scholarly journals Distribution of hyaluronan in bull reproductive organs.

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 1479-1486 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Tammi ◽  
S Rönkkö ◽  
U M Agren ◽  
M Tammi
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Vesicle ◽  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Accessory Gland ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Accessory Sex Glands ◽  
Cartilage Proteoglycan

To study the expression of hyaluronan in male reproductive organs and the origin of seminal plasma hyaluronan, we stained various parts of the bull reproductive tract for hyaluronan using a biotinylated probe derived from cartilage proteoglycan (bHABC). The potential loss of hyaluronan during tissue processing was checked with a novel technique by blotting frozen tissue sections on nitrocellulose and staining the blots with bHABC. In the same tissues the CD44 receptor was visualized by Hermes 1 antibody. The testes showed only traces of hyaluronan, whereas both the epithelium and the connective tissue of seminal vesicle, prostate, Cowper's gland, and epididymis were positive in bHABC staining. Hyaluronan was localized on the basolateral surfaces of these epithelial cells. The secretions inside the seminal vesicle and in the ducts of prostate and Cowper's gland were HA-positive, whereas the luminal contents of seminiferous tubules and epididymis were unstained both in paraffin sections and in the in situ blocks. The data indicate that hyaluronan in seminal plasma originates from the accessory sex glands. The co-localization of CD44 with hyaluronan in the basolateral surfaces of the accessory gland epithelia and its absence from other epithelia with little or no hyaluronan supports its role as a hyaluronan receptor.

Reproduction in the Female White-Striped Mastiff Bat, Tadarida australis (Gray) (Molossidae)

1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Kitchener ◽  
CJ Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Museum Specimens ◽  
Histological Techniques ◽  
Lactating Females ◽  
Young Of The Year ◽  
The Right ◽  
Reproductive Phases

The reproductive cycle of female T, australis is outlined from examination of reproductive organs in situ and from histological techniques on museum specimens collected in Australia, south of latitude 22�S., over the last 88 years. Features of the reproductive tract and ovaries during important repro- ductive phases are described. There is a marked asymmetry of the reproductive organs, only the right ovary and uterine horn being functional. T. australis is monoestrous; there is no indication of marked differences in the timing of reproductive phases between regional populations. A single, deeply embed- ded corpus luteum occupies up to 60% of the ovary and degenerates at about the time of parturition. Apparently, most females, including young of the year, become pregnant each year, and give birth to a single young, usually between mid-December and late January, although occasionally as late as the end of February. Most young are weaned by early May. There is a short anoestrus, which is probably restricted to early lactating females, followed by a relatively long pro-oestrus. Copulation, ovulation and fertilization occur around late August. There is no evidence of hibernation.

THE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS OF THE VELVET MITE, ALLOTHROMBIUM LEROUXI (TROMBIDIFORMES: TROMBIDIIDAE)

1970 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Mathur ◽  
E. J. LeRoux
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Vesicle ◽  
Ejaculatory Duct ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Accessory Gland ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Accessory Glands ◽  
Receptaculum Seminis ◽  
Female Reproductive Organs

AbstractThe anatomy and functions of the male and female reproductive organs of Allothrombium lerouxi Moss are described in detail. In the male, the reproductive organs consist of paired testes, paired vasa diferentia, a median seminal vesicle, a median ejaculatory duct, bursa expulsatoria, a penis, and a median accessory gland; in the female, they consist of paired ovaries, paired oviducts, a median uterus and a vagina. The function of the parts in the male differs from that reported in other species of Trombidiformes, and in females fertilization takes place in the spongy epithelium of the uterus instead of in the oviducts as in oribatids. Females also lack a receptaculum seminis and accessory glands.

Morphology of male reproductive organs of the rice field crab Esanthelphusa nani (Naiyanetr, 1984) (Brachyura, Gecarcinucidae)

Crustaceana ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 94 (7) ◽  
pp. 823-844
Author(s):  
Rachata Maneein ◽  
Julien Claude ◽  
Jirarach Kitana ◽  
Noppadon Kitana
Keyword(s):  
Rice Field ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Vas Deferens ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Tropical Regions

Abstract The rice field crab is considered a pest that disrupts rice production in paddy fields in tropical regions. The crab is also used as a stable food source by local people in many countries in Southeast Asia. For both of these roles, a good knowledge of the crab’s reproductive biology is necessary to manage populations in their natural habitats. This study aims to investigate the reproductive cycle of adult males of the rice field crab Esanthelphusa nani (Naiyanetr, 1984). Males crabs were sampled monthly in a paddy field; individuals were then anaesthetized and dissected, and their reproductive tract was analysed. The gonadosomatic index (GSI) was evaluated based on the relative weight of the reproductive tract and body weight. The male GSI showed significant temporal difference, with the highest levels in June, August and September. Based on GSI and macroscopic examination, the testis and vas deferens can be classified into three stages of increasing size: (1) resting stage, (2) developing stage and (3) active stage. Microscopic examination revealed that the testis and vas deferens had a tubular structure. Seminiferous tubules in the testis underwent spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis at every stage. The vas deferens consisted of three major regions: anterior, middle and posterior, which showed different types of epithelia. Interestingly, the microscopic structure of the vas deferens was similar among these three reproductive stages. It is also important to note that round-shaped spermatozoa were found in different parts of the reproductive tract, including the seminiferous tubule and vas deferens, as well as in the female seminal receptacle, whereas no spermatophores were found in this species. Overall, this study shows that mature sperms can be found in the reproductive tract of male E. nani throughout the year, indicating that males have prolonged spermatogenic activities.

scholarly journals Equine Arteritis Virus Elicits a Mucosal Antibody Response in the Reproductive Tract of Persistently Infected Stallions

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariano Carossino ◽  
Bettina Wagner ◽  
Alan T. Loynachan ◽  
R. Frank Cook ◽  
Igor F. Canisso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Persistent Infection ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Equine Arteritis Virus ◽  
Serological Response ◽  
Local Inflammatory Response ◽  
Accessory Sex Glands ◽  
Immunoglobulin Isotypes ◽  
Mucosal Antibody

ABSTRACT Equine arteritis virus (EAV) has the ability to establish persistent infection in the reproductive tract of the stallion (carrier) and is continuously shed in its semen. We have recently demonstrated that EAV persists within stromal cells and a subset of lymphocytes in the stallion accessory sex glands in the presence of a significant local inflammatory response. In the present study, we demonstrated that EAV elicits a mucosal antibody response in the reproductive tract during persistent infection with homing of plasma cells into accessory sex glands. The EAV-specific immunoglobulin isotypes in seminal plasma included IgA, IgG1, IgG3/5, and IgG4/7. Interestingly, seminal plasma IgG1 and IgG4/7 possessed virus-neutralizing activity, while seminal plasma IgA and IgG3/5 did not. However, virus-neutralizing IgG1 and IgG4/7 in seminal plasma were not effective in preventing viral infectivity. In addition, the serological response was primarily mediated by virus-specific IgM and IgG1, while virus-specific serum IgA, IgG3/5, IgG4/7, and IgG6 isotype responses were not detected. This is the first report characterizing the immunoglobulin isotypes in equine serum and seminal plasma in response to EAV infection. The findings presented herein suggest that while a broader immunoglobulin isotype diversity is elicited in seminal plasma, EAV has the ability to persist in the reproductive tract, in spite of local mucosal antibody and inflammatory responses. This study provides further evidence that EAV employs complex immune evasion mechanisms during persistence in the reproductive tract that warrant further investigation.

scholarly journals Glycodelin mRNA is expressed in the genital tract of male and female rats (Rattus norvegicus)

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Keil ◽  
B Husen ◽  
J Giebel ◽  
G Rune ◽  
R Walther
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
First Time

In the present study we demonstrate for the first time the expression of glycodelin mRNA in the female and male genital tracts of rats using non-radioactive in situ hybridisation. Glycodelin fragment 1 (+41 to +141) shares 100% homology with the human gene sequence. In the ovary, glycodelin mRNA was restricted to granulosa cells. In the uterus, glycodelin mRNA was expressed in all epithelial cells of the endometrium. In the male reproductive tract, glycodelin mRNA was distributed in all epithelial cells of the epididymis, the prostate and the seminal vesicle. However, in the testis, glycodelin mRNA was predominantly found in spermatogonia and in spermatocytes of the seminiferous epithelium. The expression in several reproductive organs of rats offers an excellent tool to study further the physiological role of glycodelin, which is so far thought to act as an immunosuppressive factor.

scholarly journals Positional Relationships among Male Reproductive Organs in Insects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Hiroyoshi ◽  
Gadi V.P. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Vesicle ◽  
Vas Deferens ◽  
Ejaculatory Duct ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Accessory Gland ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Lepidopteran Insects ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Male Reproductive Organs ◽  
And Function

The location, morphology and function of male internal reproductive organs in insects have been extensively studied, but the relative positioning of those organs is less understood. Position and morphology of the testis, vas deferens, seminal vesicle, accessory gland and ejaculatory duct determine the migration or ejaculation of sperm and other substances. In species where the testis is connected with the seminal vesicle directly or the seminal vesicle is lacking, males usually store complete sperm in the testis and thus can use them immediately for mating. In contrast, the testis of lepidopteran insects is separated from the duplex (sperm storage organ) via the vas deferens, and the sperm are not mature, requiring morphological development in the vas deferens. Here, we discuss the significance of various positional relationships of male reproductive organs and how this relates to their morphology and function with a focus on sperm.

scholarly journals The Male Reproductive Structure and Spermatogenesis of Trypophloeus Klimeschi Eggers (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Gao ◽  
Guanqun Gao ◽  
Lulu Dai ◽  
Jiaxing Wang ◽  
Hui Chen
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Vesicle ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Vas Deferens ◽  
Ejaculatory Duct ◽  
Reproductive Organ ◽  
Accessory Gland ◽  
Male Reproductive Tract ◽  
Short Branch ◽  
Male Reproductive Organ ◽  
Dense Band

Abstract Background Trypophloeus Klimeschi Eggers (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) is one of the most destructive pests of Populus alba var. pyramidalis (Bunge), resulting in significant losses in economic, ecological and social benefits in China’s northwest shelter forest. But research of reproductive system, spermiogenesis and spermatozoon ultrastructure of T. klimeschi that is basis of phylogeny, reproductive biology and controlling is still black. Results The male reproductive organ of T. klimeschi is composed of testis, seminal vesicle, strand shaped accessory gland containing long branch of strand shaped accessory gland and short branch of strand shaped accessory gland, curly accessory gland, vas deferens and a common ejaculatory duct. The number of sperm per cyst is 350~512. Its spermatozoon is slender, measuring about 75 μm in length and 0.5 μm in wide and composed of a 3-layred acrosomal complex, a nucleus with two different states of aggregation, two mitochondrial derivatives with dark crystal, a 9+9+2 axoneme that run more or less parallel to mitochondrial derivatives, two crystalline accessory bodies with a big compact “puff”-like expansion. Especially in the seminal vesicle, its long flagella folded into several turns and the whole sperm is wrapped in a film.Conclusion The general morphology of male reproductive tract, the spermatogenesis and the spermatozoa of T. klimeschi are, for the most part, similar to the majority of the Curculionidae. However, some distinct differences were found: the low electron-dense band in the cytoplasm of spermatocytes; two different aggregation states of spermatozoon nucleus; especially the stored way of T. klimeschi spermatozoa.

scholarly journals Seminal Plasma Analysis of Oxidative Stress in Different Genitourinary Topographical Regions Involved in Reproductive Tract Disorders Associated with Genital Heat Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 6427
Author(s):  
Monika Fraczek ◽  
Lukasz Wojnar ◽  
Marzena Kamieniczna ◽  
Malgorzata Piasecka ◽  
Kamil Gill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Local Heat ◽  
Accessory Gland ◽  
Male Subfertility ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

The pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for male subfertility/infertility caused by or complicated by genital heat stress remains unclear in many respects. Because seminal plasma creates the environment for the proper functioning of spermatozoa, in this study, we verified the associations among standard spermiograms, seminal biochemical parameters (neutral alpha-glucosidase, fructose, and citric acid) and oxidative stress markers (total antioxidant capacity, catalase activity, superoxide dismutase activity, and malondialdehyde concentration) in distinct entities associated with male infertility with and without long-time exposure to local hyperthermia. We demonstrated that men exposed to prolonged environmental or clinically recognized local heat stress in adulthood may suffer from dysregulation of seminal antioxidant components, which can be directly associated with epididymal and prostate function. The comparative analysis of the studied parameters showed numerous correlations among all biochemical parameters (particularly neutral alpha-glucosidase) with low standard semen quality in almost all the investigated infertile groups. In light of the data obtained in this originally designed study, we conclude that more attention should be paid to the epididymis and accessory gland function in subfertile and infertile men exposed to genital heat stress, especially in the context of novel treatment algorithms (targeted therapies).

scholarly journals Changes in semen quality and morphology of the reproductive tract of the male tammar wallaby parallel seasonal breeding activity in the female

Reproduction ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
D B B P Paris ◽  
D A Taggart ◽  
G Shaw ◽  
P D Temple-Smith ◽  
M B Renfree
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Tammar Wallaby ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Accessory Sex Glands

Changes in semen quality and morphology of the male reproductive tract were studied throughout the year in the highly promiscuous tammar wallaby. Body size, semen quality and gross morphology of the reproductive organs were assessed in adult males each month from January to November. The mean weight of males was similar in most periods sampled, but males were slightly heavier in the minor (P < 0.05) than the non-breeding season. Since body weight was correlated with weights of the testes, epididymides and accessory sex glands, organ weights were adjusted for body weight in subsequent analyses. In the major breeding season (late January/early February), when most females go through a brief, highly synchronized oestrus, the testes, prostate, Cowper’s glands, crus penis and urethral bulb were heaviest, volume and coagulation of ejaculates were greatest, and sperm motility had increased. Semen samples collected by electroejaculation at this time contained low numbers of spermatozoa, possibly as a result of dilution and entrapment by the seminal coagulum or depletion of epididymal stores during intense multiple mating activity. In the non-breeding season (late May–July), when mating does not normally occur in the wild, there was a significant decrease in the relative weight of nearly all male reproductive organs and a decline in most semen parameters. In the minor breeding season (September–November), when pubertal females undergo their first oestrus and mating, the weights of testes, epididymides and most accessory sex glands had significantly increased similar to those of males in the major breeding season. The total number and motility of ejaculated spermatozoa were highest during this period, but the volume and coagulation of ejaculates and weight of the prostate had only increased to levels that were intermediate between the major and non-breeding seasons. Ejaculate volume was strongly correlated with prostate weight, and % motile spermatozoa was strongly correlated with epididymis weight. Semen quality thus varied seasonally with changes in androgen-dependent reproductive organs in the male tammar wallaby and appeared to be influenced by the seasonal timing of oestrus in females. Semen quality may also improve in response to an increase in the number of available oestrous females.

Correlation of lead and cadmium in human seminal plasma with seminal vesicle and prostatic markers

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Pant ◽  
A K Banerjee ◽  
S Pandey ◽  
N Mathur ◽  
D K Saxena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Seminal Vesicle ◽  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Human Seminal Plasma ◽  
Accessory Sex Glands ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase

The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between lead and cadmium with seminal vesicle and prostatic markers. Semen samples categorized into fertile and infertile were evaluated for the presence of lead and cadmium and biochemical markers in the seminal plasma. Associations between lead and fructose, acid phosphatase and g-glutamyl transpeptidase (g-GT) were observed. However, no such relationships were noticed for cadmium. It is concluded that lead may be one of the pollutants indirectly affecting semen quality by altering the functions of accessory sex glands.

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