream populations and, most recently, for the use of computer- and Internet-delivered interventions to overcome barriers to implementation. However, there is currently no conclusive evidence about the effectiveness of these approaches for Indigenous adolescents. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review is to synthesize the international evidence regarding the effectiveness of substance use prevention programs for Indigenous adolescents in the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. METHODS A total of 8 peer-reviewed databases and 20 gray literature databases will be searched, using search terms in line with the aims of this review and based on previous relevant reviews of substance use prevention. Studies will be included if they evaluate a substance use prevention program with Indigenous adolescents (aged 10 to 19 years) as the primary participant group and are published between January 1, 1990 and August 31, 2017. RESULTS A narrative synthesis will be provided about the effectiveness of the programs, the type of program (whether culture-based, adapted, or unadapted), delivery of the program (computer- and Internet-delivered or traditional), and the setting in which the programs are delivered (community, school, family, clinical, or a combination). CONCLUSIONS The study will identify core elements of effective substance use prevention programs among Indigenous adolescents and appraise the methodological quality of the studies. This review will provide researchers, policy makers, and program developers with evidence about the potential use of prevention approaches for Indigenous adolescents.

The Potential of Coaching as a Strategy to Improve the Effectiveness of School-Based Substance Use Prevention Curricula

2007 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 696-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher L. Ringwalt ◽  
Melinda M. Pankratz ◽  
William B. Hansen ◽  
Linda Dusenbury ◽  
Julia Jackson-Newsom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Substance Use Prevention ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
School Based ◽  
Prevention Curriculum ◽  
Expert Coaching ◽  
And Control ◽  
Positive Effect

Research-based substance use prevention curricula typically yield small effects when implemented by school teachers under real-world conditions. Using a randomized controlled trial, the authors examined whether expert coaching improves the effectiveness of the All Stars prevention curriculum. Although a positive effect on students' cigarette use was noted, this finding may be attributed to marked baseline differences on this variable across the intervention and control groups. No effects were found on students' alcohol or marijuana use or on any of several variables thought to mediate curriculum effects. The effects of coaching on teachers may not become evident until future years, when they have moved beyond an initial mechanical delivery of the curriculum.

The Stylisation of Internet Life?: Predictors of Internet Leisure Patterns Using Digital Inequality and Status Group Perspectives

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 27-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roderick Graham
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Digital Inequality ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Status Group ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Nationally Representative

This research addresses the question: What are the predictors of internet leisure patterns? With the barriers to internet access receding the question can be asked: Whether or not social groups are beginning to distinguish themselves through different types of internet activities? This research will focus on the domain of internet leisure and entertainment within the United States population. Internet leisure is measured in this study by playing games, doing hobbies, reading, watching videos and listening to music. Predictors are drawn from a digital inequality and a Weberian status group perspective. Binary logistic regression models are run on a nationally representative survey from the Pew Research Center's Internet and American Life Project (N = 2013). This research suggests that: (1) both digital inequality and status group perspectives tend to work together to explain all internet activities, but a status group perspective provides more explanation for leisure patterns, (2) internet leisure is best conceptualised as a form of popular culture with minorities and people of low socioeconomic status consuming leisure at higher rates.

scholarly journals Risk Profile of Thanksgiving Gatherers and Subsequent SARS-CoV2 Testing and Diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
William You ◽  
Madhura Rane ◽  
Rebecca Zimba ◽  
Amanda Berry ◽  
Sarah Kulkarni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Subsequent Test ◽  
Before And After

ABSTRACTBackgroundDuring Fall 2020 in the United States (U.S.), despite high COVID-19 case numbers and recommendations from public health officials not to travel and gather with individuals outside one’s household, millions of people gathered for Thanksgiving. The objective of this study was to understand if individuals’ behaviors and risk perceptions influenced their decision to gather, and if they did gather, their subsequent test seeking and diagnoses.MethodsParticipants were part of the CHASING COVID Cohort study - a U.S. national prospective cohort. The study sample consisted of participants who completed routine questionnaires before and after Thanksgiving. Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) use informed behavioral risk scores and a score of perceived risk of COVID-19 were assigned to each participant. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to assess the association between higher risk behaviors and gathering with other households, and the association of gathering with subsequent testing and test positivity.ResultsA total of 1,932 (40.5%) cohort participants spent Thanksgiving with individuals from at least one other household. Participants with higher behavioral risk scores had greater odds of gathering with one other household (aOR: 2.35, 95% CI: 2.0, 2.7), two other households (aOR: 4.54, 95% CI: 3.7, 5.6), and three or more other households (aOR: 5.44, 95% CI: 4.1, 7.2). Participants perceiving COVID-19 as a low-risk to themselves and others had greater odds of gathering with one other household (aOR: 1.12, 95% CI: 0.97, 1.3), two other households (aOR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.1, 1.7), and three or more other households (aOR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.4, 2.4). Those who spent Thanksgiving with one or more other households had 1.23 times greater odds (95% CI: 1.1, 1.4) of having a COVID-19 test afterward. There was no association between gathering for Thanksgiving and subsequent COVID-19 test positivity or developing COVID-19 symptoms.ConclusionsThose who gathered with other households for Thanksgiving tended to engage in higher-risk activities. Thanksgiving gathering with other households was not associated with subsequently testing positive for COVID-19, but only a small proportion obtained post-travel testing. Public health messaging should emphasize behavior change strategies that promote safer gathering.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document