Reduction of Vertebral Bone Density in Patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma Above 30 Years of Age Correlates with the Cumulative Dose of Steroids They Receive As Part of Treatment Protocol

Introduction: In the last decades, Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) has become a curable disease with a long-term disease-free survival achieved in about 80% of patients. The two main chemotherapy protocols presently used in HL treatment are: ABVD (adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine) and escalated BEACOPP (EB) (bleomycin, etoposide, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisone). Patients treated with ABVD also receive glucocorticoids to minimize regimen toxicity and as antiemetic prophylaxis. Similarly, prednisolone given for 14 days is an integral part of the EB regimen. However, glucocorticoids are known to interfere with bone formation and remodeling, which results in increased fracture risk. To reduce the rate of complications, such as aseptic necrosis of the femur head, according to the H2 Israeli protocol, patients treated with EB receive prednisone for seven days only. The current study was designed to evaluate the vertebral density (VD) changes associated with HL therapy. Methods: In this retrospective study, data on all newly-diagnosed HL patients treated at the Rambam Health Care Campus between 2008-2016 were retrieved from the institutional computerized database. Patients were grouped based on their treatment protocol and further sub-grouped according to the number of treatment cycles: I ‒ ABVDx2-4, II ‒ ABVDx6, III ‒ EBx2+ABVDx4, IV ‒ EBx4-6+ABVDx2. VD findings of PET/CT scans performed at baseline and post-treatment were compared at L3 vertebral level. The Hounsfield unit (HU) scale was used to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD). The dose of hydrocortisone equivalents (HE) per meter square of the body surface area was calculated for each patient. Results: All the identified newly-diagnosed HL patients (n=213) were included in the analysis. Their median age was 29 (18-59) years. Both baseline and post-treatment scan results were available for all patients. Mean VD at baseline was 198 HU (30.5-320) and post-treatment ‒ 165.5 HU (27.5-277.3). At baseline, 7 patients had osteopenia (<120 HU) and 1 patient had osteoporosis (<90 HU). The corresponding post-treatment numbers were 21 and 9 patients, respectively. Data on mean VD at baseline and post-therapy categorized according to the treatment received are presented in Table 1. The mean VD change from the baseline level was 14.7% in the ABVD group as a whole, 9.3% HU in the ABVDx2-4 subgroup and 17.3% in the ABVDx6 subgroup. The mean VD change from the pre- to post-therapy level was 20.5% for the whole EB group, 24.3% for the EBx2 + ABVDx4 subgroup and 15.4% for the EBx4-6 + ABVDx2 subgroup. The relative VD decreased post-treatment in all the subgroups. Using the ABVDx2-4 group as reference (HR=1), the HR for ABVDx6 group was 6.51 (95% CI 2.8-15.3; P=0.000), with HR=16.11 (95% CI 5.6-46.8; P=0.000) for EBx2 + ABVDx4 group and HR=2.78 (95% CI 0.9-8.2; P=0.065) for EBx4-6 + ABVDx2 group. There was a significant decrease in VD of 116 patients with HE >3.4gm/m2 compared to 24 patients with HE ≤2.1 gm/m2 (HR=6; 95% CI 2.1-17.2; P=0.001). The present study demonstrated a bone density loss of ≥16% in 48% of patients and of ≥26% in 20% of patients. Osteopenia and osteoporosis developed in 7% and 4% of treated patients. Individuals receiving EBx6 had a less significant bone loss compared to those receiving EBx2 +ABVDx4. This could be explained in part by the older age (19% were above 46 years) of the latter patients. A similar VD loss of ≥16% was observed in patients treated with ABVDx6 and those receiving EB containing regimen (one week of steroids only) (56.6 and 59%, respectively). A multivariate analysis for prediction of VD loss showed that age ≥30 (HR=2.19; 95% CI 1.13-4.24; P=0.02) and chemotherapy protocols other than ABVDx2-4 (ABVDx6: HR=6.65; 95% CI 2.80-15.78; P=0.000; BEACOPPx2-6: HR=7.87; 95% CI 3.14-19.71; P=0.000) were significant risk factors (Fig. 1). Conclusions: The current study demonstrates that VD reduction is a significant problem in HL patients above the age of 30 years, treated with 6 cycles of chemotherapy containing HE >3.4gm/m2. As it may lead to osteopenia, a restrictive approach to the use of glucocorticoids should be applied in this patient population. These findings suggest that bone density should be followed in this group of HL survivors. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Effect of oral capsule of Peganum harmala seeds on bone density in menopausal women prone to osteoporosis

Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences ◽

10.34172/jsums.2021.23 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 139-145

Author(s):

Zahra Keivani Hafshejani ◽

Zahra Lorigooini ◽

Fatemeh Deris ◽

Neda Akbari ◽

Farinaz Farahbod ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Density ◽

Intervention Group ◽

T Test ◽

The Body ◽

Peganum Harmala ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Menopausal Women ◽

Before And After ◽

The Mean ◽

Oral Capsule

Background and aims: Osteoporosis is one of the most common metabolic bone diseases with systemic involvement of the body skeleton. The Peganum harmala seed contains high amounts of carboline alkaloids, which have been shown to have positive effects on bone formation in animal studies. In the present study, the effect of an oral capsule of P. harmala seed on bone density was evaluated in menopausal women prone to osteoporosis. Methods: In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 100 women referring to the orthopedic clinic with a diagnosis of osteoporosis were included and divided into the intervention group treated with calcium D (500 mg) twice a day, Osteofos (70 mg) per week, and P. harmala (500 mg) twice‐a‐day, and the control group treated with calcium D and Osteofos. Before and three months after the intervention, patients were evaluated for osteoporosis using bone densitometry. Finally, independent t-test, paired t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. Results: The mean bone mineral density (BMD) of the femur before and after the intervention showed significant improvements in the intervention and control groups (P<0.001). The mean differences in BMD before and after the intervention were significant in both control and intervention groups with higher improvements in the intervention group (P<0.001). Although the mean BMD of the spine before the intervention was not significantly different between the two groups (P=0.167), it was better in the intervention group after the intervention (P=0.030). Conclusion: The findings of the present study confirmed the beneficial effects of P. harmala on osteoporosis while the lack of any changes in liver enzymes.

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BMD status of Postmenopausal Women in relation with BMI: A study with 93 cases

Bangladesh Journal of Nuclear Medicine ◽

10.3329/bjnm.v17i2.28200 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 138-141

Author(s):

Samira Sharmin ◽

Mabubul Haque ◽

Syedur Rahman Miah ◽

Md Mahbub Ur Rahman ◽

Jasmine Ara Haque ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lumbar Spine ◽

Femoral Neck ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Lumbar Vertebrae ◽

The Body ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

T Score ◽

Minimal Trauma ◽

The Mean

Objectives: Low bone mass is a common disorder in elderly population which predisposes to fracture with minimal trauma. This study was performed to find out the association between the Body Mass Index (BMI) and Bone Mineral Density (BMD) in postmenopausal women.Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out at Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences Comilla and Mitford, Dhaka over a period of 12 months from January 2013 to December 2013. A total 93 postmenopausal women were enrolled for this study. All postmenopausal women underwent a BMD scan of femoral neck and lumbar vertebrae using a Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA). Participants were categorized into three groups according to their age and BMI. BMD were expressed base on T-score according to WHO criteria. The relation among BMI, age and BMD were assessed.Results: The results of this study showed that the mean age of the study group was 57.13±7.49 years with range of 46 to 75 years. The most postmenopausal women were in age group 55-65years. The mean BMI of the study subjects were 24.18±5.08 kg/m2 with a range of 15.62 to 36.20 kg/m2. Among 93 subjects osteopenia was greater at lumbar spine (45.2%) with T-score mean±SD-1.83±0.33 and osteoporosis at femoral neck (51.6%) with T-score mean ±SD-3.36±-0.67. Pearsons correlation coefficient test showed inverse relationship between age and BMD both lumbar spine (r = -0.301, p = 0.003) and femoral neck (r = -0.303, p=0.003) whereas the positive relation between BMI and BMD both at lumbar spine (r=0.338, p=0.001) and femoral neck (r =0.343, p=0.001). These showed that with advancing age, BMD decreases and the risk of osteoporosis increases and with increasing BMI, BMD increases and risk of osteoporosis decreases.Conclusion: The findings of this study portrait that aging and low BMI are risk factors associated with bone loss. So preventive measure should be taken for high risk post menopausal women.Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 17(2): 138-141, July 2014

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An evaluation of proximal femur bone density in young, active patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty at one year postoperatively

Hip International ◽

10.1177/1120700018761152 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 51-57

Author(s):

Denis Nam ◽

Rondek Salih ◽

Robert L Barrack ◽

Ryan M Nunley

Keyword(s):

Bone Density ◽

Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Proximal Femur ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Stem Design ◽

Ucla Activity Score ◽

Total Hip ◽

The Mean ◽

Active Patients

Background: Prior investigations have shown a decrease in periprosthetic bone mineral density (BMD) of the calcar following total hip arthroplasty (THA). The purpose of this investigation was to study proximal femur BMD in a cohort of young, active patients following THA at 1 year postoperatively using a recently introduced stem design. Methods: This was a prospective, IRB-approved investigation of patients with an age <65 years, BMI <35 kg/m2, and presymptomatic UCLA score of >6 undergoing a primary THA for a diagnosis of osteoarthritis. All patients received a titanium, proximally coated, tapered cementless femoral stem (ACCOLADE II, Stryker Inc, Mahwah, NJ, USA). Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry scans were performed at 6 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively. Bone density was analyzed for 7 traditional Gruen zones with BMD ratios calculated for change in BMD compared with the baseline. Results: 31 patients (mean age of 52.6 + 6.5 years, BMI of 27.9 + 3.9 kg/m2, and UCLA activity score of 7.3 + 1.9) were included. The mean BMD ratio decreased at the 6 months and 1 year interval in zones 1 and 2. However, the mean BMD ratio was maintained in Gruen zones 3 thru 7 with zone 7 (medial calcar) demonstrating 100% maintenance of the baseline BMD at 1 year. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the maintenance of medial calcar bone density at 1 year postoperatively in young, active patients undergoing THA. Further longitudinal analysis of this stem design is necessary to elucidate the significance of this finding.

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One Possible Cause for the Frequent Occurrence and Nonunion of Type II Odontoid Fracture

10.21203/rs.3.rs-72289/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Weixin Dong ◽

Yong Hu ◽

Jian-bin Zhong ◽

Zhen-shan Yuan ◽

Bing-ke Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Density ◽

Odontoid Fracture ◽

The Body ◽

Frequent Occurrence ◽

Type Ii ◽

The Third ◽

Ct Value ◽

Underlying Causes ◽

The Mean ◽

Possible Cause

Abstract Background. To analyze the underlying causes of frequent occurrence and nonunion of type II odontoid fracture.Methods. CT scans along with 3D imaging software (Mimics software) were used to measure the bone density of the axis. The axis was divided into three parts, including the odontoid of the axis (the first part), the base of the odontoid (the second part) and the body of the axis (the third part). The CT value of the axis was measured and analyzed in different axial planes from top to bottom, followed by calculation and comparison of the mean CT value of the three parts of the axis.Results. The mean CT value of the odontoid (the first part), base of the odontoid (the second part) and body of the axis (the third part) was 651.35±188.32, 318.38±98.82 and 397.45±93.59, respectively. In addition, the interval variation of CT value of different axial planes was initially decreased and further increased with the change of axial planes from top to bottom.Conclusion. The mean CT value of the base of the odontoid was significantly lower than that of the odontoid or the body of the axis. Therefore, the base of the odontoid was the transition region of shape and bone density, which may be one possible cause for the frequent occurrence and nonunion in the type II odontoid fracture in axis fracture.

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Bone Mineral Density Changes In Patients with Paraproteinemia After Treatment with Bortezomib

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v116.21.4989.4989 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 116 (21) ◽

pp. 4989-4989

Author(s):

Tamara Berno ◽

Kenneth Boucher ◽

Fenghuang Zhan ◽

Guido J. Tricot ◽

Benjamin Mughal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Lumbar Spine ◽

Bone Density ◽

Femoral Neck ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Bone Disease ◽

Proteasome Inhibitor ◽

Mineral Density ◽

T Score ◽

The Mean

Abstract Abstract 4989 Background: Bone disease is present at diagnosis in almost all patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and can impact substantially on patient morbidity and quality of life. Decreased bone mineral density is also observed not only in MM but also in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). The pathogenesis of bone disease in MM is complex. The activity of proteasome inhibitor bortezomib has been linked to increased bone formation and osteoblastic activation. Evidence from the available clinical data indicates that bortezomib has a positive impact on bone health in MM and demonstrates a bone anabolic effect. Methods: We analyzed retrospectively 53 patients with MM and 16 with MGUS who have completed bone density at least at diagnosis. 21 patients have completed two bone density (3 MGUS and 18 MM). The bone density was obtained in all patients at baseline and in 16 patients repeated after bortezomib treatement with a median time of bortezomib exposure of 6 months. We analyzed T-score values at lumbar spine and at femoral neck. Results: With a median age of 66 years, 41 male and 28 female were analyzed. At baseline the mean lumbar spine T-score of all subjects and of 16 MM treated with bortezomib was -0.50 and -0.76 respectively. At baseline the mean femoral neck T-score for all subjects and for 16 MM treated with Bortezomib was -1.56 and -1.31 respectively. The baseline mean lumbar spine T-score for MGUS and MM was -0.71 and -0.43 respectively. The baseline mean femoral neck T-score of MGUS and MM was -1.61 and -1.54 respectively. In the group of 16 patients treated with Bortezomib we observed from baseline a change in lumbar bone mineral density T-score of 0.36 and at femoral neck bone density T-score of 0.25. Conclusion: These data show that patients treated with proteasome inhibitor showed moderate increment in bone mineral density at lumbar spine and at femoral neck. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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First-Line Radio-Immunotherapy of Newly Diagnosed, Advanced Follicular Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma with 131I-Rituximab: The INITIAL Study,

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v118.21.3719.3719 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 118 (21) ◽

pp. 3719-3719 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Andrew D McQuillan ◽

William BG Macdonald ◽

Michael F Leahy ◽

J Harvey Turner

Keyword(s):

Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽

Combination Chemotherapy ◽

Post Treatment ◽

Whole Body ◽

Chimeric Antibody ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

First Line ◽

Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽

One Year

Abstract Abstract 3719 Introduction: Radio-immunotherapy (RIT) with 131I-rituximab has demonstrated efficacy in relapsed and refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). 131I-tositumomab has been shown to be an effective first-line agent in follicular NHL with durable response. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of first-line 131I-rituximab RIT and the duration of response in previously untreated patients with follicular NHL, given that this radiolabeled chimeric antibody treatment can be repeated upon relapse. Methods: Fifty consecutive patients with newly diagnosed, symptomatic, advanced follicular NHL received a prescribed therapy activity of 131I-rituximab predicated upon a fixed, whole-body radiation dose of 0.75 Gy. All patients were treated as outpatients. All patients received a standard four-week course of rituximab at a dose of 375 mg/m2 in conjunction with the radionuclide therapy, and subsequent rituximab maintenance at 3-monthly intervals for one year. Response was determined by 18F-FDG PET/CT scans at baseline, and at 3 and 12 months post-treatment. Results: Overall response rate (ORR) at 3 months was 98%, with complete response (CR) seen in 38 patients (76%) and partial response (PR) in 11 patients (22%). Four patients (36%) assessed as having PR at 3 months converted to CR in the year following treatment, so that 84% of patients were in CR at one year. During median follow-up of 33 months (range 12–61 months) only one patient (2.6%) among those who had achieved CR has relapsed, while progressive disease has been seen in seven patients (64%) of those with PR at first post-treatment assessment. Only three of the seven patients with PD have so far required further treatment; one with local radiotherapy and two who have received combination chemotherapy. Median progression-free survival (PFS) has not yet been reached. Toxicity was limited to hematological Grade 4 neutropenia in 5 patients (10%) and thrombocytopenia in 5 patients (10%). One patient received a single platelet transfusion. There were no episodes of bleeding or infection. Three patients have died; one from transformed, aggressive NHL (the only non-responder) and the other two from non-hematological malignancies not apparent at study entry. Conclusion: First-line 131I-rituximab RIT of advanced follicular NHL is effective and safe. Early response rates are similar to those observed with combination chemotherapy and rituximab regimens. Durable CR is present in 82% of patients over a median follow-up of 33 months and median PFS has not yet been reached. Of those with documented PR at 3 months, approximately one-third subsequently converted to CR, while the remaining two-thirds developed PD. Disclosures: Off Label Use: radiolabelled rituximab.

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AB0497 IMPACT OF COXITIS ON THE BONE MINERAL DENSITY OF THE HIP IN ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1911 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 1276.1-1276

Author(s):

A. Feki ◽

I. Sellami ◽

R. Akrout ◽

S. Ben Jemaa ◽

Z. Gassara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽

Bone Density ◽

Bone Formation ◽

New Bone Formation ◽

Mineral Density ◽

X Ray ◽

T Score ◽

Femoral Site ◽

The Mean

Background:Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an inflammatory disease, with new bone formation and ossification of the ligamentous apparatus as the primary pathological changes. The osteoporosis is coexisting with new bone formation. It is well known a common complication of this chronic disease. Hip involvement is common in AS [1].Objectives:The objective of this work is to assess the impact of chronic inflammation of the hip (coxitis) on the bone density at this site.Methods:This is a cross-sectional study of patients who fulfil the modified New York criteria for AS. These patients had not medical history of osteoporosis or other condition that may affect bone metabolism. Hip involvement was appreciated by physical examination and pelvic x-ray. The functional hip gene was assessed by Lequesne Algofunctional Index (LFI). Bone mineral density at the femoral site was measured using Lunar Prodigy dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Osteoporosis is defined when T score is ≤ -2.5 DS (standards deviations). Osteopenia is defined when T score is ≤ -1 DS but more than -2.5 DS. A p value <0.05 was considered significant.Results:Forty-seven AS patients were collected, 12 women and 35 men with a mean age of 43.8 ± 13.4 years. Smoking was noted in 25% of cases. AS clinical form was axial in 33 cases (70.2%) and mixed (axial and peripheral) in 14 cases (29.8%). The mean duration of AS was 15 ± 10.9 years. Nineteen patients (40.4%) were on DMARD at the time of the study. Coxitis was present in 31 patients (66%). It was bilateral in 13 cases (42.5%). The mean of the LFI was 7.1 ± 6.5 with extremes of 0 to 18. Coxitis form was early in 18 cases (40.9%), synostosis in 15 cases (34.1%) and destructive in 11 cases (25%). Twenty-nine patients (61.7%) had normal femoral bone densitometry, 13 patients (27.7%) had osteopenia and 4 patients (8.5%) had osteoporosis. The mean T-score value at femoral neck site was -0.5 SD ± 1.303 [-3– -2]. Patients with coxitis had a significantly lower T score at the femoral site compared to those without coxitis (-0.77 ± 1.31 DS versus 0.07 ± 1.11 DS respectively with p = 0.036).Conclusion:Our study confirms the role of chronic inflammation in the genesis of bone loss in AS. Given the risks of developing secondary complications as a result of low bone density, early management of AS should be recommended in order to control the inflammatory process and prevent the onset of osteoporosis.References:[1]Toussirot E, Wendling D. Bone mass in ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2000:16–20.Disclosure of Interests:None declared.

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Hodgkin Lymphoma at the Paediatric Oncology Unit of Gabriel Touré Teaching Hospital, Bamako, Mali: 5-Year Experience

Advances in Hematology ◽

10.1155/2011/327237 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

B. Togo ◽

F. Traoré ◽

A. P. Togo ◽

C. B. Traoré ◽

K. Dumke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sex Ratio ◽

Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽

Treatment Protocol ◽

Paediatric Oncology ◽

Accurate Data ◽

Mixed Cellularity ◽

Lymphoma Treatment ◽

Ann Arbor ◽

The Mean ◽

Oncology Unit

Introduction. The aim of this retrospective, unicentric study over 5 years is to describe the epidemiologic, pathologic, clinic and therapeutic aspects of children treated for Hodgkin lymphoma in our paediatric oncology unit.Patients and Methods. From January 2005 to December 2009, all children under 18 years of age, with Hodgkin lymphoma were included in this study. The treatment protocol was the GFAOP (Groupe Franco—Africain d'Oncologie Pédiatrique) Hodgkin lymphoma treatment protocol.Results. During the study period, 217 cancer cases were diagnosed in our centre. Of these cases, 7 were Hodgkin Lymphoma (LH) (0.04%). The mean age was 11.7 years. The sex-ratio was 6/1. 4% (5/7) of patients were stage IIB and 28.6% (2/7) stage IIIB of Ann-Arbor classification. There were 3 cases (42.8%) of sclero-nodular subtype, 2 cases (28.6%) of lymphocyte-rich classical HL subtype, 1 case (14.3%) of mixed cellularity and 1 case (14.3%) of lymphocyte depleted subtype. With a median followup of 37 months, 5 patients (71.4%) are alive, and 2 patients (28.6%) died.Conclusion. Broader multicentric studies are needed for more accurate data on this malignancy.

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Site-specific and time-course changes of postmenopausal osteoporosis in rat mandible: comparative study with femur

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-50554-w ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Chena Lee ◽

Jeong-Hee Lee ◽

Sang-Sun Han ◽

Young Hyun Kim ◽

Yoon-Joo Choi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Density ◽

Time Course ◽

Distal Femur ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Mandibular Condyle ◽

The Body ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Site Specific ◽

Ovx Rats ◽

Course Changes

Abstract Although the effects of osteoporosis on the skeleton are well studied, site-specific and long-term studies on the mandible are still lacking. This study investigated the time-course changes of the bone microarchitecture in the mandibular condyle in comparison to the corresponding changes in the alveolar bone, body of the mandible, and femur. Thirty-six 11-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into ovariectomized (OVX) (24 rats) and sham (12 rats) groups. The right femur and mandible were obtained from 6 OVX rats and 3 sham rats at 8, 12, 26, and 36 weeks after surgery, respectively. The histomorphometric analysis was performed using micro–computed tomography and histologic assessments from the (1) distal femur; (2) the alveolar bone and (3) the body of the mandible; (4) the subchondral and (5) the central region of the condyle. The Brown-Forsythe test was used to verify the assumptions for statistical analysis, and the Mann-Whitney U test was then performed. The mandibular condyle showed increased trabecular bone in both the OVX and sham groups, while the bone density was reduced in the distal femur and the mandible interradicular septum and body. When comparing the OVX group to the sham group, only the central condyle showed a significant reduction in bone density at 36 weeks. Osteoporosis behaves in different manners in different parts of the skeleton, and clinicians should be aware that patients displaying osteoporotic changes in the mandible are expected to show severely advanced bone mineral density reduction in other bones, such as the femur.

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Osteoporosis in Women Referring to the Bone Densitometry Academic Center in Urmia, Iran

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v8n7p135 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 135 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Marzieh Saei Ghare Naz ◽

Giti Ozgoli ◽

Mir Amir Aghdashi ◽

Fatemeh Salmani

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Bone Fracture ◽

Significant Risk ◽

The Body ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Total Prevalence ◽

History Of ◽

Prevalence Of Osteoporosis

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is one of the fastest growing health problems around the world. Several factors can affect this silent disease. The current study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of osteoporosis in women in Urmia, a city in northwestern Iran.METHODS: This cross‑sectional study was performed on 360 non-pregnant women over the age of 15 who referred for bone density testing to the Urmia Imam Khomeini Academic Hospital. Data were collected by questionnaire, and bone mineral density of the femoral neck and lumbar spines L1- L4 was evaluated by dual X-ray absorptiometry.RESULTS: The total prevalence of osteoporosis in this study was 42.2%; prevalence of osteoporosis among women 45 years old or less was 14.3% and over the age of 45 years was 50.7%. The factors such as level of education, history of bone fracture, disease history (rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, high blood pressure), gravidity and parity values, duration of lactation (p<0.001), nutrition dimension of lifestyle (p=0.03), and green tea consumption (p=002) showed a statistically significant association with the bone mineral density. According to the regression model, age (OR=1.081), history of bone fracture (OR=2.75), and gravidity (OR=1.14) were identified as significant risk factors for osteoporosis, while the body mass index (OR=0.94) was identified as a protector against osteoporosis.CONCLUSION: The prevalence of osteoporosis in this study was high, and findings showed that the advancement of age, lifestyle, and reproductive factors (especially gravidity and duration of lactation) were determining factors for osteoporosis .Appropriate educational programs and interventions could help to increase the women’s peak bone mass therefore reducing their risk of developing osteoporosis.

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