Phase 2 Suzhou MM02 Study: Chidamide with VRD Versus VRD in Newly Diagnosed High Risk Transplant Eligible Multiple Myeloma Patients

Abstract Background Bortezomib with lenalidomide and dexamethasone (VRd) is a standard regimen for the induction treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) transplant eligible and ineligible patients. Deregulation of histone acetylation has been recognized to serve a critical role in the pathogenesis of MM, which histone deacetylase (HDACs) are overexpressed in plasma cells derived from patients with MM. Therefore, HDACs may promise targets for MM therapy, and panobinostat was approved by FDA for the treatment of relapsed/refractory MM in 2015. Chidamide, a novel oral benzamide type HDAC inhibitor independently developed and approved as anticancer drugs in China, selectively suppresses the activity of class I HDACs. Our studies have shown that chidamide can enhance cytotoxic effect of bortezomib or lenalidomide on MM cells in vitro, which suggested a synergistic combination of chidamide with bortezomib or lenalidomide at low dose. In ASH 2019 we reported Phase 1 Suzhou MM02 study in which chidamide at 4 dose levels (15mg/20mg/25mg/30mg d 0,3,7,10) were administered to 12 patients with VRd for 4-cycle induction therapy. No DLT in Chi-VRd group were observed. This phase 2 trial was designed to further assess the safety and efficacy of Chi-VRd versus VRd for induction treatment in patients with newly diagnosed high risk MM before autologous transplantation (NCT 04025450). Methods In this study, we enrolled patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and Soochow Hopes Hematology Hospital with newly diagnosed high-risk multiple myeloma who were aged 18 years or older and eligible for autologous stem-cell transplant (ASCT) according to International Myeloma Working Group diagnostic criteria. All the patients were randomly assigned to Chi-VRd and VRd group. Chi-VRd group patients received Chidamide 20mg orally on days -1,2,6 and 9 in combination with VRd (bortezomib 1.3mg/m2 subcutaneously on days 1,4,8,11; lenalidomide 25mg orally on days 1-14; dexamethasone 20mg iv or orally on days 1,2,4,5,8,9,11,12) for 4 cycles. VRd group patients received VRd (bortezomib 1.3mg/m2 subcutaneously on days 1,4,8,11; lenalidomide 25mg orally on days 1-14; dexamethasone 20mg iv or orally on days 1,2,4,5,8,9,11,12) for 4 cycles. All the patients proceed with ASCT after four cycles or continue VRd therapy for up to eight cycles, followed by maintenance therapy for up to 2 years. Primary efficacy endpoints were overall response rate (ORR), rate of very good partial response (VGPR) or better and rate of complete response (CR) for Chi-VRd and VRd. Safety data described rates of adverse events. Results Between Mar 16, 2020, and Jul 22, 2021, 40 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to either the VRd regimen (n=20) or the Chi-VRd regimen (n=20). In the Chi-VRd group, 1 patient was discharged due to severe tumor lysis syndrome, and another 1 patient was discharged from sick sinus syndrome (considering lenalidomide related). By the deadline for submission, 18 patients in the VRd group and 11 patients in the Chi-VRd group had completed induction chemotherapy. The total adverse events were listed in the table below. The main treatment-related adverse events were hematological toxicity, hepatotoxicity, constipation, and peripheral neuropathy. ORR was 90.9% (10/11) for Chi-VRd and was 100% for VRd. Response of VGPR or better was 81.8% (9/11) for Chi-VRd and was 83.3% (15/18) for VRd. And rate of CR was 63.6%(7/11) for Chi-VRd and was 44.4%(8/18) for VRd. Conclusion The Chi-VRd group had more adverse events of thrombocytopenia, peripheral neuropathy and pulmonary. No treatment-related death was observed in two groups. Patients received Chi-VRd get more CR rate. Updated PFS and OS with comparison between VRd and Chi-VRd will be presented at the following study. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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A Phase II Study of PS-341 for Patients with High Risk, Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: A Trial of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (E2A02).

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v106.11.2546.2546 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 106 (11) ◽

pp. 2546-2546 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Angela Dispenzieri ◽

Emily Blood ◽

David Vesole ◽

Rafael Fonseca ◽

Natalie Callander ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Peripheral Neuropathy ◽

High Risk ◽

Partial Response ◽

Progressive Disease ◽

Response Rate ◽

Cell Labeling ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Grade 3

Abstract Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable disease with a anticipated overall survival (OS) ranging from months to decades. Modest improvements in OS have been made with high-dose chemotherapy with peripheral blood stem cell transplant (PBSCT), but to date prognostic factors have a greater impact on OS than do individual therapies. Patients with adverse risk factors such as elevated beta-2 microglobulin (B2M), plasma cell labeling index, deletions of the long arm of chromosome 13 by metaphase cytogenetics (del 13q) require innovative new treatment strategies. Bortezomib has significant activity in patients with both newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory MM, but its specific role in patients with adverse features has not yet been defined. Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed “high-risk” myeloma (B2M ≥ 5.5., PCLI ≥ 1, or del 13q) and adequate organ and functional status were eligible. Patients were treated with bortezomib 1.3 mg/m2 day 1, 4, 8, and 11 every 21 days for 8 cycles as induction. After induction, patients were scheduled to receive bortezomib 1.3 mg/m2 every other week indefinitely. Elective peripheral stem cell mobilization (growth factor alone) was allowed after 4 cycles of bortezomib. Patients relapsing on maintenance schedule were to have the full induction schedule resumed. Responses were by the EBMT criteria but a very good partial response category was included. The primary end-point was the response rate in these high-risk patients (90% power to detect a response rate of 50% or higher). The study decision rule requires that 16 or more responses, among 39 eligible patients, are seen in order to declare this treatment effective. Results: Between March 15, 2004 and March 10, 2005, 44 patients enrolled on study. Among the 43 eligible patients, median age was 63; 51% were male. All patients had high risk disease: del 13q (6/41); plasma cell labeling index ≥1% (16/34); and B2M≥5.5 (34/43). Preliminary response data are available for 18 of the 44 cases enrolled, of which 7 had partial response, 1 had minimal response, 1 had no response, 2 had progressive disease, and 5 were unevaluable. Among those patients completing induction therapy and with response information, the median number of cycles of therapy administered is 5, range (0,8). The most common non-hematologic adverse events (AEs) of grade 3 or higher included hyponatremia (9 patients) and diarrhea (6 patients). Mild sensory peripheral neuropathy was common: grade 1, 16 patients; grade 2, 2 patients. Only 1 patient had grade 3 peripheral neuropathy. One patient died after receiving 2 doses bortezomib due to heart block and asystole. Two patients had a grade 4, 25 patients had grade 3, and 13 had grade 1 or 2 as the worst grade non-hematologic adverse event. Based on data received by August 1, 2005, 18 patients have gone off study: AEs (2); death (1); progressive disease (9); and other reasons (6). Updated results on the full study population along with FISH data for IgH translocations and deletions of 13q and 17p will be presented at the meeting. Conclusions: Preliminary results suggest that upfront bortezomib has activity in patients with high-risk MM, but further follow-up is required.

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Phase 2 Trial of Concurrent Monosialotetrahexosylganglioside in the Prophylactic Treatment of Bortezomib-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Patients of Multiple Myeloma

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v126.23.5399.5399 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 126 (23) ◽

pp. 5399-5399

Author(s):

Liang Wang ◽

Zhongjun Xia ◽

Xiaoqin Chen

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Peripheral Neuropathy ◽

Partial Response ◽

Subcutaneous Injection ◽

Complete Response ◽

Phase 2 ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Phase 2 Trial

Abstract Backgrounds Bortezomib is an important drug in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), and peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a significant dose-limiting toxicity of bortezomib. No effective prophylaxis has been defined for PN. Monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM), a nerve-protecting drug, is often used to promote growth of nerve and function restoration of damaged nerve. The role of GM in the prophylaxis of bortezomib-induced PN in MM patients has never been investigated. Methods A phase 2 clinical trial was conducted in newly diagnosed MM patients to evaluate the value of GM in the prophylaxis of bortezomib-induced PN. All eligible patients were treated with VD (bortezomib 1.3mg/㎡,subcutaneous injection, d1 ,8,15,22, and dexamethasone 40mg, po,d1 ,8,15,22, 4 weeks a cycle) or CyBorD (cyclophosphamide 300mg/㎡,po,d1 ,8,15, bortezomib 1.3mg/㎡,subcutaneous injection, d1 ,8,1 5,22, and dexamethasone 40mg, po,d1 ,8,15,22, 4 weeks a cycle) for at least 4 cycles. GM was used at a dosage of 100mg/day intravenously at d1 -2, 8-9, 15-16, 22-23. No other nerve-protective drugs or thalidomide-containing regimens were allowed. The primary endpoint was overall incidence rate of PN (the grade of PN was recorded according to CTCAE v3.0). The secondary endpoints included duration of PN, complete response rate after 4 cycles of treatment, 1-year PFS and OS rate. (This trial was registered in ClinicalTrial.gov, NCT02093910). Results From February 2014 to February 2015, 25 patients of newly diagnosed MM were enrolled. The median age was 55 years old (37-75), and male to female ratio was 19:6. 5 patients had ISS stage I disease, 6 patients with stage II, and the remaining 14 patients with stage III. All patients received a median of 4 cycles (range 2-9) of Bortezomibcontaining regimens. At the time of data analysis, 84% of patients had at least partial response, 48% had at least very good partial response, and 24% had complete response. 7 patients experienced PN after a median of 2 cycles (range 1-4) of treatment, resulting in the overall PN rate of 28%. Among these 7 patients, only 1 patient (4%) had grade 2 PN, leading to dose reduction of bortezomib, and all other patients had grade 1 PN. During treatment, 1 patient (4%) had grade 2 diarrhea, and another 1 patient (4%) had herpes zoster infection. The concurrent use of GM did not introduce new side effects and seemed not compromise the efficacy of bortezomib. At a median follow up time of 8 months, 1-year PFS rate and OS rate were speculated to be 69.8% and 100%, respectively. Conclusions The early-term analysis of this phase 2 trial found it feasible to concurrently use GM and bortezomib-containing regimens, and GM had the potential role of reducing bortezomib-induced PN rate and severity without compromising efficacy. This needs to be validated in future phase 3 randomized clinical trials. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Impact of lenalidomide-bortezomib-dexamethasone (RVd) induction on patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma and renal impairment: Results from the Connect MM Registry.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.8518 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. 8518-8518

Author(s):

Sikander Ailawadhi ◽

Hans Chulhee Lee ◽

Jim Omel ◽

Kathleen Toomey ◽

James W. Hardin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Renal Function ◽

Renal Impairment ◽

Progression Free Survival ◽

Induction Treatment ◽

Cell Transplant ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Front Line ◽

Real World Data ◽

The Impact

8518 Background: Patients (pts) with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) and renal impairment (RI) are often excluded from clinical trials. Data are limited on the effects of induction treatment in these pts, who may also be ineligible for autologous stem cell transplant (SCT) due to severity of RI. This analysis investigated the impact of RVd induction on renal function in transplant eligible (TE) and noneligible (TNE) pts from the Connect MM Registry, a US, multicenter, prospective, observational study. Methods: Eligible pts were ≥ 18 y and had symptomatic MM diagnosed ≤ 2 mos prior to enrollment, as defined by the International Myeloma Working Group criteria. For this analysis, pts that received front-line RVd for ≥ 3 cycles were grouped per transplant eligibility and renal function at baseline (BL; creatinine clearance [CrCl] < 30, 30-50, > 50-80, and > 80). Pts with progressive disease at BL were excluded. Renal function at 3 mos was measured. Median unadjusted progression-free survival (PFS) was calculated from start of regimen in TE and TNE populations, with pts grouped by CrCl (≤ 60 or > 60) at BL. Results: As of 7/23/19, 421 TE and 212 TNE pts received RVd for ≥ 3 cycles. TE and TNE pts were grouped by BL CrCl of < 30 (20 and 16 pts), 30-50 (36 and 50 pts), > 50-80 (117 and 63 pts), and > 80 (248 and 83 pts). Renal function improvement was observed in all pts receiving RVd, including those with moderate (30-50 CrCl) and severe (< 30 CrCl) RI at BL (Table). In pts with > 60 CrCl and ≤ 60 CrCl at BL, median PFS in TE pts was 48.6 mos and 43.2 mos, respectively. In TNE pts, median PFS was 36.4 mos and 30.6 mos, respectively. Conclusions: The results from the Connect MM Registry indicate that pts with NDMM and RI (including moderate and severe) who receive front-line RVd for ≥ 3 cycles may see improvement in renal function at 3 mos, regardless of transplant eligibility. RVd therefore can potentially be used in pts with RI. This analysis provides real-world data that support further investigation of RVd treatment in pts with moderate or severe RI. Clinical trial information: NCT01081028 . [Table: see text]

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Interim analysis of a phase 2 minimal residual disease (MRD)-adaptive trial of elotuzumab, carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (Elo-KRd) for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM).

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.8011 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. 8011-8011

Author(s):

Benjamin Avi Derman ◽

Jeffrey A. Zonder ◽

Ankit J. Kansagra ◽

David L. Grinblatt ◽

Sunil Narula ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

High Risk ◽

Primary Endpoint ◽

Adaptive Design ◽

Cell Transplant ◽

Phase 2 ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Study Results ◽

The Impact

8011 Background: The addition of a monoclonal antibody to triplet induction regimens in patients (pts) with MM with intent for autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) has resulted in higher overall and deep response rates. In this study we are investigating the impact of the addition of Elo to KRd on complete response (CR) and/or MRD-negative rates in newly diagnosed MM regardless of transplant eligibility. Methods: Pts were enrolled from four MM Research Consortium sites into this phase 2 study. All patients receive 12 cycles of Elo-KRd in 28-day cycles: Elo per standard dosing, K 20/56/70 mg/m2 days 1, 8 and 15, R 25 mg days 1-21, and dexamethasone 40 mg days 1, 8, 15, 22. ASCT eligible candidates can undergo stem cell collection after cycle 4 and then resume treatment; pts who elect to proceed to ASCT are censored for response at that time. Pts MRD(-) (<10-5) by NGS after cycles 8 (C8) and 12 (C12) proceed to Elo-Rd until progression. Patients who convert from MRD(+) to MRD(-) between C8 and C12 receive an additional 6 cycles of Elo-KRd (total 18 cycles) followed by Elo-Rd, and pts MRD(+) after C12 receive an additional 12 cycles of Elo-KRd (total 24) followed by Elo-Rd. The primary endpoint of the study is sCR and/or MRD(-) rate after C8 E-KRd. MRD status was determined by ClonoSEQ next generation sequencing (NGS, <10-5) [Adaptive Biotechnologies]. An improvement in the sCR and/or MRD(-) rate by NGS from a historical 30% to 50% at the end of C8 will be considered promising. Results: 44 pts are enrolled, 39 of whom are evaluable for response (cutoff Jan 10 2021). Median age is 62 years (range 43-81, 23% age >70) and 23 (52%) have high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities (HRCA) including 13 (30%) with >2 high-risk abnormalities (6 pts unknown cytogenetics). 34/39 (87%) have MRD trackable by clonoSEQ. The rate of sCR and/or MRD(-) by NGS at the end of C8 is 19/33 (58%), meeting the statistical threshold for establishing efficacy (2 pts censored for elective ASCT before C8 and 4 pts receiving therapy but have not reached C8). With a median follow-up of 24 months, estimated 2-year progression free survival is 87% (100% for standard risk, 79% for HRCA) and estimated 2-year overall survival is 89% (82% for HRCA). No pt who was MRD(-) by NGS after C8 has progressed, including 6 pts with HRCA. Serious adverse events occurred in 30 pts (68%). 89% experienced treatment emergent AEs, the most common (>10%) of which was pneumonia (14%). One pt had grade 5 myocardial infarction. Conclusions: Elo-KRd demonstrates tolerability consistent with known toxicities of these agents and met the primary endpoint of sCR and/or MRD(-) of >50% after 8 cycles. With longer follow-up, the study results may validate that an MRD-adaptive design for de-escalation of therapy in MM can generate deep responses while reducing treatment exposure. Clinical trial information: NCT02969837.

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Combination therapy based on bortezomib for 102 patients with newly-diagnosed multiple myeloma: a Chinese experience

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v118.21.5116.5116 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 118 (21) ◽

pp. 5116-5116

Author(s):

Jingsong He ◽

Li Yang ◽

Xiaoyan Han ◽

Gaofeng Zheng ◽

Xiaojian Meng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Overall Survival ◽

Peripheral Neuropathy ◽

Combination Therapy ◽

Adverse Events ◽

Chinese Population ◽

Median Overall Survival ◽

Chinese Patients ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Abstract 5116 Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant neoplasm of plasma. The rates of complete remission (CR) or very good partial remission (VGPR) for patients received conventional chemotherapy are still low with median overall survival about 3 years. Here we report our results with combination therapy based on bortezomib in the Chinese population and investigat the efficacy and safety of Bortezomib-based therapies in previously untreated MM patients. Metohds: Between 1st Feb. 2006 and 31st Dec. 2010, 102 consecutive newly-diagnosed patients with symptomatic MM were treated with combination therapies based on bortezomib. Sixty-four patients were male and 38 were female. Median age was 59 years (range 31–86 years). Forty-two patients were stage 3 according to the International Staging System, 36 patients were stage 2 and 24 patients were stage 1. The combinations included dexamethasone (BD group ), dexamethasone plus subsequent thalidomide (BDT group ) and dexamethasone plus cyclophosphamide (BDC group ) or epirubicin (BDA group ) based on bortezomib. Thirty-five patients were in BDT group, 19 in BD group, 32 in BDC group and 16 in BDA. All patients received a median of three cycles of therapy (range 1–5 ). The IMWG criteria was used for response evaluation and toxicities were evluated according to the NCI Common Toxicity Criteria version 3. Results: The efficacy of the triplet combination therapy based on bortezomib including BDT, BCD and BAD were better than BD group, with response rate greater than or equal to partial remission(≥PR) 85.7%, 90.6%, 93.7% and 68.4%, respectively. The efficacy of BDA and BDC group were significantly superior to BD group (P=0.048,0.050). Bortezomib in combination with chemotherapy was highly effective as treatment for symptomatic multiple myeloma, even only after one cycle. The efficacy for patients received one cycle of BDT, BD, BCD and BAD was 65.7%, 42.1%, 65.6% and 62.5%, respectively. Patients treated with BD had suboptimal responses to those received BDT, BCD and BAD treatment and one cycle of BCD was superior to one cycle of BD (P=0.019).The median follow-up time was 17m (1–60m), including 31m (1–60m) for 35 patients in BDT group and 16m (2–29m) for the remaining 67 patients. The median progression-free survival (PFS ) of BDT group was 15m (9.8–20.2m ) while BD group was 12m (8.1–15.8m), BCD group was 13m (5.9–20.1m ), and BAD group was 12m (7.8–16.2m ), without significant difference. The median overall survival (OS ) of BDT group was 35m (13.2–56.8m ) while BD, BCD and BAD groups was not reached yet. There was no significant difference in OS among groups, but BCD and BAD were superior to BD group (P=0.104, 0.142 ). The frequent treatment-emergent adverse events includes hematologic adverse events such as neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia and the non-hematologic adverse events like fatigue, infection, constipation, diarrhea, pleural effusion and ascites, herpes zoster and peripheral neuropathy. Patients treated with BDT were more likely to show peripheral neuropathy than those treated with BD, BCD and BAD (91.4% vs 73.6%, 68.7%, 74.9% ), but there is no statistical significant difference (P = 0.131), Grade 2 or 3 peripheral neuropathy was occurred in 45.7% of BDT group significantly higher than BD, BCD and BAD groups. (21.0%, 15.7% and 18.7%, P = 0.028 ). Other related adverse events in all the groups had no significant difference. Routine anticoagulation or anti-thrombsis were not used. Only 1 patient suffered from DVT/PE but did well with treatment. Conclusions: Our preliminary experience in Chinese patients indicated that combination chemotherapy based on bortezomib is highly effective in newly-diagnosed multiple myeloma and BDC, BDA or BDT regimens may be more superior to BD in Chinese population. There were relative lower rates of DVT/PE in the Chinese patients with MM received combination chemotherapy based on bortezomib. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Phase 2 Study of Carfilzomib, Thalidomide, and Low-Dose Dexamethasone As Induction/Consolidation in Newly Diagnosed, Transplant Eligible Patients with Multiple Myeloma, the Carthadex Trial

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v128.22.1141.1141 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 128 (22) ◽

pp. 1141-1141 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ruth Wester ◽

Bronno van der Holt ◽

Emelie Asselbergs ◽

Mark van Duin ◽

Sonja Zweegman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Stem Cell ◽

High Risk ◽

Induction Therapy ◽

Research Funding ◽

Fixed Dose ◽

Phase 2 ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Standard Risk

Abstract Introduction A phase 2 dose escalation trial of Carfilzomib in combination with Thalidomide and Dexamethasone (KTd) for induction and consolidation in newly diagnosed, transplant-eligible patients with multiple myeloma (MM). We report the results of 4 dose levels. Methods In this multicenter, open-label, phase 2 trial, transplant-eligible patients aged between 18 and 65 years with previously untreated symptomatic MM were included. Patients were treated with 4 cycles of escalating dose of Carfilzomib + fixed-dose thalidomide and dexamethasone (KTd) for induction therapy. The dose of Carfilzomib was 20 mg/m2 i.v. on days 1, 2 followed by 27 mg/m2 on days 8, 9, 15, 16 of cycle 1 and on days 1, 2, 8, 9, 15 and 16 of cycles 2 to 4. Thalidomide dose was 200 mg orally on days 1 through 28 and Dexamethasone 40 mg orally on days 1, 8, 15 and 22. Carfilzomib was escalated to 20/36 mg/m2 in cohort 2, to 20/45 mg/m2 in cohort 3 and to 20/56 mg/m2 in cohort 4. Induction was followed by stem cell harvest after Cyclophosphamide priming (2 to 4 mg/m2) and G-CSF. Hereafter patients received high-dose Melphalan (HDM, 200mg/m2) and autologous stem cell transplantation followed by consolidation treatment with 4 cycles of KTd in the same schedule except a lower dose of Thalidomide (50mg). The primary endpoint was response after induction therapy and overall, specifically complete response (CR) and very good partial response (VGPR). Secondary endpoints were safety, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results All 111 patients with a median follow-up of 55, 42, 35 and 28 months, in cohorts 1 to 4, respectively were included in the analysis. Median age was 58 years. ISS stages I/II/III were 41%/34%/23%, respectively, R-ISS stages I/II/III/unknown were 23%/59%/9%/9%, respectively. Of 111 patients, 9 patients stopped treatment during/after induction, 8 patients after cyclophosphamide priming or HDM and 9 patients during consolidation because of toxicity (n=9), non-eligibility for further treatment (n=6), progression (n=5), refusal (n=2) or other reasons (n=4). Overall response rate for all cohorts was 95%. Response after induction was CR/sCR in 18% of patients, ≥ VGPR in 66% of patients, ≥ PR in 94% of patients. After HDM the CR/sCR rate increased to 31% and after consolidation to 64%. Responses between cohorts were in general comparable. See Table 1. Response based on risk status by ISS/FISH in either cohort and accumulated did not show a difference in CR/sCR rate after consolidation between standard-risk (67%) and high risk defined as t(4;14) and/or del17p and/or add1q and/or ISS3 (60%). OS at 30 months was comparable between standard risk and high risk, 91% versus 90%. PFS at 30 months for standard risk and high risk was 79% and 62%, logrank p=0.02 (HR=2.3, 95% CI=1.1-4.5). PFS at 30 months per cohort was 70% (95% CI, 55% to 81%), 70% (95% CI, 45% to 85%), 80% (95% CI, 56% to 92%) and 62% (95% CI, 32% to 82%) in cohorts 1,2, 3 and 4, respectively, and 71% (95% CI, 61% to 79%) in all patients. OS at 30 months per cohort was 90% (95% CI, 77% to 96%), 90% (95% CI, 66% to 97%), 95% (95% CI, 71% to 99%) and 88% (95% CI, 58% to 97%) respectively, and 91% (95% CI, 83% to 95%) in all patients. Gene expression profiling using the Affymetrix U133 Plus 2.0 GeneChips was performed on purified tumor cells for 49 patients. Using the prognostic classifier EMC92 a high-risk group of patients (16%) was identified versus standard risk (in terms of OS: logrank p=0.06 (HR=3.7, 95% CI=0.8-16.8), and in terms of PFS: logrank p=0.14 (HR=2.1, 95% CI=0.8-6.0)). Safety analysis for all 111 patients showed non-hematological grade 3 and 4 toxicity, mainly respiratory disorders (in 15%), GI disorders (13%) and skin lesions (10%). Toxicity between cohorts did not show a significant difference. Cardiac adverse events were limited and included heart failure (n=2 at 27 mg/m2), hypertension (n=2) and chest pain (n=1 at 45mg/m2). Conclusion Carfilzomib, thalidomide, dexamethasone (KTd) is an effective regimen, with increasing CR percentages following KTd consolidation. With escalated doses of Carfilzomib responses and toxicity were comparable to standard dose of 27 mg/m2. Disclosures Zweegman: Takeda: Honoraria, Research Funding; Janssen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding. Kersten:Celgene: Research Funding; Amgen: Honoraria. Minnema:Celgene: Consultancy; BMS: Consultancy; Amgen: Consultancy; Jansen Cilag: Consultancy. Palumbo:Janssen Cilag: Honoraria; Takeda: Employment, Honoraria. Lokhorst:Genmab: Research Funding; Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Broijl:Celgene: Honoraria; Amgen: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria. Sonneveld:Karyopharm: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding; Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding.

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Effect of prior treatments on selinexor, bortezomib, and dexamethasone in previously treated multiple myeloma

Journal of Hematology & Oncology ◽

10.1186/s13045-021-01071-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Maria V. Mateos ◽

Maria Gavriatopoulou ◽

Thierry Facon ◽

Holger W. Auner ◽

Xavier Leleu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Peripheral Neuropathy ◽

Adverse Events ◽

Randomized Study ◽

Progression Free Survival ◽

Autologous Stem Cell Transplant ◽

Cell Transplant ◽

Prior Therapy ◽

Boston Study ◽

Previously Treated

AbstractTherapeutic regimens for previously treated multiple myeloma (MM) may not provide prolonged disease control and are often complicated by significant adverse events, including peripheral neuropathy. In patients with previously treated MM in the Phase 3 BOSTON study, once weekly selinexor, once weekly bortezomib, and 40 mg dexamethasone (XVd) demonstrated a significantly longer median progression-free survival (PFS), higher response rates, deeper responses, a trend to improved survival, and reduced incidence and severity of bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy when compared with standard twice weekly bortezomib and 80 mg dexamethasone (Vd). The pre-specified analyses described here evaluated the influence of the number of prior lines of therapy, prior treatment with lenalidomide, prior proteasome inhibitor (PI) therapy, prior immunomodulatory drug therapy, and prior autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) on the efficacy and safety of XVd compared with Vd. In this 1:1 randomized study, enrolled patients were assigned to receive once weekly oral selinexor (100 mg) with once weekly subcutaneous bortezomib (1.3 mg/m2) and 40 mg per week dexamethasone (XVd) versus standard twice weekly bortezomib and 80 mg per week dexamethasone (Vd). XVd significantly improved PFS, overall response rate, time-to-next-treatment, and showed reduced all grade and grade ≥ 2 peripheral neuropathy compared with Vd regardless of prior treatments, but the benefits of XVd over Vd were more pronounced in patients treated earlier in their disease course who had either received only one prior therapy, had never been treated with a PI, or had prior ASCT. Treatment with XVd improved outcomes as compared to Vd regardless of prior therapies as well as manageable and generally reversible adverse events. XVd was associated with clinical benefit and reduced peripheral neuropathy compared to standard Vd in previously treated MM. These results suggest that the once weekly XVd regimen may be optimally administered to patients earlier in their course of disease, as their first bortezomib-containing regimen, and in those relapsing after ASCT.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03110562). Registered 12 April 2017. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03110562.

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Retrospective Analysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Modified Bortezomib-Lenalidomide-Dexamethasonelite (modified RVD-lite) Therapy for Transplant Eligible Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2018-99-112294 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 1961-1961

Author(s):

Kiyoshi Okazuka ◽

Tadao Ishida ◽

Junichiro Nashimoto ◽

Takao Yogo ◽

Kanji Miyazaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Peripheral Neuropathy ◽

Adverse Events ◽

Staging System ◽

Median Number ◽

Al Amyloidosis ◽

Fish Analysis ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Grade 3

Abstract [Background] Thecombination therapy consisting of bortezomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone (RVD) for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma has been one of the standard induction therapies in recent years. However, 9-23 % of patients discontinued treatments because of severe adverse events in the previous reports (SWOG S077, IFM2009). Thus, it has not been clarified ifthe dosing schedule of RVD is appropriate. Here, we investigated the efficacy and safety of modified RVD-lite for 45 transplant eligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). [Patients and methods] We retrospectively analyzed 45 transplant eligible patients with NDMM who received modified RVD-lite for induction therapy between February 2016 and March 2018. The median age was 58 years old (range 36~66), and 6 (13.3%) patients were AL amyloidosisassociated with multiple myeloma. Patients received bortezomib 1.3 mg/m2once weekly subcutaneous (SC) on days 1, 8, 15, 22, lenalidomide 15 mg/day on days 2-7, 9-14, 16-21 and dexamethasone 40mg on days 1, 8, 15, 22. The Revised International Staging System (R-ISS) wereI in 13 (28.9%), II in 30 (66.7%) and III in 2 (4.4%). High-risk cytogenetics, defined as the presence of deletion 17, t(4;14) and t(14;16) by FISH analysis, were identified in 5 (11.1%) patients. After 4 cycles of modifiedVRd-lite, we evaluated the efficacy and adverse events. [Results] The overall response rate (ORR) after four 28-day cycles of modifiedRVD-lite was obtained in 41 (91.1%), including sCR in 6 (13.3%) and CR in 5 (11.1%). SD and PD were observed in 2 patients (4.4%) and 1 patient (2.2%), respectively. One patient was not evaluated efficacy, because a patient changed modifiedRVD-lite to ixazomib, lenalidomideand dexamethasone therapy for grade 3 peripheral neuropathy. Thirty-eight of 45 patients (84.4%) received autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) after at least 4 courses of modifiedVRd-lite. The median number of CD34+cells/kg collected was 4.83 x 106(range, 1.1-11.9). All patients received melphalan at doses of 200 mg/m2. In these patients, response after ASCT were sCR in 15(41.7%), CR in 2 (5.6%), VGPR in 8 (22.2%) and PR in 8 (22.2%). Three of seven patients who did not received ASCT will receive ASCT ina few months. Among other 4 patients who did not receive ASCT, 2 patients chose other therapies without ASCT, and 2 patients could not receiveASCT because they showed no improvement in cardiac AL amyloidosis. Grade 3 or higher adverse events (AEs) were observed in 17 (37.8%). Most frequent grade 3 or higher AE was neutropenia (grade 3:17.8%, grade 4:6.7%). Only one patient (2.2 %) discontinued modifiedRVD-lite because of grade 3 peripheral neuropathy. [Conclusions] The ORR after 4 cycles ofmodifiedRVD-lite was high (91.1%). These results might be related to low rate of discontinuation of treatment. Also, the ORR after ASCT was comparable to the results previously published (N Engl J Med .2017 Apr 6:376(14):1311). AEs in modified RVD-lite were feasible and manageable in most patients. Our results suggest that modifiedRVD-lite is very feasible and effective treatment for patients with transplant eligible NDMM. Disclosures Suzuki: Sanofi Aventis: Consultancy, Honoraria; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria; Ono: Consultancy, Honoraria; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Honoraria; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria; SRL.Inc: Employment.

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Phase II Study of Infusional Carfilzomib in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v120.21.947.947 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 120 (21) ◽

pp. 947-947 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nikoletta Lendvai ◽

Heather Landau ◽

Alexander Lesokhin ◽

Ioanna Tsakos ◽

Guenther Koehne ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Adverse Events ◽

Board Of Directors ◽

Research Funding ◽

Single Agent ◽

Cell Transplant ◽

Phase 2 ◽

Advisory Committees ◽

Refractory Multiple Myeloma ◽

Higher Doses

Abstract Abstract 947 Background: Carfilzomib (CFZ) is a selective, irreversible epoxyketone inhibitor of the chymotrypsin-like activity of both the constitutive proteasome and the immunoproteasome. In patients with multiple myeloma single-agent CFZ is active and well tolerated at doses up to 27 mg/m2 when administered intravenously over 2–10 minutes. Based on preclinical safety data showing that a slower infusion was better tolerated and permitted administration of higher doses than a 2–10 minute infusion, the phase1b/2 PX-171-007 (NCT00531284) study evaluated the administration of CFZ as a 30-minute infusion. That study found the maximally tolerated dose of CFZ given as a 30 minutes infusion to be 56mg/m2. We designed a single institution, phase 2 study of high dose, infusional CFZ in patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma. Methods: CFZ was given as a 30-minute IV infusion on days 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, and 16 of a 28-day cycle. Cycle1 Day1–2 doses were 20 mg/m2, followed by escalation to 56mg/m2. Dexamethasone 8 mg was given prior to infusion as premedication to mitigate infusion-related reactions. Patients who did not achieve a partial response (PR) after two cycles of CFZ or initially responded to single agent CFZ, but later showed evidence of progression of disease (POD) had dexamethasone (40mg/week) added to their regimen. Overall response rate (ORR; [sCR + CR + VGPR + PR]) was determined according to International Myeloma Working Group Uniform Response Criteria. Subjects were evaluated for adverse events according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v 4.0. Results: Thirty-four patients have been enrolled. Patients had received a median of 5 (range 1–11) prior treatment regimens and included 7 patients who relapsed following allogeneic stem cell transplant. Seventy eight percent of patients were bortezomib-refractory. ORR among patients who completed 4 cycles of therapy or experienced POD prior to completing 4 cycles of therapy was 58% with 1 CR, 7 VGPRs, and 6 PRs. ORR after 4 cycles of therapy was 57% in bortezomib-refractory patients. By intention to treat analysis the ORR in all comers was 50%. Median progression free survival was 4.6 months, median overall survival has not been reached with a median follow-up among survivors of 9.6 months (range: 0.3–14.3 months). The average time to best response was two cycles. Three out of the 11 patients that had dexamethasone 40mg/week added to their regimen obtained an improved response. Twelve patients (35%) were dose reduced. Treatment emergent, non-hematologic Grade 3/4 adverse events for which contribution of CFZ cannot be excluded were: HTN (n = 7), lung infection (n = 6), pulmonary edema (n = 3), reduced ejection fraction (n=1), sepsis (n=2), febrile neutropenia (n=1), bacteremia (n = 1), protothecosis (n = 1), fatigue (n=1), neuropathy (n=1), microangiopathic hemolytic anemia(n=1), nausea/vomiting/+/− diarrhea (n = 2), gastrointestinal bleed in the setting of Grade 4 thrombocytopenia (n = 1), hyperkalemia (n = 1). Conclusions: The 20/56 mg/m2 dose for CFZ administered as a 30-minute IV infusion was associated with 58% ORR, in a heavily pretreated patient population, including 21% of patients w/ prior allogeneic transplant, where the majority of patients were bortezomib-refractory. The ORR from this study is consistent with the one previously reported at the similar dose. Higher doses of carfilzomib continue to be explored in ongoing Phase 2 and Phase 3 studies. Disclosures: Landau: Onyx: Research Funding; Milleneum: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Hassoun:Millenium: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding. Giralt:Onyx: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Milleneum: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.

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