Disparities of Well-being Between the Female-headed ST and Non-ST Households: A State-wise Overview in India

2021 ◽  
pp. 2455328X2110427
Author(s):  
Bapan Biswas ◽  
Nasrin Banu
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Patriarchal System ◽  
The Family ◽  
Household Assets ◽  
Cross Tabulation ◽  
Female Headed Households ◽  
Female Member ◽  
Economic Well Being

Indian society is still dominated by the patriarchal system where women get less importance. A majority of households in India are headed by the male member of the family. According to Census 2011, only 10.78% of households are headed by a female member, and they are marginalized compared to the households headed by the male counterpart. Indian society is stratified into several groups based on language, religion, castes and tribes. Scheduled Tribes (ST) are the most marginalized among these social groups. From this perspective, the study focuses mainly on two marginalized sections, i.e. female-headed households (FHHs) of ST and their counterpart of non-ST families. This comparative study mainly describes the well-being disparity between the ST and non-ST FHHs based on the housing condition, presence of basic amenities and household assets possession. The study also emphasizes the regional disparity of economic well-being in the FHHs between ST and non-ST community in India. It is a secondary database work based on Census of India 2011. Descriptive statistics, cross-tabulation, paired sample t-test and disparity index have been used to obtain empirical outcome. The results indicate that though the proportion share of FHHs is higher in ST community, in all the fields they are lagging behind the non-ST FHHs at the national level. In most of the states, non-ST FHHs are well off in terms of economic well-being compared to the ST FHHs, and it creates well-being disparity between two groups. Further, the study found that the magnitude of well-being also differs within its own community.

The budget of a Corsican stem family

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTOINE MARCHINI
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Family Member ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Single Item ◽  
Family Household ◽  
The Family ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Economic Well Being

This article provides a detailed analysis of the income and expenditure of a stem family household from Bastelica, Corsica, based on information collected in 1867 and 1887 according to the scheme recommended by Frédéric Le Play. The budget indicates the work undertaken by each member of the family and which economic activities were most valuable to the family in terms of the income they generated and the level of profit. The primary resource of the family was its members, as the family used almost no non-family labour. The composition of the household, and the distribution of its members in terms of age and sex, were therefore critical for its economic well-being. Members of the family contributed their labour according to their sex, age and place within the household. Males were better paid than females but each son received more than his father and the daughters were better paid than their mother. Apart from the father, the less well paid the family member, the longer the time they were at work. In addition, the two highly paid sons were unemployed for more than half of the year. This provided a reserve of labour in the event of a rise in the ratio of consumers to workers within the family. The economy of the family was based on the exploitation of its patrimony and on animal husbandry. Food constituted the largest single item of expenditure but the diet of this family did not provide the 2,800 calories of the average diet in France between 1855 and 1874.

Grandparent Coresidence and Family Well-Being

2014 ◽  
Vol 654 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel E. Dunifon ◽  
Kathleen M. Ziol-Guest ◽  
Kimberly Kopko
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
The Family ◽  
New Research ◽  
Economic Well Being

U.S. children today have increasingly diverse living arrangements. In 2012, 10 percent of children lived with at least one grandparent; 8 percent lived in three-generational households, consisting of a parent and a grandparent; while 2 percent lived with a grandparent and no parent in the household. This article reviews the literature on grandparent coresidence and presents new research on children coresiding with grandparents in modern families. Findings suggest that grandparent coresidence is quite common and that its prevalence increased during the Great Recession. Additionally, these living arrangements are diverse themselves, varying by the marital status of the parent, the home in which the family lives, and the economic well-being of the family. Suggestions for future research are also proposed.

Bequests as an Instrument for Accommodating Inheritance Rules: Israel as a Case Study

1995 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aharon Layish
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
The Family ◽  
Economic Well Being

AbstractFreedom of civil testation available, since 1965, to Israeli Muslims within some of the sharīʿa courts, has replaced the family waqf as an instrument for circumventing the compulsory rules of inheritance (ʿilm al-farāʾid). This marks in many respects the victory of custom over the sharīʿa. On the basis of an analysis of bequests probated in the sharīʿa courts, I conclude that the bequest is being used as a means to prevent fragmentation of the patrimony and to preserve it in the hands of the testator's sons or, in their absence, other male agnates, in units as complete and economically sound as possible. While excluding his wife and daughters from the estate, the testator secures their economic well-being by allocating them subsistence allowances and residential rights, that is, customary maintenance out of the estate. At the same time, the making of bequests demonstrates the capacity of women to dispose of property. The concern for orphaned grandchildren is another incentive for making a will.

Wellness in the Family Business

1993 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Stier
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Insurance Costs ◽  
Worker Satisfaction ◽  
The Family ◽  
Economic Well Being

This article addresses the unique opportunity that family business owners have to create worksite environments that promote wellness in employees while increasing productivity. By giving physical and psychological well-being the same importance as economic well-being, the company benefits through healthier employees, reduction of absenteeism, lower insurance costs, and increased productivity and worker satisfaction.

scholarly journals Household Coping Strategies During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Chile

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julieta Palma ◽  
Consuelo Araos
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Multigenerational Households ◽  
Household Coping Strategies ◽  
Female Headed Households ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Economic Well Being

Chile was severely hit by the COVID-19 pandemic. The implementation of social distancing measures strongly affected the Chilean economy: the unemployment rate grew rapidly as well as the proportion of population temporarily excluded from the labour force. This article analyses the strategies deployed by Chilean households to cope with the impact of the pandemic at the intersection with household structure and its socio-economics characteristics. Secondary data analysis from the Encuesta Social COVID-19 (COVID-19 Social Survey), carried out by the Chilean Ministry for Social Development and Families, were used to analyse the income-generating and expenditure-minimising strategies adopted by households during the early months (March to July of 2020) of the pandemic. The results show that 60.3% of households experienced a drop in family income, 70.3% indicated that they had to use at least one income-generating strategy, and 76.6% at least one expenditure-minimising strategy during the early months of the pandemic. Indebtedness and decapitalisation characterised most of the coping strategies adopted by households. While living in multigenerational households does not protect family members from declining economic well-being, older people living in one- and two-generation households were found to be least affected economically during the crisis. They were also less likely to resort to these coping strategies, insofar as their income was mainly secured from pensions. Although female-headed households did not show a greater reduction in income than male-headed households, they were more likely to adopt income-generating strategies. This article draws attention to the possible effects of decapitalisation and indebtedness on the long-term economic well-being of households with different structures, and the resulting inequalities in their capacity to recover from the effects of the pandemic. The findings suggest that having a source of family income that is not dependent on labour market flows is crucial in times of crises.

FENOMENA KHULU’ AKIBAT KEMAMPUAN EKONOMI RENDAH (Studi Kasus di Pengadilan Agama Lumajang Kelas 1 A)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-211
Author(s):  
Husnul Khotimah ◽  
Ainul Churria Almalachim
Keyword(s):  
Logical Consequence ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Alternative Solution ◽  
The Family ◽  
Economic Well Being ◽  
Husband And Wife

Economic well being or a livelihood in the family can be a trigger to realize the family mandate of sakinah, mawaddah and rahmah. This can be achieved with an established education, age and occupation. Living is a logical consequence of marriage, where it is the husband's obligation to his wife, so that if the husband does not provide a proper living for the wife, then it is not uncommon for couples to experience tempestuous relationships continuously until it leads to divorce. Divorce from the background aspect is seen as an alternative solution in overcoming unresolved household problems, so divorce must be for strong and clear reasons, and only in circumstances that can endanger the husband and wife only divorce is permitted by Religion. Kesejahteraan ekonomi atau nafkah dalam keluarga bisa menjadi pemantik untuk mewujudkan mandat keluarga yaitu sakinah, mawaddah dan rahmah. Hal demikian bisa tercapai dengan mapannya pendidikan, usia dan pekerjaan. Nafkah merupakan konsekuensi logis pernikahan, dimana hal tersebut merupakan kewajiban suami terhadap istri, sehingga jika suami tidak memberikan nafkah yang layak kepada istri, maka tidak jarang relasi pasangan akan mengalami prahara secara terus menerus hingga berujung pada perceraian. Perceraian dari aspek yang melatar belakanginya dipandang sebagai solusi alternatif dalam mengatasi permasalahan rumah tangga yang tidak terselesaikan, sehingga terjadinya perceraian harus dengan alasan-alasan yang kuat dan jelas, dan hanya dalam keadaan yang dapat membahayakan suami dan istri sajalah perceraian diperbolehkan oleh Agama.

Family values in the focus of Russian researchers

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
D.M. Kovba ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Family Values ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Age Group ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Main Fault ◽  
Professional Self ◽  
Economic Well Being

Identified are features and patterns of coverage of the issue of family values in Russia in the works of domestic scientists. The interest in this topic is caused by two main reasons: firstly, the changes taking place today in the political, spiritual, economic and other spheres have an impact on the transformation of the institution of the family; secondly, family values are one of the most significant components of the value foundation of Russian society. For the analysis, 1396 scientific papers published over the period 2001–2010 were selected. It was found that when describing the state of family values in Russia, crisis phenomena, the transformation of society and its basic values are recorded. The main fault is recorded along the “traditional-modern” line. The reasons for the transformation are associated with the processes of globalization, an increase in economic well-being, ample opportunities for personal and professional self-realization, and a tendency towards individualization. It was revealed that one of the most popular subjects of research is the study of family values of the younger generation, since the nature of the social structure in the future depends on this age group. It has been established that it is typical for researchers to define family values as something in need of formation, cultivation, and strengthening. At the same time, the main responsibility for strategic planning and the approval of a set of tools for strengthening the family and family values in Russia rests with state authorities at various levels.

scholarly journals KAJIAN SOSIO DEMOGRAFI DAN MANAJEMEN SUMBERDAYA TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN EKONOMI KELUARGA DI KABUPATEN KERINCI PROVINSI JAMBI

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-152
Author(s):  
. Suandi
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Family Resource Management ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Resource ◽  
Economic Well Being

The objectives of this study are to identify and describe the level of family economic wellbeing As well as the socio-demographic and family resource management, and to analyze the influence of socio-demographic and management of resources factors on the economic well-being of family. TheStudy designwascrosssectional The study was conducted in the Kerinci regency of Jambi Province. Research time for eigth months. Research variables: (1) the family's economic well-being (objective and subjective), (2) sociodemographic (education level, skills of heads of families, and the level of dependency ratio), and (3) management of family resources (management of time, number of family members, and financial management). The research sample were 174 households or ten percent of the population (1743 households) are chosen using cluster, purposive and random sampling methods. Data were collected using survay, indepth interview, and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Data analysis using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with LISREL program (version 8.7).The results showed that the level of wellbeing Families in the study area were relatively wealthy. Objective Economic well-being of expenditure proxy for Rp.10.541.000 per year. The level of satisfaction or subjective economic well-being was highly (68.4%) for daily needs. Through the SEM model testing showed that socio-demographic and family resource management variables, both directly and indirectly positive effect and significant on the level of economic well-being(objective and subjective) of the family with a value betha (ß) respectively, are 6.2 and 3.1.Key words: socio-demographics, family resource management, and economic well-being of the family. 

scholarly journals Gender Inequality in Literacy Status and Households Economic Well-Being in Burkina Faso: A Semiparametric Bi-variate Sample Selection Modeling Approach

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Niankara
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Capita Consumption ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Female Headed Households ◽  
Per Capita Consumption ◽  
Economic Well Being

This paper models the factors explaining households members economic well-being in Burkina Faso, with a focus on the relative influence of gender inequality in literacy status. It does so, using data from the 2014 survey on household living conditions and a semi-parametric bi-variate sample selection modeling approach. This approach compared to the classic Heckman two-step estimator is methodologically innovative because it deals simultaneously with non-random sample selection using conventional systems of two equations, non-linear covariates' effects using spline approach, and the non-normal bivariate distribution using copula functions. The graphical results from the Lorenz curves combined with the numerical Atkinson and Gini coefficients suggest that inequality in overall per-capita consumption spending among households headed by literates is higher than that of their illiterate counterparts in 2009 and 2014. However, independently of the head of household’s literacy status, the level of inequality in total economic well-being decreased from 2009 to 2014. Using the poverty indices of Watts, Sen, Foster ( alpha= 1)) we found that poverty among households headed by literates is lower than that of their illiterates counterparts for both years, although overall poverty decreased nationally between 2009 and 2014. The results also show that although the gender inequality in literacy status does not translate into inequalities in non-food wellness, it does however for food-wellness as female headed households have 38.9% less per-capita food consumption spending than their men counterparts. Combining both food and non-food consumption spending, total economic well-being also seems to exhibit gender inequality as female headed households now have relatively 26.7% less combined per-capita consumption spending.

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