COVID-19 and conjunctivitis: a meta-analysis

COVID-19 is a disease first identified in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, in December 2019, causes by a SARS-COV-2 virus infection. By 27 October 2020, 43,921,473 confirmed cases were reported worldwide, with 1,166,389 COVID-19 deaths. Conjunctivitis has been reported in adults and pediatric patients with COVID-19. Objective: The aim of this meta-analysis is to estimate the odd Ratio (ORs) of conjunctivitis in patients with COVID-19. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis have been performed using the PubMed and Google Scholar literature search. The ORs of conjunctivitis in adults and pediatric patients is the outcome of this meta-analysis. Results: There have been 1041 articles published since the outbreak in December 2019, according to the latest literature. For the meta-analysis, 20 studies with a total of 3383 participants were included. The odds ratio (ORs) of conjunctivitis was 0.01 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.00–0.02). No bias has been reported. Conclusion: Conjunctivitis is the most common ocular manifestations reported in adults. This comprehensive meta-analysis quantifies the existing evidence linking conjunctivitis with COVID-19 and highlights the high percentage of heterogeneity that is shown in the current studies. Finally, it offers a single review article which includes all the current articles available for COVID-19 and conjunctivitis in adults and children.

Download Full-text

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Examining Pneumonia-Associated Mortality in Dementia

Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders ◽

10.1159/000367783 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 39 (1-2) ◽

pp. 52-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Norine C. Foley ◽

Rebecca H. Affoo ◽

Ruth E. Martin

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Literature Search ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Comparison Group ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Isi Web Of Science ◽

The Subject

Background: Although it is generally accepted that deaths associated with pneumonia are more common in patients with dementia, no comprehensive reviews on the subject have previously been published. Summary: Relevant studies were identified through a literature search of the PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science databases for publications up to August 2013. Studies were included if (1) a group of adult subjects with dementia and a (comparison) group composed of subjects without dementia were included, (2) the cause(s) of death was/were reported, and (3) pneumonia was identified as one of the possible causes of death. The occurrence of death due to pneumonia associated with dementia was expressed as an odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Thirteen studies were included. The odds of death resulting from pneumonia were significantly increased for persons with any form of dementia compared with those without dementia (OR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.44-3.42, p < 0.001). In a subgroup analysis, using the results from 8 studies that restricted inclusion to persons with Alzheimer's disease, the odds of death resulting from pneumonia were also significantly higher (OR = 1.70, 95% CI 1.12-2.58, p = 0.013). Key Messages: The odds of pneumonia-associated mortality were increased more than 2-fold for patients with dementia. © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel

Download Full-text

Ocular Manifestations and Tear or Conjunctival Swab PCR Positivity for 2019-nCoV in Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3566161 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Phulen Sarma ◽

Hardeep Kaur ◽

Harpinder Kaur ◽

Jaimini Bhattacharyya ◽

Manisha Prajapat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Ocular Manifestations ◽

Conjunctival Swab

Download Full-text

The effect of influenza virus infection on pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies

International Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1016/j.ijid.2021.02.095 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 105 ◽

pp. 567-578

Author(s):

Ruitong Wang ◽

Wenxin Yan ◽

Min Du ◽

Liyuan Tao ◽

Jue Liu

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Influenza Virus ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Pregnancy Outcomes ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Influenza Virus Infection

Download Full-text

Triple versus LAMA/LABA combination therapy for patients with COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Respiratory Research ◽

10.1186/s12931-021-01777-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Akira Koarai ◽

Mitsuhiro Yamada ◽

Tomohiro Ichikawa ◽

Naoya Fujino ◽

Tomotaka Kawayama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Combination Therapy ◽

Triple Therapy ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Beta Agonist ◽

History Of ◽

Dyspnea Score ◽

Long Acting

Abstract Background Recently, the addition of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) to long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) and long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) combination therapy has been recommended for patients with COPD who have severe symptoms and a history of exacerbations because it reduces the exacerbations. In addition, a reducing effect on mortality has been shown by this treatment. However, the evidence is mainly based on one large randomized controlled trial IMPACT study, and it remains unclear whether the ICS add-on treatment is beneficial or not. Recently, a large new ETHOS trial has been performed to clarify the ICS add-on effects. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety including ETHOS trial. Methods We searched relevant randomized control trials (RCTs) and analyzed the exacerbations, quality of life (QOL), dyspnea symptom, lung function and adverse events including pneumonia and mortality, as the outcomes of interest. Results We identified a total of 6 RCTs in ICS add-on protocol (N = 13,579). ICS/LAMA/LABA treatment (triple therapy) significantly decreased the incidence of exacerbations (rate ratio 0.73, 95% CI 0.64–0.83) and improved the QOL score and trough FEV1 compared to LAMA/LABA. In addition, triple therapy significantly improved the dyspnea score (mean difference 0.33, 95% CI 0.18–0.48) and mortality (odds ratio 0.66, 95% CI 0.50–0.87). However, triple therapy showed a significantly higher incidence of pneumonia (odds ratio 1.52, 95% CI 1.16–2.00). In the ICS-withdrawal protocol including 2 RCTs, triple therapy also showed a significantly better QOL score and higher trough FEV1 than LAMA/LABA. Concerning the trough FEV1, QOL score and dyspnea score in both protocols, the differences were less than the minimal clinically important difference. Conclusion Triple therapy causes a higher incidence of pneumonia but is a more preferable treatment than LAMA/LABA due to the lower incidence of exacerbations, higher trough FEV1 and better QOL score. In addition, triple therapy is also superior to LABA/LAMA due to the lower mortality and better dyspnea score. However, these results should be only applied to patients with symptomatic moderate to severe COPD and a history of exacerbations. Clinical Trial Registration: PROSPERO; CRD42020191978.

Download Full-text

Autism Spectrum Disorder and Clinical High Risk for Psychosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders ◽

10.1007/s10803-021-05046-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Julio Vaquerizo-Serrano ◽

Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo ◽

Jatinder Singh ◽

Paramala Santosh

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

High Risk ◽

Literature Search ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Clinical High Risk ◽

Psychotic Experiences ◽

Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome ◽

The Mean ◽

Spectrum Disorders

AbstractPsychotic experiences can occur in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Some of the ASD individuals with these experiences may fulfil Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis (CHR-P) criteria. A systematic literature search was performed to review the information on ASD and CHR-P. A meta-analysis of the proportion of CHR-P in ASD was conducted. The systematic review included 13 studies. The mean age of ASD individuals across the included studies was 11.09 years. The Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome subgroup was the most frequently reported. Four studies were meta-analysed, showing that 11.6% of CHR-P individuals have an ASD diagnosis. Symptoms of prodromal psychosis may be present in individuals with ASD. The transition from CHR-P to psychosis is not affected by ASD.

Download Full-text

Adherence to antihypertensive medications and associated factors among hypertensive patients in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis

SAGE Open Medicine ◽

10.1177/2050312120982459 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 205031212098245

Author(s):

Assefa Tola Gemeda ◽

Lemma Demissie Regassa ◽

Adisu Birhanu Weldesenbet ◽

Bedasa Taye Merga ◽

Nanti Legesse ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Medication Adherence ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Antihypertensive Medication ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Group Analysis ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Pooled Prevalence

The foundation of controlling hypertension is adherence to antihypertensive medication adherence. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the magnitude and associated factors of adherence to antihypertensive medication among adult hypertensive patients in Ethiopia. A comprehensible bibliographic searching was conducted from PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science core collection. All published and unpublished studies that had been accessible before 31 May 2020, and written in English were eligible. Joanna Briggs Institute assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of the findings of the included studies. Stata software 16.0 was used to analyze the data. Study-specific estimates were pooled to determine the overall prevalence estimate across studies using a random-effects meta-analysis model. Publication bias and heterogeneity were checked. Fourteen studies with a total of 4938 hypertensive patients were included in the final systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of medication adherence among hypertensive patients in Ethiopia was 65.41% (95% confidence interval: 58.91–71.91). Sub-group analysis shown that the pooled prevalence of medication adherence was the highest (69.07%, 95% confidence interval: 57.83–80.31, I2 = 93.51) among studies using questionnaire technique whereas the lowest in Morisky Medication Adherence Scale eight-items (60.66%, 95% confidence interval: 48.92–72.40, I2 = 97.16). Moreover, medication adherence was associated with the presence of comorbidities (pooled odds ratio = 0.23, 95% confidence interval: 0.07–0.38, p = 0.030, I2 = 54.9%) and knowledge about the disease and its management (pooled odds ratio = 2.98, 95% confidence interval: 1.72–4.24, p = 0.04, I2 = 55.55%) but not with place of residence (pooled odds ratio = 1.22, 95% confidence interval: 0.51–1.93, p = 0.00, I2 = 76.9%). Despite a lack of uniformity among included studies, adherence to antihypertensive medication among the hypertensive population in Ethiopia was moderate. The presence of comorbidities and/or complications reduced the odds of adherence whereas having good knowledge about the disease increased chance of medication adherence among hypertensive patients.

Download Full-text

Risk of nodal disease in patients with MRI-detected extramural vascular invasion in rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Tumori Journal ◽

10.1177/0300891620975867 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 030089162097586

Author(s):

Pratik Tripathi ◽

Zhen Li ◽

Yaqi Shen ◽

Xuemei Hu ◽

Daoyu Hu

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Rectal Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Vascular Invasion ◽

Literature Search ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Nodal Disease ◽

The Impact

Background: The impact of magnetic resonance imaging–detected extramural vascular invasion (mrEMVI) in distant metastasis is well known but its correlation with prevalence of lymph node metastasis is less studied. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the prevalence of nodal disease in mrEMVI–positive and negative cases in rectal cancer. Methods: Following guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, a systematic literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EMBase was carried out to identify relevant studies published up to May 2019. Results: Our literature search generated 10 studies (863 and 1212 mrEMVI–positive and negative patients, respectively). The two groups (mrEMVI–positive and negative) were significantly different in terms of nodal disease status (odds ratio [OR] 3.15; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.12–4.67; p < 0.001). The prevalence of nodal disease was 75.90% vs 52.56% in the positive mrEMVI vs negative mrEMVI group, respectively ( p < 0.001). The prevalence of positive lymph node in positive mrEMVI patients treated with neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT/CRT) (OR 2.47; 95% CI 1.65–3.69; p < 0.001) was less compared with the patients who underwent surgery alone (OR 6.25; 95% CI 3.74–10.44; p < 0.001). Conclusion: The probability of positive lymph nodes in cases of positive mrEMVI is distinctly greater compared with negative cases in rectal cancer. Positive mrEMVI indicates risk of nodal disease prevalence increased by threefold in rectal cancer.

Download Full-text