Global and regional estimates of cancer mortality and incidence by site: II. results for the global burden of disease 2000

Background: Gastric cancer has been one of the major causes of death in the past decades. It is the fifth most prevalent cancer and the third leading cause of neoplasm death worldwide. Thus, to know more about this health problem, assessing the burden of this cancer and its association with socioeconomic status of countries is of great importance. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the mean trend of gastric cancer mortality-to-incidence ratio (GCMIR) in different super regions defined by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) and investigate the relationship between GCMIR and Human Development Index (HDI) in the period 2000-2016. Methods: We used the data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2016 study to calculate GCMIR for 185 world countries in the period 2000–2016. We also extracted the HDI data for each year under study from the Updates of the UNDP website. To attain the analytic aims, marginal modeling and generalized estimating equations (GEE) were utilized. Results: Sub-Saharan Africa was the only super region with a positive slope of GCMIR, and high-income countries had the greatest decreasing slope of GCMIR during the study period. Moreover, there was a negative association between GCMIR and HDI in these years. Conclusion: Our findings revealed that gastric cancer could be thought not only as a biological disease but also as a social event that will be more controllable with the improvement of economic status and other social determinants of health.

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The impact of redistributing deaths by ill-defined and unspecified causes on cancer mortality in Brazil

10.21203/rs.3.rs-15493/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Alessandro Bigoni ◽

Amanda Ramos da Cunha ◽

José Leopoldo Ferreira Antunes

Keyword(s):

Burden Of Disease ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

World Health ◽

Global Burden Of Disease ◽

Mortality Data ◽

Global Burden ◽

World Population ◽

Cancer Type ◽

Ministry Of Health ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background The reliability of mortality data is a critical aspect of epidemiological studies on cancer. The under-registration of deaths, a high proportion of deaths classified as due to unspecified causes,4 and inadequate report of immediate or mediate conditions as the underlying cause of death are the main problems affecting the reliability of mortality data. Several statistical techniques to correct this problem were reported, resulting in a variety of methods for the same purpose. This study aims to discuss the impact on the magnitude and temporal trends of mortality of four different strategies of redistribution that have been used to assess cancer mortality in Brazil. Methods This study used anonymized georeferenced provided by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Four different approaches were used to perform the redistribution of ill-defined deaths and garbage codes. Age-standardized mortality rates used the world population as reference. Prais-Winsten autoregression allowed calculating trends for each region, sex and cancer type. Results Death rates increased considerably in all regions after performing the redistribution. Overall, the Elisabeth B. França and World Health Organization methods had a milder impact on trends and magnitudes of rates when compared to the method used in the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study. This study also observed that when the Brazilian Ministry of Health dealt with the problem of redistributing ill-defined deaths, the results were similar to those obtained by the Global Burden of Disease method. The redistribution methods also influenced the assessment of trends; however, differences in the annual percent change were less pronounced. Conclusions Given the impossibility of developing a gold standard method for comparison, the matching of global techniques with those that consider the local reality may be an alternative for methodology selection. In the present study, the compatibility of the findings suggests the validity of the Global Burden of Disease method as concerning the Brazilian context. However, caution is needed in this interpretation. Future studies should assess the impact of these methods as applied to the redistribution of deaths to type-specific neoplasms.

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ESOPHAGEAL CANCER MORTALITY IN BRAZIL: A TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS FROM THE GLOBAL BURDEN OF DISEASE STUDY

Arquivos de Gastroenterologia ◽

10.1590/s0004-2803.202100000-17 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 100-106

Author(s):

Max Moura de OLIVEIRA ◽

Igor Pereira Bertoncini SILVA ◽

Renato TEIXEIRA ◽

Deborah Carvalho MALTA ◽

Betine Pinto Moehlecke ISER

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Esophageal Cancer ◽

Mortality Rate ◽

Burden Of Disease ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Global Burden Of Disease ◽

Global Burden ◽

World Population ◽

Standardized Mortality Rate

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: In the world, around 450,000 new cases of esophageal cancer are diagnosed each year. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the trend of esophageal cancer mortality rates in Brazil between 1990-2017. METHODS: A time series study using data on mortality from esophageal cancer in residents ≥30 years in Brazil from 1990 to 2017. Data was estimated by the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study and analyzed according to sex, age group and federal unit of Brazil. The standardized rates according to age were calculated by the direct method using the standard GBD world population. Annual average percentage change and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated for mortality by Joinpoint regression. RESULTS: The age-standardized mortality rate in males was 20.6 in 1990 and 17.6/100,000 in 2017, increasing according to age, being 62.4 (1990) and 54.7 (2017) for ≥70 years. In women, the age-standardized mortality rate was 5.9 in 1990 and 4.2/100,000 in 2017. There was a reduction in mortality rates in all age groups and both sexes with great variation among the states. CONCLUSION: Despite the high mortality rates for esophageal cancer in Brazil, the trend was decreasing, but with regional differences. Mortality was around four times higher in men.

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