A Thousand Consecutive Treated Orthodontic Cases—A Survey

1974 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Active Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Posterior Crossbite ◽  
Complete Treatment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lower Arch

An analysis of 1000 consecutive treated cases from a private orthodontic practice was made. Inter alia the results show: the male to female ratio was 4: 6; the mean age of first attendance was 10·7 years and the mean age at the start of active treatment was 11·6 years. 49 per cent of the cases were Angle Class I; 39 per cent Class II/1; 8 per cent Class II/2 and 4 per cent Class III. Over half the patients had an increased overbite. 21 per cent had an anterior crossbite and 11 per cent showed a posterior crossbite. Approximately 75 per cent of the cases showed crowding of the labial segments. There was crowding in 26 per cent of the upper buccal segments and in 49 per cent of the lower ones. 93 per cent of the patients received active treatment for the upper arch but only 4 per cent had appliances in the lower arch. A quarter of the cases were treated without upper extractions; in the lower arch the figure was 58 per cent. 94.1 per cent of the patients were treated with removable appliances requiring, on average, 1·5 appliances per case to complete treatment. 30 per cent of the cases received no retention. 54 per cent wore a retainer for less than 6 months. 88 per cent of the patients completed treatment and co-operation was satisfactory in 87 per cent. The mean treatment period for each patient was 13·1 months involving an average of 11·7 visits. The average active treatment time for each patients was 95 minutes. 74 per cent of the completed cases had a satisfactory result. The discussion supports the case for relating the type of orthodontic treatment to the total dental need of the patient. This requires more knowledge of what is meant by “dental health”. A plea is made that orthodontists should not become rigid in their approach to treatment.

scholarly journals Malocclusion with posterior unilateral crossbite affects superficial masseter and anterior temporal muscle activity during mastication

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Yona Pricilia Anggi Siregar ◽  
C. Christnawati ◽  
Darmawan Soetantyo
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Dental Hygiene ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Temporal Muscle ◽  
Posterior Crossbite ◽  
The Mean

Background: Mastication patterns due to malocclusion with unilateral posterior crossbite may permanently change. Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effect of malocclusion with unilateral posterior crossbite of the superficial masseter and anterior temporal muscles on the crossbite and non-crossbite sides during mastication. Methods: Thirty subjects (8 males and 22 females) between the ages of 17 and 30 years who were students of the 2017–2019 Dentistry and Dental Hygiene Study Program, Faculty of Dentistry, UGM and who had at least two posterior teeth with unilateral posterior crossbite were divided into 10 subjects with Angle’s class I, 10 subjects with class II and 10 subjects with class III malocclusions. The amplitude of the superficial masseter and temporal anterior muscles was performed during mastication using surface electromyography (sEMG). The mean difference between the groups of malocclusion on the crossbite and non-crossbite sides of the superficial masseter and temporal anterior was analysed by a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The results indicated a difference in amplitude mean between the malocclusion types on the crossbite sides and non-crossbite sides of the superficial masseter and temporal anterior muscles (p<0.05). This study confirmed there was a decrease in superficial masseter and anterior temporal muscle activity on the crossbite side rather than in the non-crossbite side in Angle’s class I and class II. However, there was an increase in activity of the superficial masseter and anterior temporal muscles on the crossbite side for class III. Conclusion: Malocclusion with unilateral posterior crossbite affects masticatory activity of the superficial masseter and temporal anterior muscles on the crossbite side.

scholarly journals Environmental Cadmium Exposure and Dental Indices in Orthodontic Patients

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Hui-Ling Chen ◽  
Jason Chen-Chieh Fang ◽  
Chia-Jung Chang ◽  
Ti-Feng Wu ◽  
I-Kuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Cadmium Exposure ◽  
Class I ◽  
P Value ◽  
Tooth Decay ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Urine Cadmium ◽  
The Mean

Background. Previous studies have shown that environmental cadmium exposure could disrupt salivary gland function and is associated with dental caries and reduced bone density. Therefore, this cross-sectional study attempted to determine whether tooth decay with tooth loss following cadmium exposure is associated with some dental or skeletal traits such as malocclusions, sagittal skeletal pattern, and tooth decay. Methods. Between August 2019 and June 2020, 60 orthodontic patients with no history of previous orthodontics, functional appliances, or surgical treatment were examined. The patients were stratified into two groups according to their urine cadmium concentrations: high (>1.06 µg/g creatinine, n = 28) or low (<1.06 µg/g creatinine, n = 32). Results. The patients were 25.07 ± 4.33 years old, and most were female (female/male: 51/9 or 85%). The skeletal relationship was mainly Class I (48.3%), followed by Class II (35.0%) and Class III (16.7%). Class I molar relationships were found in 46.7% of these patients, Class II molar relationships were found in 15%, and Class III molar relationships were found in 38.3%. The mean decayed, missing, and filled surface (DMFS) score was 8.05 ± 5.54, including 2.03 ± 3.11 for the decayed index, 0.58 ± 1.17 for the missing index, and 5.52 ± 3.92 for the filled index. The mean index of complexity outcome and need (ICON) score was 53.35 ± 9.01. The facial patterns of these patients were within the average low margin (26.65 ± 5.53 for Frankfort–mandibular plane angle (FMA)). There were no significant differences in the above-mentioned dental indices between patients with high urine cadmium concentrations and those with low urine cadmium concentrations. Patients were further stratified into low (<27, n = 34), average (27–34, n = 23), and high (>34, n = 3) FMA groups. There were no statistically significant differences in the urine cadmium concentration among the three groups. Nevertheless, a marginally significant p-value of 0.05 for urine cadmium concentration was noted between patients with low FMA and patients with high FMA. Conclusion. This analysis found no association between environmental cadmium exposure and dental indices in our orthodontic patients.

Abordagem precoce da má oclusão de Classe II esquelética com atresia maxilar e mordida aberta anterior e o uso de alinhadores ClearCorrect – relato de caso

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (53) ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
Roberto Hideo Shimizu ◽  
Isabela Almeida Shimizu ◽  
Ana Cláudia M. Melo Toyoffuku ◽  
Rebecca Marquesini ◽  
Tatiane Travizan Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Posterior Crossbite ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
High Predictability

Adequate planning and early treatment of Angle Class II malocclusion with maxillary atresia and anterior open bite provides harmonization of maxillomandibular bone bases in the three planes of space. Orthodontic aligners have emerged as an alternative treatment having the following advantages: being more aesthetic and more comfortable for the patient, less treatment time when they are correctly indicated, less chairside time, less complications, possibility of remote monitoring, easier feeding, and dental hygiene. On the other hand, they offer difficulties to treat adults with severe skeletal Class II malocclusions, posterior crossbite and anterior open bite. Therefore, the objective of this clinical case report is to early correct skeletal Class II malocclusion with maxillary atresia through the use of mechanical orthopedics and devices that help eliminate habits and close the anterior open bite, and later the use of orthodontic aligners to finish the treatment. It was concluded that the early interceptive treatment of malocclusion was efficient to harmonize the bone bases in the anteroposterior, vertical, and transversal directions, changing this malocclusion from high to low complexity and, consequently, highly predictable and with an excellent prognosis for treatment with orthodontic aligners. The treatment with ClearCorrect aligners corrected the occlusion in a shorter period of time when compared to corrective orthodontics and with a high predictability in relation to the virtual setup.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS ON THE PATTERN OF USING THE SERVICE OF REMOVABLE PARTIAL DENTURE MAKING IN A DENTAL LABORATORY IN SURABAYA

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 270
Author(s):  
Okti Setyowati ◽  
Endang Kusdarjanti
Keyword(s):  
Dental Health ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Removable Partial Denture ◽  
Partial Denture ◽  
Metal Framework ◽  
Removable Denture ◽  
Class Iv

The making of removable denture is performed by a dental laboratory. To facilitate the identification, according to Kennedy classification, classes are divided onto groups, the Kennedy class I, II, III and IV. To suit with the needs of the dental laboratory tasks commonly done, priority are necessary for common cases and should to be taught to students of Dental Health Technology Diploma. In Surabaya, research of various cases of removable partial denture with the various Kennedy classifications has never been done before. This study was to analyze the pattern of service for the removable partial denture manufacture in dental laboratory at Surabaya (2011 – 2013). The research is an observatory analytic. The population is all dental laboratories located around the campus of the Faculty of Dentistry Airlangga University Surabaya. The sample was the whole population is willing to become respondents. Sampling by total sampling. The method of collecting data using secondary data from a dental laboratory in Surabaya from 2011 until 2013. The note is cases removable denture according to the classification of Kennedy that Kennedy Class I, II, III and IV. Also of note kinds of materials used to make the denture base that is heat cured acrylic resins, thermoplastic resins and metals coherent. The data is a compilation table charting the frequency until needed, then analyzed using cross tabulation. Mostly denture type is flexible type and the least is metal framework. Most cases by classification Kennedy is followed by class II class III and class II and more recently is the fourth. In conclusion, in 2011 and 2013 the manufacture of removable partial dentures according to the classification of Kennedy Class III is the most common in both the upper arch and lower jaw, followed by Class II, Class I and Class IV. In 2012 which is the highest grade III followed by class II, class IV and class I. The denture type most used is a flexible denture, followed acrylic denture and the last is the metal framework.

scholarly journals Global distribution of malocclusion traits: A systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 40.e1-40.e10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maged Sultan Alhammadi ◽  
Esam Halboub ◽  
Mona Salah Fayed ◽  
Amr Labib ◽  
Chrestina El-Saaidi
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Permanent Dentition ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Class I ◽  
Pool Data ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Class Iii Malocclusion ◽  
Posterior Crossbite ◽  
Electronic Search

Abstract Objective: Considering that the available studies on prevalence of malocclusions are local or national-based, this study aimed to pool data to determine the distribution of malocclusion traits worldwide in mixed and permanent dentitions. Methods: An electronic search was conducted using PubMed, Embase and Google Scholar search engines, to retrieve data on malocclusion prevalence for both mixed and permanent dentitions, up to December 2016. Results: Out of 2,977 retrieved studies, 53 were included. In permanent dentition, the global distributions of Class I, Class II, and Class III malocclusion were 74.7% [31 - 97%], 19.56% [2 - 63%] and 5.93% [1 - 20%], respectively. In mixed dentition, the distributions of these malocclusions were 73% [40 - 96%], 23% [2 - 58%] and 4% [0.7 - 13%]. Regarding vertical malocclusions, the observed deep overbite and open bite were 21.98% and 4.93%, respectively. Posterior crossbite affected 9.39% of the sample. Africans showed the highest prevalence of Class I and open bite in permanent dentition (89% and 8%, respectively), and in mixed dentition (93% and 10%, respectively), while Caucasians showed the highest prevalence of Class II in permanent dentition (23%) and mixed dentition (26%). Class III malocclusion in mixed dentition was highly prevalent among Mongoloids. Conclusion: Worldwide, in mixed and permanent dentitions, Angle Class I malocclusion is more prevalent than Class II, specifically among Africans; the least prevalent was Class III, although higher among Mongoloids in mixed dentition. In vertical dimension, open bite was highest among Mongoloids in mixed dentition. Posterior crossbite was more prevalent in permanent dentition in Europe.

scholarly journals Two Different Applications of Class II Elastics with Nonextraction Segmental Techniques

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 694-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aslihan Uzel ◽  
Ilter Uzel ◽  
M. Serdar Toroglu
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Class Ii Elastics

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the relative effects of Class II elastics applied directly with utility arches (UAs) or with the Reciprocal Mini–Chin Cup (RMCC) appliance. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion were included. Fifteen of them were treated with the RMCC appliance and the other 15 treated with Class II elastics on UAs. Lateral cephalograms of an additional 15 untreated persons having the same characteristics as the treatment groups were used as a control group. Results: The mean control period was 10 months. Class I molar and canine relationships were achieved in a mean treatment time of 4.6 months with the RMCC appliance and in 8.5 months with the elastics on UAs. The amount of overjet reduction was 4.7 mm in the RMCC group (87.87% dental) and 5.2 mm in the UA group (80.76% dental). The molar correction was 4.5 mm in the RMCC group (87.36% dental) and 2.0 mm in the UA group (51.47% dental). The anterior lower facial height increased in both of the treatment groups. Conclusions: The RMCC appliance is a valuable alternative for Class II elastic use in Class II cases in which the upper molars need to be moved to the distal more than the upper incisors.

scholarly journals The duration of pubertal growth peak among three skeletal classes

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqar Jeelani ◽  
◽  
Mubassar Fida ◽  
Attiya Shaikh ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Class I ◽  
Maturation Stage ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Pubertal Growth ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Introduction: Pubertal growth peak is closely associated with a rapid increase in mandibular length and offers a wide range of therapeutic modifiability. Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine and compare the mean ages of onset and duration of pubertal growth peak among three skeletal classes. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using lateral cephalograms of 230 subjects with growth potential (110 males, 120 females). Subjects were categorized into three classes (Class I = 81, Class II = 82, Class III = 67), according to the sagittal relationship established between the maxilla and the mandible. The cervical vertebral maturation stage was recorded by means of Baccetti's method. The mean ages at CS3 and CS4 and the CS3-CS4 age interval were compared between boys and girls and among three skeletal classes. Results: Pubertal growth peak occurred on average four months earlier in girls than boys (p = 0.050). The average duration of pubertal growth peak was 11 months in Class I, seven months in Class II and 17 months in Class III subjects. Interclass differences were highly significant (Cohen's d > 0.08). However, no significant difference was found in the timing of pubertal growth peak onset among three skeletal classes (p = 0.126 in boys, p = 0.262 in girls). Conclusions: Girls enter pubertal growth peak on average four months earlier than boys. Moreover, the duration of pubertal growth peak is on average four months shorter in Class II and six months longer in Class III subjects as compared to Class I subjects.

scholarly journals Is there a relationship between mandibular cortical bone thickness and orthodontic treatment time?

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 794-800
Author(s):  
Melissa Landin-Ramos ◽  
Sumit Yadav ◽  
Vaibhav Gandhi ◽  
Madhur Upadhyay ◽  
Aditya Tadinada
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Angle Class Ii ◽  
Inferior Border ◽  
Extraction Treatment

ABSTRACT Objectives To determine whether there was a correlation between patients' bone thickness and time spent in orthodontic treatment. The secondary aim was to study the influence of Angle classification, extraction treatment, and age on overall treatment duration. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, records of 971 orthodontic patients from two centers were reviewed and 500 subjects were included after imposing inclusion/exclusion criteria. The Mental Index was used to determine patients' bone density. For the Mental Index, a line perpendicular to the inferior border of the mandible was drawn on a panoramic radiograph so that it intersected the inferior border of the mental foramen. The mandibular cortical thickness was measured along this line. Two-sample t-test or a chi-square test, followed by multiple linear regression, were used to identify the factors affecting treatment duration. Results Mandibular cortical thickness was negatively associated with treatment time for all subjects (P &lt; .05). After adjusting for covariables, it remained significant for center-1, but non-significant for center-2 subjects. Angle Class II and Class III malocclusion, extraction therapy, and age had significant positive correlations with treatment duration (P &lt; .05). Conclusions There is a negative correlation between the mandibular cortical thickness and orthodontic treatment duration. An extraction treatment plan and treatment of Angle Class II and Class III malocclusions significantly increase the duration of orthodontic treatment. Additionally, patients over 12 years of age have shorter treatment times compared to patients under 12 years of age.

scholarly journals Sex specificities of medical and social parameters in patients with coronary artery disease with different severity of depression

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 2425
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Nagibina ◽  
M. I. Kubareva ◽  
D. S. Knyazeva
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Severity Of Depression ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Artery Disease

Aim. To determine the sex specificities of medical and social parameters in patients hospitalized due to coronary artery disease (CAD), class II, III, IV angina, aged 35-60 years and assess the significance of their relationship with different levels of depression.Material and methods. The study involved 312 patients aged 35-60 with documented CAD, class II, III, IV angina. Two comparison groups were identified: group I — 138 patients (men, 81; women, 57) with CAD and without depression (mean age, 47,8±4,6 years); group II — 174 patients (men, 60; women, 105) with CAD and depression (mean age, 48,3±5,3 years). Medical and social data, the severity of depression and distress tolerance, psychological status and quality of life was assessed. Statistical analysis was carried out, which are presented as the mean and standard error of the mean (M±m). The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Differences were considered significant at p<0,05.Results. The prevalence of depression among patients with CAD was 55,77%, while women were 1,5 times more likely to suffer it than men. Depression was significantly associated with hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, and class III-IV angina, regardless of sex. Class III and IV angina prevailed in women, while class II angina — in men (OR, 2,16; 95% CI, 1,37-3,41, p<0,001)). Women were more prone to degree II-III disability (group II, 26,67%; group I 8,77%; p=0,008), compared with men (group II, 27,54%; group I, 11,11%; p=0,012). Sedentary lifestyle was also associated to a greater extent with the female sex than with the male (OR, 2,89, 95% CI, 1,46-5,70, p=0,003; OR, 2,31, 95% CI, 1,19-4,48; p=0,014, respectively). Both men and women showed a significant association of depression with atherosclerosis (p<0,001), however, sex differences did not reach significance. Indicators such as lack of job and higher education, as well as smoking and arrhythmias were characteristic of both sexes, but had a greater impact on the mental condition of men (p=0,002, p<0,001, p=0,0014 and p=0,01, respectively). For men, the relationship of depression with diabetes (8,7 vs 0%; p=0,008), obesity (42,03 vs 19,75%; p=0,004), subordinate status (82,61 vs 64,2%; p=0,016) and unmarried status (60,87 vs 40,74%; p=0,02).Conclusion. There are significant differences in factors contributing to depression in different sex groups. The association of depression with CAD has an adverse effect on the physical and psychological health of both males and females. At the same time, women are more prone to mental disorders than men. It is necessary to further study the sex characteristics of medical and social parameters in order to personalize treatment methods.

scholarly journals Evaluating Distance between Vibrating Line and Fovea Palatinae in Class I, Class II and Class III Soft Palate Types

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-86
Author(s):  
Bharat Kumar ◽  
Muhammad Abbas ◽  
Asma Naz ◽  
Naresh Kumar ◽  
Shahid Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Soft Palate ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Class I ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the mean distance between the vibrating line and fovea palatinae in Class I, Class II and Class III Soft Palate types. Methodology: This study was conducted at Dr. Ishrat-ul-Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences Karachi among 197patients. Duration of study was six months. All patients were examined for vibrating line clinically, assessed using phonation method. Subsequently, distance between vibrating line and fovea paltatinae was measured with uncalibrated compass in various contours of soft palate. Results: Out of 197 patient, the vibrating line was seen in130 (64%) anterior to fovea palatinae, whereas, 67 (34%) vibrating line was at the fovea palatinae. The mean distance of those anterior located vibrating line from fovea palatine was calculated as 2.13 (±0.82) mm in Class, 2.07 (±0.69) mm in Class II and 1.80 (±0.82) mm in Class III soft palate contours. Statistical analysis showed no significant between gender, while statistically significant difference among age group and mean distance of anterior located vibrating line from fovea palatinae were found. Conclusions: The mean distance of vibrating line which is predominately found anterior to the fovea palatinae was 2.07 (±0.77) mm.

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