Body Size Measures and the Risk of Venous Thrombosis: The Longitudinal Investigation of Thromboembolism Etiology (LITE).

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 1626-1626
Author(s):  
Mary Cushman ◽  
Ellen O’Meara ◽  
Aaron R. Folsom ◽  
Susan R. Heckbert ◽  
Neil Zakai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Diabetes Status ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of venous thrombosis (VT), however little is known about which components of obesity are important. Proposed hypotheses include an association of adipocyte products with hemostatic imbalance, increased body or leg size impairing venous return, increased inflammation, and differences in venous vessel walls in obese persons. We studied the associations of measures of body size and composition with risk of VT in the LITE study. Methods: The LITE is a prospective study evaluating VT risk factors in 21,680 participants aged 45–100, in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study and the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS). Baseline body size measures were obtained using standardized methods and bioelectric impedance was used to calculate fat and fat-free mass in CHS participants. 729 participants reporting prebaseline VT or baseline warfarin use were excluded. VT events during 12.6 years of follow up were validated by medical record review and classified as idiopathic or secondary. Body size measures were evaluated as risk factors using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for age, sex, race and diabetes status. Results: There were 451 VT events during follow-up (1.8 per 1000 person-years); 182 were idiopathic, 315 were deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and 136 pulmonary embolus (PE) +/− DVT. All body size measures were associated with increased risk of VT (table), with height having the weakest association. Those with severe obesity (body-mass index above 40 kg/m2) were at the highest risk, with a nearly 3-fold increased risk compared to those of normal weight. Both fat and fat-free mass were risk factors. Conclusion: In this prospective study, multiple measures of body size, and measures of body composition including fat and non-fat components, were risk factors for VT. Findings suggest a multicausal pathogenesis for obesity-related thrombosis. Further study is required to determine reasons for the association of body size and composition with VT. Relative Risk of VT by Body Size Categories (Quartiles (Q) Except when Noted; lowest quartile is the reference group) Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 * P <0.05; ** categories are <25, 25–20, 30–40, >40 kg/m2 Body-mass index** 1.0 (reference) 1.3* 2.1* 2.9* Weight 1.0 (ref) 1.2 1.5* 2.5* Height 1.0 (ref) 1.1 1.2 1.4* Waist-hip ratio 1.0 (ref) 1.3 1.5* 1.6* Waist Circumference 1.0 (ref) 1.2 1.3 2.1* Hip Circumference 1.0 (ref) 1.3* 1.5* 2.2* Calf Circumference 1.0 (ref) 1.3 2.0* 2.3* Fat-Free Mass 1.0 (ref) 1.2 1.4 1.9* Fat Mass 1.0 (ref) 1.1 0.8 1.7*

scholarly journals High prevalence of cardiac dysfunction or overt heart failure in 71-year-old men: A 21-year follow-up of “The Study of men born in 1943”

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 717-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojing Chen ◽  
Erik Thunström ◽  
Per-Olof Hansson ◽  
Annika Rosengren ◽  
Zacharias Mandalenakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cardiac Dysfunction ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Old Men

Background Knowledge about long-term risk factors and the prevalence of heart failure stages in general population is limited. We aimed to study the prevalence of cardiac dysfunction and heart failure in 71-year-old men and potential risk factors in the past two decades. Design This research was based on a randomized selected population study with longitudinal follow-up. Methods A random sample of men born in 1943 in Gothenburg, Sweden were examined in 1993 (at 50 years of age) and re-examined 21 years later in 2014 (at 71 years of age). Cardiac dysfunction or heart failure was classified into four stages (A–D) according to American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology guidelines on heart failure. Results Of the 798 men examined in 1993 (overall cohort), 535 (67%) were re-examined in 2014 (echo cohort). In the echo cohort 122 (23%) men had normal cardiac function, 135 (25%) were at stage A, 207 (39%) men were at stage B, 66 (12%) men were at stage C, and five (1%) men were at stage D. Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated that elevated body mass index at 50 years old was the only independent risk factor for developing heart failure/cardiac dysfunction during the subsequent 21 years. For each unit (1 kg/m2) of increased body mass index, the odds ratio for stages C/D heart failure vs no heart failure/stage A increased by 1.20 (95% confidence interval, 1.11–1.31, p < 0.001), after adjustment for smoking, sedentary life style, systolic blood pressure, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. Conclusion In a random sample of men at 71 years of age, half presented with either cardiac dysfunction or clinical heart failure. High body mass index was associated with an increased risk for developing cardiac dysfunction or heart failure over a 21-year period.

scholarly journals Subclinical Cardiac Organ Damage in Patients with Moderate to Severe Psoriasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2440
Author(s):  
Anja Linde ◽  
Eva Gerdts ◽  
Kåre Steinar Tveit ◽  
Ester Kringeland ◽  
Helga Midtbø
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Treatment Initiation ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Infliximab Treatment ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Psoriasis Severity

We explored the association between subclinical cardiac organ damage (OD) with comorbidities and psoriasis severity in 53 psoriasis patients on infliximab treatment (age 47 ± 15 years, 30% women) and 99 controls without psoriasis (age 47 ± 11 years, 28% women). Cardiac OD was assessed by echocardiography as the presence of increased left ventricular (LV) relative wall thickness (RWT), LV hypertrophy or dilated left atrium. Psoriasis severity was graded using the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI). The prevalence of hypertension was 66% in psoriasis vs. 61% in controls (p = 0.54) and cardiac OD seen in 51 and 73%, respectively (p = 0.007). Psoriasis was associated with a lower prevalence of cardiac OD (odds ratio (OR) 0.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.13–0.77, p = 0.01) independent of age, sex, smoking, body mass index, and hypertension. Among psoriasis patients, hypertension was associated with increased risk of subclinical cardiac OD (OR 6.88, 95% CI 1.32–35.98, p = 0.02) independent of age, sex, and body mass index. PASI at treatment initiation was associated with a higher RWT at follow-up, independent of sex, age, and hypertension (β 0.36, p = 0.006) while no association with current PASI was found. In conclusion, cardiac OD was less prevalent in psoriasis patients on infliximab treatment than controls. Hypertension was the major covariable for subclinical cardiac OD in psoriasis.

scholarly journals Risk factors mediating the effect of body-mass index and waist-to-hip ratio on cardiovascular outcomes: Mendelian randomization analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipender Gill ◽  
Verena Zuber ◽  
Jesse Dawson ◽  
Jonathan Pearson-Stuttard ◽  
Alice R Carter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Standard Deviation Increase ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Artery Disease

Background: Higher body-mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, but the extent to which this is mediated by blood pressure, diabetes, lipid traits and smoking is not fully understood. Methods: Using consortia and UK Biobank genetic association summary data from 140,595 to 898,130 participants predominantly of European ancestry, MR mediation analysis was performed to investigate the degree to which genetically predicted systolic blood pressure (SBP), diabetes, lipid traits and smoking mediated an effect of genetically predicted BMI and WHR on risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), peripheral artery disease (PAD) and stroke. Results: The 49% (95% confidence interval [CI] 39%-60%) increased risk of CAD conferred per 1-standard deviation increase in genetically predicted BMI attenuated to 34% (95% CI 24%-45%) after adjusting for genetically predicted SBP, to 27% (95% CI 17%-37%) after adjusting for genetically predicted diabetes, to 47% (95% CI 36%-59%) after adjusting for genetically predicted lipids, and to 46% (95% CI 34%-58%) after adjusting for genetically predicted smoking. Adjusting for all the mediators together, the increased risk attenuated to 14% (95% CI 4%-26%). A similar pattern of attenuation was observed when considering genetically predicted WHR as the exposure, and PAD or stroke as the outcomes. Conclusions: Measures to reduce obesity will lower risk of cardiovascular disease primarily by impacting on downstream metabolic risk factors, particularly diabetes and hypertension. Reduction of obesity prevalence alongside control and management of its mediators is likely to be most effective for minimizing the burden of obesity.

scholarly journals Physical activity modifies the risk of atrial fibrillation in obese individuals: The HUNT3 study

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 1646-1652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars E Garnvik ◽  
Vegard Malmo ◽  
Imre Janszky ◽  
Ulrik Wisløff ◽  
Jan P Loennechen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Increased Risk

Background Atrial fibrillation is the most common heart rhythm disorder, and high body mass index is a well-established risk factor for atrial fibrillation. The objective of this study was to examine the associations of physical activity and body mass index and risk of atrial fibrillation, and the modifying role of physical activity on the association between body mass index and atrial fibrillation. Design The design was a prospective cohort study. Methods This study followed 43,602 men and women from the HUNT3 study in 2006–2008 until first atrial fibrillation diagnosis or end of follow-up in 2015. Atrial fibrillation diagnoses were collected from hospital registers and validated by medical doctors. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to assess the association between physical activity, body mass index and atrial fibrillation. Results During a mean follow-up of 8.1 years (352,770 person-years), 1459 cases of atrial fibrillation were detected (4.1 events per 1000 person-years). Increasing levels of physical activity were associated with gradually lower risk of atrial fibrillation ( p trend 0.069). Overweight and obesity were associated with an 18% (hazard ratio 1.18, 95% confidence interval 1.03–1.35) and 59% (hazard ratio 1.59, 95% confidence interval 1.37–1.84) increased risk of atrial fibrillation, respectively. High levels of physical activity attenuated some of the higher atrial fibrillation risk in obese individuals (hazard ratio 1.53, 95% confidence interval 1.03–2.28 in active and 1.96, 95% confidence interval 1.44–2.67 in inactive) compared to normal weight active individuals. Conclusion Overweight and obesity were associated with increased risk of atrial fibrillation. Physical activity offsets some, but not all, atrial fibrillation risk associated with obesity.

scholarly journals Body Mass Index and Serum γ‐glutamyltransferase Level as Risk Factors for Injuries Related to Professional Horse Racing: A Prospective Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroko Tobari ◽  
Kazumasa Yamagishi ◽  
Hiroyuki Noda ◽  
Takeshi Tanigawa ◽  
Hiroyasu Iso
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Horse Racing ◽  
A Prospective Study

Risk of venous thrombosis in persons with increased body mass index and interactions with other genetic and acquired risk factors

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1572-1578 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Ribeiro ◽  
W. M. Lijfering ◽  
F. R. Rosendaal ◽  
S. C. Cannegieter
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Body Mass

scholarly journals Body size and risk of kidney stones.

1998 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1645-1652
Author(s):  
G C Curhan ◽  
W C Willett ◽  
E B Rimm ◽  
F E Speizer ◽  
M J Stampfer
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Kidney Stone Formation ◽  
Risk Of Stone Formation

A variety of factors influence the formation of calcium oxalate kidney stones, including gender, diet, and urinary excretion of calcium, oxalate, and uric acid. Several of these factors may be related to body size. Because men on average have a larger body size and a threefold higher lifetime risk of stone formation than women, body size may be an important risk factor for calcium oxalate stone formation. The association between body size (height, weight, and body mass index) and the risk of kidney stone formation was studied in two large cohorts: the Nurses' Health Study (NHS; n = 89,376 women) and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS; n = 51,529 men). Information on body size, kidney stone formation, and other exposures of interest was obtained by mailed questionnaires. A total of 1078 incident cases of kidney stones in NHS during 14 yr of follow-up and a total of 956 cases in HPFS during 8 yr of follow-up were confirmed. In both cohorts, the prevalence of a stone disease history and the incidence of stone disease were directly associated with weight and body mass index. However, the magnitude of the associations was consistently greater among women. Specifically, the age-adjusted prevalence odds ratio for women with body mass index > or = 32 kg/m2 compared with 21 to 22.9 kg/m2 was 1.76 (95% confidence interval, 1.50 to 2.07), but 1.38 (95% confidence interval, 1.16 to 1.65) for the same comparison in men. For incident stone formation, the multivariate relative risks for the similar comparisons were 1.89 (1.51 to 2.36) for women and 1.19 (0.83 to 1.70) in men. Height was inversely associated with the prevalence of stone disease but was not associated with incident stone formation. These results suggest that body size is associated with the risk of stone formation and that the magnitude of risk varies by gender. Additional studies are necessary to determine whether a reduction in body weight decreases the risk of stone formation, particularly in women.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN RAILWAY CREWS

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. N. Kazidaeva ◽  
I. N. Sergunina ◽  
Yu. L. Venevtseva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Stabilization Of Parameters ◽  
Brachiocephalic Arteries

Aim. To assess the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (RF) and dynamics over 4 years in locomotory crews.Material and methods. One hundred train drivers and assistants aged 25-59 y.o. (mean age — 43,8±10,3 y.) were investigated in-patient with 24 hour blood pressure (BP) monitoring, ultrasound Doppler of brachiocephalic arteries, standard biochemistry. Fifty three persons were assessed prospectively from 2013 to 2017 y.Results. BP increase (essential hypertension of I-II grades with mild or moderate hypertension) was found in 78 persons, with the mean duration — 10,4±4,3 years, and age of onset — 37,0±8,5 y.o. Most commonly, the dyslipidemiaswerefound:hypertriglyceridemiain59%,hypercholesterolemia in 44%. Smokers — 39%, overweight — 37%, obese — 41%. Correlational analysis revealed significant direct correlation of triglycerides with body mass index (r=0,35), with glucose tolerance disorder (r=0,22) and hypertension (r=0,22), however there was negative correlation with smoking status (r=-0,25). In patients with hypertension, aged 25-39 (n=18), comparing to the group with the none (n=22), there were significantly higher: body mass index, cholesterol level, triglycerides level and low density lipoproteideslevelwiththeabsenceofdifferenceinhighdensitylipoproteides, smoking prevalence and family anamnesis of cardiovascular diseases. In prospective follow-up the negative dynamics of lipid profile was found in males of 25-39 y.o., and morphological presentation — lesions in brachiocephalic arteries, at the age 40-49 y. with stabilization of parameters at the age 50-59 y.o. Mean group levels of systolic and diastolic BP at daytime and at night in both timepoints were within normotension range in all groups, corresponding to “non-dipper” type.Conclusion. Most prevalent RF in railway crews were dyslipidemia and obesity. The adequacy of therapy prescribed in all age strata makes it to regard the raise of BP as modifiable RF.

Association between general and central adiposity and development of hypertension in early childhood

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1326-1334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maira A Ortiz-Pinto ◽  
Honorato Ortiz-Marrón ◽  
Isabel Ferriz-Vidal ◽  
María V Martínez-Rubio ◽  
María Esteban-Vasallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Excess Weight ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Incident Cases

Objectives To evaluate the association of general and abdominal obesity with high blood pressure in young children. Methods A longitudinal study including 1796 participants from the Madrid region (Spain) with baseline at age 4 years and a follow-up 2 years later. Blood pressure, body mass index and waist circumference were measured during a physical examination. We evaluated the association between obesity at baseline and weight changes between the ages of 4 and 6 years and high blood pressure. Data were analysed using linear and logistic regressions adjusted for covariates. Results Obese 4 year olds (general or abdominal obesity) experienced an average 4–5 mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure and a 2.5–3 mmHg increase in diastolic blood pressure by the age of 6 years. Compared to children maintaining a non-excess weight (based on body mass index) during follow-up incident and persistent cases of excess weight (overweight or obesity) had an odds ratio (OR) for high blood pressure of 2.49 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.50–4.13) and OR 2.54 (95% CI 1.27–5.07), respectively. Regarding abdominal obesity we estimated OR 2.81 (95% CI 0.98–8.02) for incident cases and OR 3.42 (95% CI 1.38–8.49) for persistent cases. Similar estimates for the waist–height ratio were observed. Individuals who experienced remission to non-excess weight did not have an increased risk of high blood pressure. Conclusions We observed an increased risk for high blood pressure among 4-year-olds who presented with persistent or incident cases of excess weight (body mass index) or abdominal obesity after 2 years of follow-up. Children with excess weight or obesity at baseline who remitted to non-excess weight did not exhibit an increased risk of high blood pressure.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document