Associations between the quality of street space and the attributes of the built environment using large volumes of street view pictures

2021 ◽  
pp. 239980832110563
Author(s):  
Shuangjin LI ◽  
Shuang Ma ◽  
De Tong ◽  
Zimu Jia ◽  
Pai Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Slope Length ◽  
Street View ◽  
Street Space ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Spatial Quality ◽  
Administrative Center

In this study, we focus on the quality of street space which has attracted high attentions. We discover associations between the quality of street space and built environment attributes through an ordered logistic model using massive street view pictures (SVPs) and data on street location, form, function and attributes. Before ascertain which built environment factors influence the quality of street space, we checked the concordance of the experts’ scores, as well as correlations between different dimensions through Kappa analysis and drew the distribution map of street space quality. We found that the value of intersection over union is 85.61% for scoring the street space quality by different people. The spatial quality of more than 75% streets are in the middle level with no obvious polarisation observed in the central area of Qingdao. In addition, for street quality index, all variables are statistically significant. The sequence is as follows: near-line rate > D/H ratio > slope > length of street > distance to administrative center > POIs diversity. The D/H ratio, near-line rate, slope length of street, distance to administrative center and POIs diversity have various associations on every dimension of street quality. They can prove useful for drafting more appropriate policy measures aimed at improving street quality.

scholarly journals Measuring Visual Quality of Street Space Based on Deep Learning and Street View Picture : Pilot in The Lilong Area in Shanghai

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinglai Zhang ◽  
◽  
Jiatian Bu ◽  
Yifan Yi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Semantic Segmentation ◽  
Visual Appearance ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Street View ◽  
Street Space ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Street Scene

Built environment indicates of street space quality have been carried out in a profound influence on the image of city，human behavior and public health. A street that is considered as a fundamental element in urban studies. Of the 5 elements of the image of a city, i.e. landmarks, paths, nodes, districts and edges, suggested that the paths are the most dominant elements, the research of which would provide a basis for the clustering and organization of the meanings and associations of the other four elements and the city as a whole. Additionally, taking a quantitative measurement of the visual appearance of street space has proven to be challenging because visual information is inherently ambiguous and semantically impoverished. Recent developed image semantic segmentation techniques and Street View Picture dataset make it possible to eliminate the previous restrictions, Furthermore, bringing forward a research paradigm shift. Lilong, which typically represent for historical street space in Shanghai, are selected for empirical study .This paper attempts to measure subjective qualities of the Lilong environment comprehensively and objectively. By employing Street View Picture, pictorial information is the proxy for street physical appearance, which utilizes the image semantic segmentation techniques (The model used in this study is Deep lab V3 which can achieve a 85.7% pixelwise accuracy when classifying 150 categories of objects) to parse an street scene into scene elements, such as buildings, roads, pavement, trees, cars, pedestrians, and bicycles. Then, the elements corresponding to each street point in the two directions of spatial coordinate are summarized and the average value is calculated. The potential factors were calculated based on 3-dimensional composition calculation of greenery, openness, enclosure and motorization may serve as indicators for inferring. The outcomes were used to evaluate the street types, functionality, quality, time, status, and human activities of a street. The result indicates that visual quality of Lilongs are barely satisfactory, while some regeneration projects in the historical protection block is better. A lot of Lilongs are in shortage of visual green, relative more continuous but with low vertical diversity. In the most recent 6 years, less than 2.74 million square meters Lilongs are not regenerated which are mainly slow building renovation. A series of quantitative analyses demonstrates the ability and great potential of auto-calculation method useful for auditing street environments.

scholarly journals Analysing the perceptions of the elderly on space vitality and related environmental factors based on residential community

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Sui ◽  
◽  
Dongfeng Yang ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
General Level ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Residential Community ◽  
Spatial Quality

Environmental perception of the residential community has a non-negligible impact on a healthy lifestyle for the elderly. The perceived level- and actual satisfaction- of the elderly offered by the “space vitality” of the residential community is closely related to the physical and mental health for the elderly which also largely determines their quality of life. From the perspective of urban planning, it is a crucial measure to identify and effectively regulate the critical environmental impact factors of the residential community that affect the perception and experience of the elderly, to promote the construction of the age-friendly community. This paper took Dalian, China as the research range, and took the elderly as the object of research in relation to the perception of space vitality within the residential community and its associated environment-related factors. Correlation analysis was used to identify the potential environmental factors related to the perception of space vitality by the elderly. It found that the general level of the elderly's perception of space vitality has a positive correlation with many elements of the built environment e.g., the perception of the diversity, or the landscape of leisure places, which are both related to overall spatial quality. However, it does not show a significant correlation with the social environment. Therefore, useful suggestions are made on how to improve the elderly’s perception of space vitality within the residential community, particularly in prior planning and design practice. The optimization of the spatial quality of the built environment should be the core point of concern. By optimizing the arrangement of the relevant elements of the site, the elderly’s level of perception and satisfaction with the space vitality of the residential community should improve; furthermore, the physical and mental health of the elderly will be promoted in line with their quality of life.

La Formación Continua y el Desarrollo de Competencias en los Docentes en Ejercicio del Nivel Secundario

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonor Alexandra Rodríguez Álava
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Training And Development ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Teaching Skills ◽  
Practicing Teachers ◽  
Active Subject ◽  
Continuous Preparation ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Ideal

Este artículo está encaminado a caracterizar el proceso de formación continua del docente del nivel medio en ejercicio asociado a la formación y desarrollo de sus competencias docentes, para lo que fueron utilizados métodos como   el análisis y síntesis, inducción y deducción, abstracción y concreción, la entrevista, la encuesta y  el cuestionario, donde a partir de sus resultados se  llega a la consideración de que la formación continua es la vía idónea para la formación y desarrollo de competencias docentes en los profesores en ejercicio, donde se debe asumir un modelo que propicie la reflexión sobre la propia práctica del docente, un clima de colaboración   y el profesor como sujeto activo de ese proceso.   Palabras claves: calidad educativa,   competencias docentes,   educador, estudio, preparación continua,  ABSTRACT   This article aims to characterize the process of education for teachers of middle level associated with exercise training and development of their teaching skills, for which methods were used as analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, abstraction and concreteness, interview and questionnaire survey, where from their results leads to the consideration that the training is the ideal way for the formation and development of teaching skills in practicing teachers, where they must assume a model that encourages reflection on own teaching practice, a climate of collaboration and the teacher as an active subject of that process Keywords: quality of education, teaching skills, teacher, study, continuous preparation

scholarly journals 31.B. Workshop: Public health and urban design: an interdisciplinary approach to promote autism friendly environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Autism is a set of heterogeneous neurodevelopmental conditions, characterised by early-onset difficulties in social communication and restricted, repetitive behaviour and interests. The worldwide population prevalence is about 1% with an increasing incidence and prevalence rates. Autism affects more male than female individuals, and comorbidity is common (>70% have concurrent conditions). Determinants of these changes in incidence and prevalence rates may also be related to exposure to environmental factors and to modifications in diagnostic concepts and criteria. In spite of the uncertainty in determinants of incidence of autisms, there is evidence that environmental characteristics play a significant role both as autism risk factors and as potential obstacles that influence the capabilities of autonomously and fully “using” everyday spaces. The workshop aims to provide a framework on risk factors of autism and explore the relationship with the built environment, focusing on the quality of the everyday spaces and projecting the effects that it could have in the long term on achieving a desirable level of quality of life. The 11th Sustainable Development Goals of United Nations “Make cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable” underlines the necessity of designing policies and projects acting to enhance and promote healthy cities and communities by addressing the needs of the most vulnerable groups of inhabitants. Herewith we bring together the discipline of Public Health and Urban Design to promote an interdisciplinary debate on a little explored topic investigating how the approaches adopted during childhood to promote the wellbeing of people with ASD can be related or strengthen by focusing also on built environment design intervention to pursue and reach the same objectives even during adulthood. The workshop will consist of four presentations. The first focuses on giving an overview on current knowledge of intervention for people with autism, presenting also criteria for evidence-based interventions. The second explores the relationship between autism and built environment by providing an exhaustive framework of the available research literature in order to identify a first set of spatial requirements for autism friendly cities. The third examines the impact of built environment on ASD users with the aim of developing a specific evaluation tool for healthcare spaces and best practices formulation according to the specific sensorial hypo- or hyper-activation of people with autism. Finally, the fourth reports the results of a two years Research & Development project called “GAP REDUCE” finalized at developing an Assistive Technology tool to support people with ASD, adult and high-functioning, to plan urban itineraries towards daily destinations. Key messages World's incidence of autism is about 1% with an increasing incidence whose determining rates may also be related to environmental factors and to modifications in diagnostic concepts and criteria. Environmental characteristics play a significant role also as potential obstacles that influence the capabilities of people with autism of autonomously and fully “using” everyday spaces.

scholarly journals Integration of Satellite Data with High Resolution Ratio: Improvement of Spectral Quality with Preserving Spatial Details

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 4418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Sekrecka ◽  
Michal Kedzierski
Keyword(s):  
High Ratio ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Spectral Quality ◽  
Local Statistics ◽  
Panchromatic Image ◽  
Urbanized Area ◽  
Fusion Methods ◽  
Spatial Quality ◽  
Different Levels

Commonly used image fusion techniques generally produce good results for images obtained from the same sensor, with a standard ratio of spatial resolution (1:4). However, an atypical high ratio of resolution reduces the effectiveness of fusion methods resulting in a decrease in the spectral or spatial quality of the sharpened image. An important issue is the development of a method that allows for maintaining simultaneous high spatial and spectral quality. The authors propose to strengthen the pan-sharpening methods through prior modification of the panchromatic image. Local statistics of the differences between the original panchromatic image and the intensity of the multispectral image are used to detect spatial details. The Euler’s number and the distance of each pixel from the nearest pixel classified as a spatial detail determine the weight of the information collected from each integrated image. The research was carried out for several pan-sharpening methods and for data sets with different levels of spectral matching. The proposed solution allows for a greater improvement in the quality of spectral fusion, while being able to identify the same spatial details for most pan-sharpening methods and is mainly dedicated to Intensity-Hue-Saturation based methods for which the following improvements in spectral quality were achieved: about 30% for the urbanized area and about 15% for the non-urbanized area.

STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN BISNIS BADAN USAHA MILIK PETANI (BUMP) PT PADI ENERGI PROKLAMASI DI KABUPATEN KARAWANG, JAWA BARAT

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Doni Sahat Tua Manalu
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Swot Matrix ◽  
Weighted Score ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

Currently some areas of Indonesia are being developed Badan Usaha Milik Petani (BUMP) as a form of institutional agribusiness, especially in the central area of rice production. Karawang regency is one of the regions in Indonesia who have great potential in rice production. BUMP PT Padi Energi Proklamasi is one that stands in the Karawang regency, West Java. This research aims to identify environmental external factors into opportunities and threats as well as the company's internal environmental factors that the company's strengths and weaknesses, formulate alternative strategies that the company can run according to environmental conditions and analyze the company's strategic priorities that can be run by enterprises in accordance with the company's environmental conditions. Data analysis was carried out qualitative and quantitative descriptive with EFE matrix-IFE, IE Matrix, SWOT matrix and QSPM. EFE matrix evaluation results in a score of 3.148 indicates that the BUMP PT Padi Energi Proklamasi respond both opportunities and threats that exist in the industry well. Based on the matrix IFE total weighted score is 3.684. The results obtained from processing QSPM priority strategies that can be run by BUMP PT Padi Energi Proklamasi is improving the quality of services to members through the existing facilities and infrastructure as well as government policies and others who support the business with the highest value that is equal to TAS 7.147. Keywords : Strategy, Institutional Agribusiness, BUMP PT Padi Energi Proklamasi

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