Unfavourable Outcome and Heterogeneity of Partner Chromosomes in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia with 14q32/IGH Translocations.

Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 4686-4686
Author(s):  
Francesco Cavazzini ◽  
Jose A. Hernandez ◽  
Alessandro Gozzetti ◽  
Antonella Russo Rossi ◽  
Ruana Tiseo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Translocations of 14q32/IgH have a low incidence in CLL. Partner chromosomes and the prognostic significance are poorly defined. Four hundred thirty cases of CLL seen at the Hospitals of Ferrara, Salamanca and Siena between 1992 and 2006 were studied. Inclusion criteria were: diagnosis of CD5/CD19+ CLL with k/λ restriction, cytogenetic/FISH data, immunophenotypic data, complete hematological and clinical data. Lymphomas in leukemic phase were excluded. FISH was performed for 17p13/TP53, 11q22.3/ATM, 6q21, chr 12 centromere, 13q14 and 14q32/IGH. Patients with no detectable aberration or isolated 13q− were included into a favourable cytogenetic group (group 1), those with +12, 6q− or 1–2 aberrations into an intermediate risk group (group 2) and those with 17p−, 11q−, ≥ 3 aberrations into an unfavourable group (group 3). Cases with 14q32/IGH translocation as primary chromosome change represented a specific category (group 4) and were studied with FISH probes for the detection of partners (BCL1, BCL2, BCL3, BCL6, c-MYC, BCL11A, PAX5, CCND3, CDK6). One hundred eighty-six cases were allocated into group 1; 158 into group 2; 64 into group 3, and 22 into group 4. Additional aberrations were found in a minority of cells in 8 patients in group 4. Being the aim of the study to assess whether the 14q32/IGH translocation represented an unfavourable parameter as compared with cases in the favourable or intermediate cytogenetic risk groups, cases within group 3 were excluded from the analysis and the data presented here will refer to 366 patients belonging to groups 1,2 and 4. Translocation partners of 14q32/IGH were identified in 9/22 cases: 2p13/BCL11A, (n 1); 6p21/CCND3 (n 1); 7q21/CDK6 (n 1); 18q21/BCL2 (n 6). Thirteen cases did not show involvement of the loci studied. Cases with 14q32/IGH translocations were characterized by typical morphology and classical immunophenotype (score 4–5 in 92% of the cases). Unmutated IGVH genes were found in 11/18 cases tested (61%); ZAP-70 was positive in 3/5 cases tested. Median age was 63.5 years (range 18–97), male:female ratio 240/126; 345 patients were in Rai stage 0-II, 21 were in stage 3–4; CD38 was positive in 137/366 cases. There was no difference between groups 1,2 and 4 for age, stage, male:female ratio, hematological parameters at diagnosis, IGVH mutations and ZAP70. CD38 was more positive in group 4 than in group 1 (p=0.028). There was no difference in survival and treatment free interval (TFI) when comparing cases in group 4 with and without additional aberrations. Cases in group 4 had a shorter TFI and a shorter survival when compared with group 1 (p=0.02) and group 2 (p=0.02). The difference maintained its statistical significance at multivariate analysis for TFI (p=0.02) along with stage (p<0.0001) and CD38 positivity (p<0.0001) and for survival (p=0.02) along with sex (p=0.006) and stage (p=0.0001). In conclusion, the 14q32/IGH translocation in CLL shows heterogeneity of partner chromosomes and it represents a cytogenetic marker predicting for an evolutive form of CLL.

Clinical Significance of Homozygous D13S319 Deletion in B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (B-CLL).

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 2799-2799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Fink ◽  
Susan Geyer ◽  
Tait Shanafelt ◽  
Stephanie Smoley ◽  
Sarah Paternoster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Median Percentage ◽  
Time To Treatment ◽  
Treatment Status ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background: In B-CLL, the observation of interphase cells with hemizygous D13S319 deletion at 13q14 (13q-x1) as a sole anomaly in blood is widely considered a favorable prognosis. The observation of cells with 11q-, +12 or 17p- has been associated with a relatively poor prognosis. Over the past 1.5 yrs, 16.2% (174/1,076) of patients (pts) referred for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) testing for B-CLL in our clinical practice had a clone with homozygous D13S319 deletion (13q-x2), but the prognostic significance of this observation is poorly understood. Moreover, 39.3% (142/361) of pts with unfavorable FISH anomalies have 13q-x1 and/or 13q-x2 and the clinical significance of this observation is also unknown. Thus, we investigated pts with 13q- (with or without other chromosome anomalies) to establish the relative clinical significance of 13q- in B-CLL. Methods: We studied 333 pts with B-CLL sampled between 9/1999 and 6/2004 who had FISH performed on interphase nuclei from blood. The FISH probe set was designed to detect 6q-, 11q-, +12, 13q-, 17p-, and translocations involving IgH at 14q32. We classified pts into four groups: 13q-x1 only (group 1), 13q-x1 and 13q-x2 only (group 2), 13q-x2 only (group 3) and 13q-x1 and/or 13q-x2 plus other FISH anomalies (group 4). FISH groups were compared with gender, age, Rai stage, treatment status, time to treatment, CD38 and IgVH mutation. Results: Of the 333 pts, 171 (51.3%) had a 13q-: 71 were in group 1, 25 in group 2, 26 in group 3 and 49 in group 4. %CD38+ differed significantly across FISH groups; in pairwise analyses, the proportion of pts with >30% CD38+ was significantly greater for pts in group 4 vs. group 3 (p=0.0015) although no significant differences were observed for group 3 vs. group 1 or vs. group 2. Pts in group 3 were not significantly different from other FISH groups for Rai stage, IgVH mutation or gender. The median percentage of abnormal nuclei for pts with group 1 was 54.5% vs. 79.5% for pts in group 4 (p<0.0001). The median percent abnormal nuclei for pts in groups 3 and 2 was 72.5% and 68.5%, respectively. Median % abnormal nuclei for group 3 was not significantly different than the other FISH groups. Treatment status was available on 147 pts, where the proportion of pts who had treatment in each group was as follows: group 1, 15/66; group 2, 2/22; group 3, 4/21; and group 4, 9/38. Due to limited sample size and heavy censoring, any analysis on time to treatment is preliminary; however, these early analyses suggest group 4 pts have a lower median time to treatment (9 yrs) compared to groups 3 and 1 (12.3 and 13 yrs, respectively). Conclusions: This study has generated new information about the 13q- anomaly in B-CLL. First, known prognostic markers for B-CLL pts with 13q-x2 are not significantly different than for pts with 13q-x1 or 13q-x1/13q-x2. Second, 13q-x1 and/or 13q-x2 occurring with other unfavorable FISH anomalies have an unfavorable prognosis; i.e. potential benefits of 13q- are trumped when it is observed with unfavorable FISH anomalies. Thus, patients with any form of 13q- alone may have indolent disease while patients with 13q- and unfavorable FISH anomalies should be considered to be in a more aggressive phase.

scholarly journals Prevention of Delayed Nausea: A University of Rochester Cancer Center Community Clinical Oncology Program Study of Patients Receiving Chemotherapy

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (27) ◽  
pp. 3389-3395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Roscoe ◽  
Charles E. Heckler ◽  
Gary R. Morrow ◽  
Supriya G. Mohile ◽  
Shaker R. Dakhil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Community Clinical Oncology Program ◽  
Delayed Nausea ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Group 1

Purpose We conducted a double-blind randomized clinical trial of the following four regimens for controlling delayed nausea (DN): group 1: palonosetron + dexamethasone on day 1 with prochlorperazine on days 2 and 3; group 2: granisetron + dexamethasone on day 1 with prochlorperazine on days 2 and 3; group 3: aprepitant + palonosetron + dexamethasone on day 1 with aprepitant + dexamethasone on days 2 and 3; and group 4: palonosetron + dexamethasone on day 1 with prochlorperazine + dexamethasone on days 2 and 3. Patients and Methods Chemotherapy-naive patients received doxorubicin, epirubicin, cisplatin, carboplatin, or oxaliplatin. The primary end point was average nausea assessed four times daily on days 2 and 3. Primary analyses were whether nausea control would be improved by using palonosetron versus granisetron on day 1 (group 1 v group 2); by adding dexamethasone on days 2 and 3 (group 1 v group 4); and by using aprepitant versus prochlorperazine (group 3 v group 4). Statistical significance was set at P = .017. Results Two hundred thirty-four, 234, 241, and 235 evaluable patients were accrued to groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Adjusted mean differences for the three planned analyses were as follows: palonosetron versus granisetron: −0.01 (95% CI, −0.23 to 0.20; P = .72); adding dexamethasone on days 2 and 3: 0.20 (95% CI, −0.02 to 0.41; P = .01); and using aprepitant versus prochlorperazine: −0.03 (95% CI, −0.24 to 0.19; P = .56). Conclusion The addition of dexamethasone on days 2 and 3 reduced DN. Palonosetron and granisetron have similar effects on DN. The beneficial effect of adding aprepitant for control of DN was the same as adding prochlorperazine.

13q14 Chromosome Deletion Size and Number of Deleted Cells Influence Prognosis In Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 3578-3578
Author(s):  
Francesca Maria Rossi ◽  
Davide Rossi ◽  
Clara Deambrogi ◽  
Francesco Bertoni ◽  
Michele Dal Bo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Course ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Median Size ◽  
Mutational Status ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Abstract 3578 Introduction: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients bearing 13q14 deletion are known to experience a more favorable clinical course. Recent studies, focusing on patients with loss of 13q as the sole cytogenetic aberration at diagnosis (del13q-only cases), showed that the number of malignant cells carrying this genetic lesion correlates with a more aggressive clinical behavior. However, whether the size of the 13q deletion may also influence the clinical outcome remains to be elucidated. Patients and Methods: Probes for chromosome 13q (LSI-RB1, LSI-D13S319), 11q (LSI-ATM), 17p (LSI-p53) and chromosome 12 (CEP12) were utilized on nuclei collected at diagnosis from: i) a multi-institutional CLL cohort (342 del13q-only cases) and ii) a consecutive unselected single-institution cohort of 265 cases. RB1 deleted cases (delRB1) were defined as having at least 5% of deleted nuclei. Time to treatment (TTT) intervals, as well as Rai staging, IGHV mutational status, CD38 and ZAP70 expression, B2-microglobulin levels, all evaluated at diagnosis, were also available for all cases that entered the study. Genome wide DNA profile was performed in a pilot series of 90 CLL samples using Affymetrix GeneChip Human SNP6 arrays. Results: According to genome wide DNA analysis, delRB1 occurred in a proportion of del13q-only cases (36/90; 40%), always comprising the deleted region detected with the LSI-D13S319 probe (that covers the miR-15a/16-1 cluster and the DLEU2 gene) and characterized by a larger chromosome loss (median size 2.07 Mb vs. a median size of 0.86 Mb for the canonical del13S319). Maximally selected log-rank statistics identified the 70% of nuclei bearing del13S319 as the most appropriate cut-off value capable of separating del13q-only cases into two subgroups with different TTT distributions. Consistently, del13q-only cases with at least 70% of nuclei bearing del13S319 showed a significantly shorter TTT than del13q-only cases with less than 70% deleted nuclei (p=0.0001). Del13q-only cases were then divided in four subsets according to the percentage of nuclei bearing del13S319 with or without a concomitant delRB1: del13S319 <70% (group 1), 144 cases; del13S319 <70% + delRB1 (group 2), 95 cases; del13S319 >70% (group 3), 64 cases; del13S319 >70% + delRB1 (group 4), 39 cases. The median TTT of group 1 (not reached) was significantly longer than the median TTT of group 2 (92 months, p=0.012), group 3 (68 months, p<0.0001), and group 4 (82 months, p=0.0025; see Fig. 1A). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses selected the presence of delRB1 (p=0.029), along with the IGHV mutational status (p<0.0001), as an independent negative prognosticator in the context of del13q-only cases with low/intermediate Rai risk (Rai stage of 0/I at diagnosis) and <70% of del13S319. Cases belonging to the consecutive unselected single-institution CLL cohort were divided into subsets according to the classification proposed by Döhner et al (NEJM, 2000). Notably, the presence of del13S319 in <70% of cells in the absence of delRB1 identified a patient subset with particularly stable and benign clinical course (group A in Fig. 1B, 48 cases; median TTT not reached). Conversely, patients characterized by del13S319 in <70% of cells but with a larger deletion, as determined by concomitant delRB1 (group B, 24 cases), or del13S319 in >70% of cells (with or without delRB1, group C, 25 cases) or a normal karyotype (group D, 75 cases) had shorter median TTT intervals (ranging from 105 to 129 months, p<0.01 in all the comparisons). Finally, patients affected by CLL bearing trisomy 12 (group E, 48 cases) and del11q or del17p (group F, 45 cases) experienced the worst clinical courses (p<0.0001). Conclusion: In the context of del13q-only cases, different clinical outcomes were associated to the percentage of 13q14 deleted cells, as well as to the size of the 13q14 deletion, as detected by the LSI-RB1 probe. Moreover, the presence of delRB1 emerged as a feature capable of refining the prognostic assessment in the context of CLL cases with <70% del13S319. The underlying genetic mechanisms correlated with the different clinical outcomes and associated with the size of the 13q deletion are presently under investigation. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Analysis of Instagram® Posts Referring to Cleft Lip

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7404
Author(s):  
Magdalena Sycinska-Dziarnowska ◽  
Piotr Stepien ◽  
Joanna Janiszewska-Olszowska ◽  
Katarzyna Grocholewicz ◽  
Maciej Jedlinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomaly ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Social media has become a source of medical information. Cleft lip and palate is a visible congenital anomaly. The aim of the study was to analyze Instagram® posts on the topic of cleft lip. Methods: Instagram® posts with “#cleftlip” from March 2014–March 2017 were accessed. Separate lists of expressions (hashtags, meaningful words, words with emojis or emojis alone) were prepared for primary posts and for replies. Thirty expressions statistically most frequent in primary versus secondary posts and 30 in secondary versus primary posts were identified (Group 1) as well as 30 English words or hashtags (Group 2), non-English words or hashtags (Group 3) and emojis (Group 4). The frequencies of expressions were compared (Z-test for the difference of two population proportions). Results: There were 34,129 posts, (5427 primary posts and 28,702 replies), containing 62,163 expressions, (35,004 in primary posts). The occurrence of all expressions was 454,162, (225,418 in primary posts and 228,744 in replies). Posts with positive expressions such as “beautiful”, “love”, “cute”, “great”, “awesome” occurred more often than these with negative ones. In replies all emojis were positive. Conclusions: Numerous Instagram® posts referring to cleft lip are published and do provoke discussion. People express their solidarity and sympathize with persons affected by cleft.

scholarly journals The effect of difference in saliva pH against Hg release from amalgam restoration on in vitro research

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Megasari
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Amalgam Restoration ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The One ◽  
Group 1

Hg release from amalgam restoration is continuos as long as an amalgam in the mouth. The difference in saliva pH is one factor that influences Hg releasing from amalgam restoration. The purpose of this research was to find data the effect of the difference in saliva pH against Hg release from amalgam restoration. This research was a true experimental in vitro research. This research used 40 samples of premolar teeth of the maxilla, prepared in occlusal Class I, restored with amalgam and then divided into 4 Groups. Teeth belonging to Group 1 were immersed in saliva artificial with a pH content 5, Group 2 with a pH content of 6, Group 3 with a pH content of 7 as a control, and Group 4 with a pH content of 8. All tooth Groups were immersed for one week after condensation. Research data results analyzed using the One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Research results measured using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) indicated that Group 1 with a pH content of 5 had the highest average release, namely, 19,276 ppb, followed by Group 4 with a pH content of 8, with a Hg release of 17,691 ppb, followed by Group 3 with a pH content of 7 as a control, with a Hg release of 13,702 ppb, and Group 2 with a pH content of 6 the lowest Hg release, namely 12,377 ppb. Summary of this research showed that there was no effect of saliva pH difference against Hg release from amalgam restoration.

scholarly journals MBCL-52. ENDOCRINE PROFILE AFTER MEDULLOBLASTOMA TREATMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii398-iii399
Author(s):  
Miriam Pavon-Mengual ◽  
Helen Curry ◽  
Vrinda Saraff ◽  
Zainaba Mohamed ◽  
Helen Benghiat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Hormone Deficiency ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Endocrine Profile ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract BACKGROUND Treatment of medulloblastoma has evolved substantially with more chemotherapy, risk-adapted dosing of radiotherapy (RT) and new RT techniques. We present the endocrine profile for our patients treated over a 20-year period. METHODS The charts of patients treated for medulloblastoma between 1/1/00 and 31/12/19 were reviewed. 105 were available. Group 1 received chemotherapy alone, Group 2 received 23.4 Gy whole CNS RT with a posterior fossa (PF) boost to 54 Gy, Group 3 received &gt; 35 Gy whole CNS RT with PF boost to 54–59 Gy, Group 4 received PF RT to 54 Gy. All received chemotherapy according to national guidelines or clinical trials relevant at the time. RESULTS Group 1 (M:F 11:6, 7 survivors mean age 2 years range 1–7) had no endocrinopathies. At 5 years from diagnosis Group 2 (M:F 15:13) and Group 3 (M:F 35:14) had the following % RESULTS Survival 77:61; Growth Hormone deficiency 92:100; Thyroid deficiency 75:81; ACTH deficiency 42:33. Girls were more likely to need sex hormone replacement than boys. Group 4 (M:F 7:5 mean age 2) were all treated in the first decade. 3 survivors, one GH deficiency, one thyroxine deficiency, one both. CONCLUSIONS There is a trend to earlier endocrinopathies in the group 3 vs group 2 patients, but it does not reach statistical significance. Girls are more likely to need sex hormone replacement than boys. This investigation provides a contemporary profile of endocrinopathy after treatment for medulloblastoma that can be used for future comparisons.

Outcome of Treatment in Adults With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Analysis of the LALA-94 Trial

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (20) ◽  
pp. 4075-4086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Thomas ◽  
Jean-Michel Boiron ◽  
Françoise Huguet ◽  
Hervé Dombret ◽  
Ken Bradstock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Philadelphia Chromosome ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Matched Sibling ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Purpose We analyzed the benefits of a risk-adapted postremission strategy in adult lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and re-evaluated stem-cell transplantation (SCT) for high-risk ALL. Patients and Methods A total of 922 adult patients entered onto the trial according to risk groups: standard-risk ALL (group 1), high-risk ALL (group 2), Philadelphia chromosome-positive ALL (group 3), and CNS-positive ALL (group 4). All received a standard four-drug/4-week induction course. Patients from group 1 who achieved a complete remission (CR) after one course of induction therapy were randomly assigned between intensive and less intensive postremission chemotherapy, whereas those who achieved CR after salvage therapy were then included in group 2. Patients in groups 2, 3, and 4 with an HLA-identical sibling were assigned to allogeneic SCT. In groups 3 and 4, autologous SCT was offered to all other patients, whereas in group 2 they were randomly assigned between chemotherapy and autologous SCT. Results Overall, 771 patients achieved CR (84%). Median disease-free survival (DFS) was 17.5 months, with 3-year DFS at 37%. In group 1, the 3-year DFS rate was 41%, with no difference between arms of postremission randomization. In groups 2 and 4, the 3-year DFS rates were 38% and 44%, respectively. In group 2, autologous SCT and chemotherapy resulted in comparable median DFS. Patients with an HLA-matched sibling (groups 2 and 4) had improved DFS. Three-year DFS was 24% in group 3. Conclusion Allogeneic SCT improved DFS in high-risk ALL in the first CR. Autologous SCT did not confer a significant benefit over chemotherapy for high-risk ALL.

scholarly journals Can renal stone size and the use of the nephrolithometric system increase the efficacy of predicting the risk of failure of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy?

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 619-625
Author(s):  
EDUARDO MEDINA FELICI ◽  
ANDRÉ LUIZ LIMA DINIZ ◽  
TOMAS ACCIOLY SOUZA ◽  
LUCIANO ALVES FAVORITO ◽  
JOSÉ ANACLETO DUTRA RESENDE JÚNIOR
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Renal Stone ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Stone Size ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Percutaneous Nephrolithotripsy ◽  
Residual Fragments ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Objective : to verify the association of success rate of percutaneous lithotripsy, Guy score and size of the stone. Methods: one hundred patients submitted to percutaneous nephrolithotripsy were evaluated. All stones were classified according to Guy Score. Patient free of stone was considered when residual fragments were ≤2mm. Results: according to guy Score, 54% were score 1 (Group 1), 18% score 2 (Group 2), 15% score 3 (Group 3), and 13% score 4 (Group 4). Success was observed in 77.77% in Group 1, 27.77% in group 2, 26.6% in Group 3, and 7.69% in Group 4. In patients with Guy score 1, there was statistical significance of prediction of free stone rate when evaluated according to the size of the stone. Among groups 2, 3 and 4 there was no statistical significance, but it was observed a trend in relation to stone size, the bigger the higher the chance of residual fragments. Conclusion: nephrolithometry by Guy Score and size of the stone are single predictors of success of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy. Stone size may influence success rate of patients with Guy Score 1.

scholarly journals Control of bovine gastrointestinal nematode parasites using pellets of the nematode-trapping fungus Monacrosporium thaumasium

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackson Victor de Araújo ◽  
Marcos Pezzi Guimarães ◽  
Artur Kanadani Campos ◽  
Nilo Chaves de Sá ◽  
Priscilla Sarti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Nematode Parasites ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The viability of a formulation of the fungus Monacrosporium thaumasium associated with ivermectin was evaluated for the biological control of bovine gastrointestinal nematode parasites. Four groups of five calves each were placed in pastures with a stocking rate of 1.6 animal/hectare. In group 1 (control), the calves did not receive any treatment. In group 2, each animal received 20g of pellets of M. thaumasium orally twice a week during a six-month period that began with the onset of the rainy season (October 23, 2000). In group 3, each animal received 20g of pellets of M. thaumasium orally twice a week during the same period as 2, as well as two strategic treatments with ivermectin (200 mcg/kg) on May 10, 2001 and July 5, 2001. In group 4, the animals were treated with ivermectin alone as described for group 3. EPG counts for group 1 were significantly greater (P< 0.01) than those for groups 2 and 3 and the difference at the end of the study period was near 100%. The EPGs of group 4 animals remained high until the first strategic treatment with ivermectin. Values for groups 1 and 4 differed significantly (P< 0.05) from those of groups 2 and 3 from December 2000 onwards. It was concluded that the use of this dose and periodicity of application of M. thaumasium pellets makes the application of anthelminthic treatments unnecessary.

scholarly journals Comparison of Shear Bond Strength of Four Types of Orthodontic Brackets with Different Base Technologies

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 273-278
Author(s):  
Gaurang H. Chaudhary ◽  
Gianina Salton Mattevi ◽  
Peter Thiuri Gakunga
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Acid Etch ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objectives The aim of this study was to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of brackets systems with four different base technologies. Materials and Methods Maxillary first premolars were randomly divided into four groups of thirty specimens each: (1) Master Series™ conventional twin, (2) T3™ self-ligating, (3) Victory series™ conventional twin, and (4) H4™ self-ligating brackets. Maxillary first premolars were bracketed using an acid-etch composite system, and the SBS measured using an Instron Universal Testing Machine at a crosshead speed of 2 mm/min. The ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison tests were performed with significance predetermined at P ≤ 0.05. Results The overall mean bond strengths were 8.49 ± 2.93, 10.85 ± 3.34, 9.42 ± 2.97, and 9.73 ± 2.62 for the Groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 brackets, respectively. One-way ANOVA test gave an F = 3.182 with a P = 0.026. The Group 1 and Group 2 were observed to have statistically significant difference with a P = 0.014. Conclusions The T3 self-ligating one-piece design with microetched Quadra Grip™ base brackets had the highest bond strength. The SBS difference between Group 2, Group 3, and Group 4 was not significant, but the difference between Group 2 and Group 1 was statistically significant.

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