Platelet Usage Trends-Could It Be Less?

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. 4343-4343
Author(s):  
Ulker Kocak ◽  
Fatma Burcu Belen ◽  
Arzu Okur ◽  
Ferit Kulali ◽  
Odul Egritas ◽  
...  

Abstract Abstract 4343 Thrombocytopenia as a risk factor for major bleeding is a life threatening complication of critical disease situations. Prophylactic or therapeutic platelet transfusions are widely used for hemorrhagic problems. The aim of this study was to find out the indications, the threshold for platelet transfusion for the pediatric patients in a tertiary care hospital throughout one year to determine the optimal platelet transfusion practice. The study was conducted upon the records of the hospital's blood bank and the files of the patients were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 378 platelet units were used in 104 patients with an age range of 0–18 years. The majority (48.1 %) of the transfusions were in mainly leukemia patients in the hematology department. Transfusions per patient were higher in hematology (mean 4.8 ± 7.4 transfusions) and neonatology (mean 4.8 ± 7.6 transfusions) (p > 0.05) departments. 256 (67.7 %) of the transfusions were single donor apheresis whereas 122 (32.3 %) were random donor platelet products. About 1/3 of the apheresis products were given when the platelet count was below 10 × 109/L and 1/3 were given when the platelet count was between 10–20 × 109/L. 118 (31.2 %) of the transfusions were used for prophylaxis in hematology and oncology departments when the platelet levels were below 10×109/L (mean platelet count of 9.8 ± 7.7 × 109/L and 8.8 ± 5.2 × 109/L). These levels are lower than other departments (p < 0.001). 59 % of the apheresis units were preferred for therapeutic reasons. The highest platelet levels were observed when platelet concentrates were used for treatment of bleeding or prior to any procedure (Table 1). Platelet usage shows a discrepancy between the departments of pediatrics. Hematology and oncology patients were the major consumers of the platelet concentrates. Although it is known that when given in appropriate dosage no difference was observed between the platelet concentrates in terms of increasing the platelet counts, there was a tendency for using apheresis products which are the most expensive (188.61 dollars) among all. This practice could be abandoned by continuous education. Besides the guidelines should be reviewed periodically to remind the physicians the dilemma of transfusion; life saving on one hand and the risks on the other. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar Sharma ◽  
Shahid Anjum Awan ◽  
Vijay Sawhney

INTRODUCTION: Blood transfusion is an important concern for the society, as it is life saving for patients with bleeding disorders, accidents, surgeries, inherited/acquired hematological diseases and malignancies. Generally, donors are classied into the following categories: voluntary, family replacement, remunerated or paid donors, and autologous donor. AIMS & OBJECTIVES:To understand the importance of Blood & its safe Transfusion practice in a Teaching Hospital. METHODOLOGY: An Observational study was conducted over a period of 12 months from January 2019 to December 2019 in a 750 –bedded Tertiary Care Hospital of Jammu(UT). OBSERVATIONS: In addition to providing Blood-Transfusion Services to the patients admitted in SMGS Hospital Jammu & Other Associated Hospitals of GMC Jammu, the Blood-Bank is also catering to the needs of Registered Private Nursing Homes & Hospitals of Jammu(UT).This Blood-Bank has exceptionally maintained a record of consuming the whole stock of Blood without wasting even a single pint of blood. DISCUSSION: The Aim of Blood Transfusion Services is to supply good Quality of Blood & its Components to the Patients & avoid any risk to the Donors as well as Recepients. Hence it is extremely essential to institute strict Quality Control Measures RECOMMENDATIONS: Recommended that Upgradation of Blood-Bank is essential to cater with the needs of Additional bed-strength that SMGS Hospital is going to acquire in the coming future.


Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 1141-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuoyan Ning ◽  
Brent Kerbel ◽  
Jeannie Callum ◽  
Yulia Lin

Abstract Introduction: Lumbar puncture (LP) is a frequently performed diagnostic and therapeutic intervention in adult oncology patients. While thrombocytopenia is common in this patient population, the minimum "safe" platelet count required for LPs is unknown. Recent guidelines from the AABB (American Association of Blood Banks) recommend a pre-procedure platelet count of 50 x 109/L. However this recommendation is largely based on expert opinion, and there remains a paucity of studies in the adult oncology literature to address this important question. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all oncology patients ≥18 years who underwent 1 or more LPs over a 2 year period at a single tertiary care institution to determine 1) the range of platelet counts at which LPs are performed; 2) the rate of traumatic taps; and 3) the rate of hemorrhagic complications. Laboratory, clinical, and transfusion information were extracted through the Laboratory Information System, chart review, and blood bank database, respectively. Thrombocytopenia was defined as a platelet count of < 150 x 109/L. Pre-LP platelet counts were those collected ≤24 hours from, and closest to the time of the LP. The following bleeding risk factors were documented: end stage renal disease; platelet dysfunction; von Willebrand disease; hemophilia. Anticoagulation, anti-platelet, and non-steroidal inflammatory use was also recorded, with accuracy limited by the study's retrospective nature. All patients with coagulopathy were excluded (INR ≥ 1.5, aPTT ≥ 40, fibrinogen ≤ 1.0). Traumatic tap was defined as 500 or more red blood cells per high-power field in the cerebrospinal fluid. A follow up of 1 week after LP was used to capture any hemorrhagic complications. Results: From January 2013 to December 2014, 135 oncology patients underwent 369 LPs; 64 (47.4%) patients were female, and the mean age was 59 years (range 20-87). 119 (88.1%) patients had a primary hematological diagnosis. 113 (30.6%) LPs were performed in thrombocytopenic patients. 28 (7.6%) procedures had a pre-procedure platelet count of ≤ 50 x 109/L, with 18 receiving a single platelet transfusion on the day of the LP. Of these 18 transfusions, only 1 had a post-transfusion platelet count available prior to LP with no improvement in platelet count (33 x 109/L). 15 transfusions had post-LP platelet counts within 24 hours of the transfusion (8 below 50 x 109/L with lowest 14 x 109/L), 1 had post-LP platelet count within 24-48 hours (54 x 109/L) and 1 did not have a post-transfusion platelet count. Traumatic taps occurred in 17 (15.0%) LPs in patient with thrombocytopenia, compared to 26 (11.0%) LPs in patients with a normal platelet count (fisher's exact test P=0.39). There was 1 traumatic tap in a patient with a pre-LP platelet count of ≤ 50 x 109/L; however, this patient received a pre-LP platelet transfusion for a platelet count of 42 x 109/L and had a post-LP platelet count of 66 x 109/L. Presence of bleeding risk factors did not increase the risk of a traumatic tap (present in 48.8% of traumatic taps vs. 88.3% of non-traumatic taps). There were no hemorrhagic complications. Conclusion: Among this cohort of adult oncology patients undergoing diagnostic and therapeutic LPs, there were no hemorrhagic complications. There was no significant increase in traumatic taps in patients with thrombocytopenia or bleeding risk factors. While platelet transfusions were frequently administered for patients with a platelet count of ≤ 50 x 109/L, post-transfusion platelet counts were infrequently assessed prior to the procedure. Our findings question whether a platelet transfusion threshold of 50 x 109/L is necessary for lumbar puncture.Table 1.Platelet Count Pre-LP(x109/L)Number of LPsNumber of Traumatic TapsNumber of Hemorrhagic Complications0-90N/AN/A10-2030021-5070051-1003380101-1495270> 150242270Unknown1400< 50 x 109/L and received platelet transfusion on day of LP181*0Total369430*There was one traumatic tap in a patient with a platelet count of 42 x 109/L who received a platelet transfusion pre-LP. The post transfusion platelet count was 66 x 109/L. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Author(s):  
Chirag A. Unagar ◽  
Snehal G. Patel ◽  
Kamal A. Patel ◽  
Amrish N. Pandya ◽  
Mayur A. Jarag ◽  
...  

Background: Platelet transfusion plays a key role in therapy for the patients with thrombocytopenia. Superiority of Single donor platelet (SDP) over Random donor platelet (RDP) transfusions is largely assumed, but unproven. Platelet Rich Plasma-Platelet concentrate (PRP-PC) and Apheresis-PC were prepared and their therapeutic efficacy were assessed in thrombocytopenic patients.Methods: This study included 60 transfusion episodes consisting of 30 SDP and 30 RDP (147units of RDP). The post transfusion efficacy of transfused platelets was assessed at 1 hour and 24 hours by corrected count increment (CCI) and percentage recovery (PR). Paired ‘t’-test was used for statistical analysis and a probability of p<0.05 was used to reject null hypothesis.Results: The mean platelet dose of SDP (n=30) and RDP (n=30) was 2.86±1.05 x 1011 and 2.36±0.54 x 1011 respectively. The mean platelet increments of SDP at 1 hour and 24 hours were 38±18.1 x 103/μl and 37.3±20.7x 103/μl. The mean platelet increments of RDP at 1 hour and 24 hours were 28.5±11.4 x 103/μl and 26 ±11.6 x 103/μl. The mean CCI of SDP at 1hour and 24 hours were 21.4 ±7.3 x 103/μl and 20.8±7.4 x 103/μl respectively. The mean CCI of RDP at 1hour and 24 hours were 18.5±6.3x 103/μl and 17.4±7.6 x 103/μl respectively.Conclusions: Post-transfusion increments were significantly higher in patients who received SDP as compared to RDP, but the CCI and PR were comparable in both groups of patients.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. A576-581
Author(s):  
Suzaan Shajil ◽  
Deepa Sowkur Anandarama Adiga ◽  
Debarshi Saha ◽  
Shrijeet Chakraborty ◽  
Ranjitha Rao

Background: Adequate and safe transfusion facility of blood and its components is necessary as blood transfusions are a part of life saving measures in medical and surgical emergencies. However, transfusion practice could result in non-fatal to fatal adverse transfusion reactions (ATR). Therefore, it is important to identify various adverse reactions so that steps can be taken to minimize such reactions and ensure safer transfusion being carried out. Methods: All ATRs reported to the blood bank from January 2013 to December 2016 were reviewed and analysed. The frequency of ATRs and its association with various component types were assessed. Result: During the study period, a total of 199106 units of blood were issued from the blood bank out of which there was an incidence of 77 (0.12%) transfusion reactions. Chills/rigors was the most common symptom (27.3%) of the symptomatic cases followed by pruritis (23.4%) Majority of the transfusion reaction were non haemolytic, 76 (98.7%) cases. One case was of haemolytic transfusion reaction. Among the non-haemolytic transfusion reactions, febrile non haemolytic transfusion reaction (FNHTR) constituted 28 (36.4%) and allergic reactions constituted 41(53.2%). Other transfusion reactions including hypotensive transfusion reaction (HTR), 1 (1.3%) case and transfusion associated dyspnoea (TAD), 6 (7.8%) cases were also seen. The frequency of ATRs was highest with packed red cells (PC) being 75.3% and least with platelet concentrate (PLTC) being 11.7%. Conclusion: The frequency of ATRs in our blood bank was found to be on a lower scale when compared to that of most of the similar studies. Allergic reactions and FNHTR were the most common ATRs seen, introduction of leukoreduction filters would help reduce FNHTRs.


Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (21) ◽  
pp. 2888-2888
Author(s):  
Sharon Tzadok ◽  
Anna Gurevich ◽  
Aida Inbal ◽  
Michal Bar-Natan ◽  
Ofir Wolach ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Refractoriness to platelet transfusion is prevalent among 15-25% of hemato-oncology patients. Refractoriness has been linked to inferior clinical outcomes, including bleeding and mortality, as well as higher health care costs. Suggested etiologies to refractoriness include both non-immune and immune causes. Methods to manage refractoriness include leuko-reduction, HLA- and HPA- matched platelets, use of ABO compatible transfusions and platelet cross-matching. Leuko-reduction has been proven to decrease the rates of allo-immunization and is widely used in hemato-oncology units. Other methods have demonstrated modest effectiveness in some studies, but some of these (HLA- and HPA- matched platelets) are not widely available. There are only a few reports in the literature of continuous platelet transfusion (CPT) as an alternative method for increasing post-transfusion platelet increments. Those reports prompted the current analysis of CPT in platelet refractory patients. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of CPT in producing satisfactory platelet increments in refractory patients compared to the standard care of routinely prepared single donor platelet transfusions. Patients and Methods: Patients included in this study were treated for hematological malignancies in our Institution between January 2007 and December 2013. A retrospective analysis of the increment of platelets achieved in refractory patients was performed. Refractoriness was defined as a corrected calculated increment (CCI) less than 10,000 platelets per micro-liter following two successive platelet transfusions. The CCI was calculated as PPI (post-transfusion platelet count minus pre-transfusion platelet count) x BSA (body surface area measured in square meters m2) x 1011/number of platelets transfused. All refractory patients included in this analysis received single donor platelet transfusions. The practice of CPT was adopted by us in March 2008. All refractory patients who received CPT between March 2008 and December 2013 were included. These patients received a continuous 24 hour transfusion of single donor platelet units, each dose given over 4 to 6 hours, comprising of 1.5 x 1011 platelets and equaling to half a single donor platelet unit. Their outcome was compared with that of our refractory patients treated with single donor transfusions in the routine manner, between January 2007 and March 2008 (i.e. before the introduction of CPT). The CCI was used to monitor the effectiveness of each platelet unit at 12 and 24 hours post-transfusion intervals. To account for prior antigen-exposure of the patients, we chose to include for each patient the 11th consecutive platelet transfusion. Factors known to contribute to the development of refractoriness, such as infection, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and splenomegaly were evaluated for impact on the CCI. The statistical analysis was generated using SAS Software, Version 9.4. Continuous variables were presented as mean ± STD, Categorical variables were presented by (N, %). t-tests and non-parametric Wilcoxon tests were used to compare the value of continuous variables between study groups. Results: Twenty eight patients with hematologic malignancies received at least eleven single-donor platelet transfusions during 2007-2013. Twenty one of the 28 patients received CPT due to refractoriness and seven patients were treated before the introduction of this approach. CPT resulted in a significantly higher post-transfusion mean increment at 24 hours (1.16 vs. 0.37, p<0.05). Increments were higher, albeit not significantly, at 12 hours post-transfusion in the CPT group (2.45 vs. 0.36, p=0.058). Patient's gender, age (younger than 35 years old versus older), renal failure, high grade fever, infection and DIC, splenomegaly or donor-recipient ABO compatibility were not found to significantly influence the increment. Conclusions: CPT results in significantly higher increments at 24 hours post-transfusion, and therefore suggest an effective approach to the treatment of platelet refractoriness in patients treated for hematological malignancies. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


2021 ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
Subhashis Chakraborty ◽  
Debarshi Jana

INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of thrombocytopenia varies according to a number of factors, like patient population and severity of underlying liver disease. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To determine prevalence of thrombocytopenia in CLD patients and correlation of platelet count with child and pugh scores. MATERIALAND METHOD: General Medicine ward and OPD of N.R.S.M.C.H. , Kolkata, All patients admitted with CLD in Medicine ward and those attending OPD of N.R.S.M.C.H. , Kolkata, One year, 101 (one hundred and one) CONCLUSION: We found that mean Platelet count was low in Severe Thrombocytopenia which was statistically signicant.


Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 1060-1060
Author(s):  
Eric Fountain ◽  
Gowthami M Arepally

Abstract Thrombocytopenia is common in patients admitted to the intensive care unit, with a reported prevalence of 8-68% and incidence of 13-44% in published series. Those who develop thrombocytopenia in an ICU have a statistically increased risk of ICU mortality, duration of mechanical ventilation, and platelet, RBC, and FFP transfusions. Few studies have examined the occurrence and risk factors for thrombocytopenia in non-ICU hospitalized patients. The only systematic investigation of thrombocytopenia in the non-ICU hospitalized medical population dates to 1989, predating modern diagnostic assays for a variety of infectious and drug-induced causes of thrombocytopenia. We, therefore, undertook this study to characterize the incidence and causes of thrombocytopenia in the general medical, non-ICU patient population at a tertiary care hospital. For this study, we performed a single-institutional retrospective analysis of patients admitted to a general medical ward at a tertiary care medical center (Duke University Hospital). Inclusion criteria included all adult patients (>18 years) admitted from the emergency department to the general medicine floors during the calendar year defined as 01/2014-01/2015. Exclusion criteria included pre-existing thrombocytopenia, ICU admission, or patients undergoing chemotherapy. Primary endpoints included patients with incident thrombocytopenia, defined as a platelet count on admission greater than 150 x 10^9/L with subsequent platelet counts decreasing to < 150 x 10^9/L. Patients meeting these criteria were evaluated for admission diagnosis, pertinent past medical history, cause of thrombocytopenia (infection, splenic sequestration, drugs, surgery, liver disease), cost of admission, and prognosis. Preliminary evaluation of patients admitted to the general medical service in 2014 reveals ~711 patients who meet inclusion criteria. Of patients developing absolute thrombocytopenia, 56% experienced a platelet count fall of greater than 30%. Those with incident thrombocytopenia greater than 30% had a statistically significant increase in mortality (n=36/399) compared to those with milder thrombocytopenia (n=13/312), (9.0% versus 4.2%, p<0.05), and had an increased length of stay (12.6 days versus 6.8 days, p<0.01). In patients who developed absolute thrombocytopenia, review of diagnosis codes associated with thrombocytopenia reveal a predominance of infectious etiologies (43%; sepsis, severe sepsis, septic shock, bacteremia, urinary tract infection/pyelonephritis, pneumonia, Clostridium difficile colitis). These results are similar to prior published data which suggests infection as a leading cause of incident thrombocytopenia in non-ICU hospitalized patients. Additional studies are underway to delineate non-infectious causes of thrombocytopenia. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 824
Author(s):  
S. Subash ◽  
D. Umesh

Background: In India, leukemia account for 25-35% of hematologic malignancies affecting children. Pediatric patients with acute leukemia have to undergo chemotherapy, which may cause protracted thrombocytopenia due to the cytotoxic effects of the drugs prescribed and due to the primary disease. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the need for platelet transfusion in leukemic children and to assess the effectiveness of platelet transfusion among them.  Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of transfusion medicine and hematology at a tertiary care teaching hospital for a period of one year. The study population included children diagnosed as acute leukemia in the age group 1-12 years. The transfusion was given depending upon the clinical sign of bleeding and the platelet count. The pre and post transfusion platelet count (24 hours after the transfusion) were estimated using hematology analyzer. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.  Results: 198 episodes of platelet transfusion were given to 30 children with acute leukemia. It was found for 95% CI of the mean between the pre and post-transfusion platelet count for single, double units and more than two units platelet transfusion, the rise in platelet count was significant (p<0.0001) and there was no refractoriness. All children were negative for transfusion transmissible infections at the end of the study.Conclusions: In the present study, the clinical management of children with acute leukemia has significantly improved with use of platelet transfusions and thereby, the mortality rate due to bleeding complications has dropped rapidly with remarkable clinical improvement in clinical outcomes.


2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Farida Parvin ◽  
Mohammed Abdul Quader ◽  
Daanish Arefin Biswas ◽  
Mohammed Ali ◽  
Bepasha Naznin ◽  
...  

Background: Transfusion of blood components and derivatives in day care unit is an eminent part of management of transfusion dependent patients. Day care transfusion service is an alternative to hospital admission and beneficial for those patients who receive blood more frequently for their survival. Objective: The aim of present study is to assess Transfusion Services provided in a Day Care Unit (DCU) of a tertiary care hospital. Methodology: This study was carried out in DCU of Transfusion Medicine Department, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, (BSMMU) at Dhaka during January 2014 to December 2014. Data were collected from record registers. Recorded retrospective data were analyzed as percentage and proportion. Results: Total recipients were 718. Among those 424 (59.05%) were male and 294 (40.95%) were female and 562 (78.27%) were between 10 to 40 years. A total of 8587 units of blood components were used during this period. Red Cell Concentrate was most commonly utilized product 6388 (74.39%) followed by Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) 1360 (15.83%), Platelet Concentrate 544 (6.33%), Whole blood 260 (3.05%) and Cryoprecipitate 35 (0.40%). Transfusion was required more frequently in thalassaemic 365(50.88%) patients. Haemophilia 77(10.72%) and aplastic anaemia patients 49 (6.82%) were next high. The main transfusion reaction observed during transfusion was febrile non-haemolytic reactions. Conclusion: For increasing use of specific blood product and hassle-free transfusion services this kind of day care unit services should be strengthened. Long term study of this kind will help us to develop safe clinical transfusion practice.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document