scholarly journals ESOPHAGEAL CANCER MORTALITY IN BRAZIL: A TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS FROM THE GLOBAL BURDEN OF DISEASE STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
Max Moura de OLIVEIRA ◽  
Igor Pereira Bertoncini SILVA ◽  
Renato TEIXEIRA ◽  
Deborah Carvalho MALTA ◽  
Betine Pinto Moehlecke ISER
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
World Population ◽  
Standardized Mortality Rate

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: In the world, around 450,000 new cases of esophageal cancer are diagnosed each year. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the trend of esophageal cancer mortality rates in Brazil between 1990-2017. METHODS: A time series study using data on mortality from esophageal cancer in residents ≥30 years in Brazil from 1990 to 2017. Data was estimated by the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study and analyzed according to sex, age group and federal unit of Brazil. The standardized rates according to age were calculated by the direct method using the standard GBD world population. Annual average percentage change and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated for mortality by Joinpoint regression. RESULTS: The age-standardized mortality rate in males was 20.6 in 1990 and 17.6/100,000 in 2017, increasing according to age, being 62.4 (1990) and 54.7 (2017) for ≥70 years. In women, the age-standardized mortality rate was 5.9 in 1990 and 4.2/100,000 in 2017. There was a reduction in mortality rates in all age groups and both sexes with great variation among the states. CONCLUSION: Despite the high mortality rates for esophageal cancer in Brazil, the trend was decreasing, but with regional differences. Mortality was around four times higher in men.

scholarly journals The impact of redistributing deaths by ill-defined and unspecified causes on cancer mortality in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Bigoni ◽  
Amanda Ramos da Cunha ◽  
José Leopoldo Ferreira Antunes
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
World Population ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The reliability of mortality data is a critical aspect of epidemiological studies on cancer. The under-registration of deaths, a high proportion of deaths classified as due to unspecified causes,4 and inadequate report of immediate or mediate conditions as the underlying cause of death are the main problems affecting the reliability of mortality data. Several statistical techniques to correct this problem were reported, resulting in a variety of methods for the same purpose. This study aims to discuss the impact on the magnitude and temporal trends of mortality of four different strategies of redistribution that have been used to assess cancer mortality in Brazil. Methods This study used anonymized georeferenced provided by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Four different approaches were used to perform the redistribution of ill-defined deaths and garbage codes. Age-standardized mortality rates used the world population as reference. Prais-Winsten autoregression allowed calculating trends for each region, sex and cancer type. Results Death rates increased considerably in all regions after performing the redistribution. Overall, the Elisabeth B. França and World Health Organization methods had a milder impact on trends and magnitudes of rates when compared to the method used in the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study. This study also observed that when the Brazilian Ministry of Health dealt with the problem of redistributing ill-defined deaths, the results were similar to those obtained by the Global Burden of Disease method. The redistribution methods also influenced the assessment of trends; however, differences in the annual percent change were less pronounced. Conclusions Given the impossibility of developing a gold standard method for comparison, the matching of global techniques with those that consider the local reality may be an alternative for methodology selection. In the present study, the compatibility of the findings suggests the validity of the Global Burden of Disease method as concerning the Brazilian context. However, caution is needed in this interpretation. Future studies should assess the impact of these methods as applied to the redistribution of deaths to type-specific neoplasms.

Examination of incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years and risk factors of breast cancer in 49 Asian countries, 1990–2019: estimates from Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Standardized Mortality Rate

Abstract Background This study presents an up-to-date, comprehensive and comparative examination of breast cancer’s temporal patterns in females in Asia in last three decades. Methods The estimates of incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted-life-years and risk factors of breast cancer in females in 49 Asian countries were retrieved from Global Burden of Disease 2019 study. Results In Asia, female breast cancer incidence grew from 245 045[226 259–265 260] in 1990 to 914 878[815 789–1025 502] in 2019 with age-standardized incidence rate rising from 21.2/100 000[19.6–22.9] to 35.9/100 000[32.0–40.2] between 1990 and 2019. The death counts more than doubled from 136 665[126 094–148 380] to 337 822[301 454–375 251]. The age-standardized mortality rate rose marginally between 1990 and 2019 (1990: 12.1[11.0–13.1]; 2019: 13.4[12.0–14.9]). In 2019, age-standardized incidence rate varied from 17.2/100 000[13.95–21.4] in Mongolia to 122.5[92.1–160.7] in Lebanon and the age-standardized mortality rate varied 4-fold from 8.0/100 000 [7.2–8.8] in South Korea to 51.9[39.0–69.8] in Pakistan. High body mass index (5.6%), high fasting plasma glucose (5.6%) and secondhand smoke (3.5%) were the main contributory risk factors to all-age disability-adjusted-life-years due to breast cancer in Asia. Conclusion With growing incidence, escalating dietary and behavioural risk factors and lower survival rates due to late-disease presentation in low- and medium-income countries of Asia, breast cancer has become a significant public health threat. Its rising burden calls for increasing breast cancer awareness, preventive measures, early-stage detection and cost-effective therapeutics in Asia.

Burden of high sodium diet in Brazilian population: Global Burden of Disease 2017 estimates

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Machado ◽  
L Guedes ◽  
M Felisbino-Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Population Attributable Fraction ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Brazilian Population ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Sodium Diet ◽  
Life Years ◽  
High Sodium Diet

Abstract High-sodium diet leads to significant health problems such as high blood pressure, chronic kidney disease, ventricular hypertrophy and stroke. In Brazil, 2008 survey data have shown an average intake of 4.7 g/day of sodium, equivalent to 12 g/day of salt. In 2014, the average ofsalt intake estimated was 9.3 g/day. In both surveys, the numbers are higher than the international recommendation of 5g/day of salt. Considering this excessive consumption and the invisibility of the major consequences of such lifestyle, the aim of this study was to estimate the burden of diseases due to a high-sodium diet in Brazil. We used the high-sodium diet attributable disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and deaths estimates of the Global Burden of Disease study in 2017 among Brazilian. The burden of high-sodium diet was assessed using a comparative risk assessment approach, which allows the calculation of the population attributable fraction of each disease that has an established relation with this behavior. Input data from Brazil to reach such estimates have included surveys that report the dietary sodium. Data on disease occurrence and mortality were obtained from health information systems and health surveys. In 2017, high-sodium diet contributed with a significant number of deaths (51,434, 95% U.I.: 9,266-105,118) and DALYs (988,258, 95% U.I.: 139,943-2,149,179) in Brazil. The states of Northern Region presented lower mortality rates (Roraima: 11.1/100,000; 95% U.I.: 1.5-24.0 and Amapa: 10.6/100,000; 1.5-23.5), while those in the Southeast have higher mortality rates (Rio de Janeiro: 33.2/100,000; 95% U.I.: 5.4-68.1 and São Paulo: 32.0/100,000; 95% U.I.: 3.5-49.6). The same pattern by states was observed for DALYs. These findings are significant and support the urgent necessity of strategies to reinforce the promotion of a healthy diet, restricted in ultra-processed foods high in sodium, among the Brazilian population in order to prevent early morbidity and mortality. Key messages Salt consumption in Brazil is high and contributes to a significant number of deaths and DALYs. It is necessary to increase and reinforce actions that promote the Brazilian traditional food, such as the Brazilian Food Guide, and also the sodium reduction agreements with industries.

scholarly journals Trends and risk factors of mortality and disability adjusted life years for chronic respiratory diseases from 1990 to 2017: systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

BMJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. m234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaochen Li ◽  
Xiaopei Cao ◽  
Mingzhou Guo ◽  
Min Xie ◽  
Xiansheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Disease Study

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the temporal and spatial trends of mortality and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) due to chronic respiratory diseases, by age and sex, across the world during 1990-2017 using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.DesignSystematic analysis.Data sourceThe Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017.MethodsMortality and DALYs from chronic respiratory diseases were estimated from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 using DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool. The estimated annual percentage change of the age standardised mortality rate was calculated using a generalised linear model with a Gaussian distribution. Mortality and DALYs were stratified according to the Socio-demographic index. The strength and direction of the association between the Socio-demographic index and mortality rate were measured using the Spearman rank order correlation. Risk factors for chronic respiratory diseases were analysed from exposure data.ResultsBetween 1990 and 2017, the total number of deaths due to chronic respiratorydiseases increased by 18.0%, from 3.32 (95% uncertainty interval 3.01 to 3.43) million in 1990 to 3.91 (3.79 to 4.04) million in 2017. The age standardised mortality rate of chronic respiratory diseases decreased by an average of 2.41% (2.28% to 2.55%) annually. During the 27 years, the annual decline in mortality rates of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; 2.36%, uncertainty interval 2.21% to 2.50%) and pneumoconiosis (2.56%, 2.44% to 2.68%) has been slow, whereas the mortality rate for interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis (0.97%, 0.92% to 1.03%) has increased. Reductions in DALYs for asthma and pneumoconiosis have been seen, but DALYs due to COPD, and interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis have increased. Mortality and the annual change in mortality rate due to chronic respiratory diseases varied considerably across 195 countries. Assessment of the factors responsible for regional variations in mortality and DALYs and the unequal distribution of improvements during the 27 years showed negative correlations between the Socio-demographic index and the mortality rates of COPD, pneumoconiosis, and asthma. Regions with a low Socio-demographic index had the highest mortality and DALYs. Smoking remained the major risk factor for mortality due to COPD and asthma. Pollution from particulate matter was the major contributor to deaths from COPD in regions with a low Socio-demographic index. Since 2013, a high body mass index has become the principal risk factor for asthma.ConclusionsRegions with a low Socio-demographic index had the greatest burden of disease. The estimated contribution of risk factors (such as smoking, environmental pollution, and a high body mass index) to mortality and DALYs supports the need for urgent efforts to reduce exposure to them.

scholarly journals Global and regional estimates of cancer mortality and incidence by site: II. results for the global burden of disease 2000

BMC Cancer ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Shibuya ◽  
Colin D Mathers ◽  
Cynthia Boschi-Pinto ◽  
Alan D Lopez ◽  
Christopher JL Murray
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Regional Estimates

scholarly journals Mapping the Trends in Esophageal Cancer Disease Burden in the United States: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Lu ◽  
Jintao Zhan ◽  
Xiguang Liu ◽  
Xiaoying Dong ◽  
Siyang Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Cancer Disease ◽  
Life Years

Abstract Background: Esophageal cancer is the 7th leading cancer globally and the 10th leading cancer in the United States. However, it is has received limited attention over more common malignancies. Only a few studies have comprehensively assessed disease burden from esophageal cancer in the United States (US). Methods: Using states-categorized data on incidence, mortality, and Disability-adjusted Life Years (DALYs), this study analyzed the current trends in esophageal cancer disease burden. Data and risk factor indicators were obtained from Global Burden of Disease (GBD) online resource and used to determine annual relative change. Results: We report here that between 1990 and 2017, the number of esophageal cancer new cases, deaths and DALYs in the US increased significantly, while the Age-standardized Rate (ASR) of disease incidence remained constant. During the same time, disease burden from esophageal cancer in males was higher than that in females. Economically stronger states trend to had lesser disease burden from esophageal cancer. Smoking and alcohol use contributed most of the burden while influence of high body-mass index and diet low in fruits grew largely. Conclusions: This study provided an analysis of esophageal cancer disease burden in the United States that will inform the design of targeted strategies for disease prevention tailored to different states.

scholarly journals Burden of esophageal cancer in Iran during 1995-2015: Review of findings from the Global Burden of Disease studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 321-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hojjat Rahmani ◽  
Ali Sarabi Asiabar ◽  
Somayeh Niakan ◽  
Seyed Yaser Hashemi ◽  
Ahmad Faramarzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden

scholarly journals Association between Gastric Cancer Mortality-to-Incidence Ratio and Human Development Index: Evidence from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 869-875
Author(s):  
Maryam Nouri ◽  
Farid Zayeri ◽  
Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari ◽  
Maryam Khayamzadeh ◽  
Farid Moradian
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Development Index

Background: Gastric cancer has been one of the major causes of death in the past decades. It is the fifth most prevalent cancer and the third leading cause of neoplasm death worldwide. Thus, to know more about this health problem, assessing the burden of this cancer and its association with socioeconomic status of countries is of great importance. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the mean trend of gastric cancer mortality-to-incidence ratio (GCMIR) in different super regions defined by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) and investigate the relationship between GCMIR and Human Development Index (HDI) in the period 2000-2016. Methods: We used the data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2016 study to calculate GCMIR for 185 world countries in the period 2000–2016. We also extracted the HDI data for each year under study from the Updates of the UNDP website. To attain the analytic aims, marginal modeling and generalized estimating equations (GEE) were utilized. Results: Sub-Saharan Africa was the only super region with a positive slope of GCMIR, and high-income countries had the greatest decreasing slope of GCMIR during the study period. Moreover, there was a negative association between GCMIR and HDI in these years. Conclusion: Our findings revealed that gastric cancer could be thought not only as a biological disease but also as a social event that will be more controllable with the improvement of economic status and other social determinants of health.

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