scholarly journals Ruminal microbe of biohydrogenation of trans-vaccenic acid to stearic acid in vitro

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Li ◽  
Jia Wang ◽  
Deng Bu
Keyword(s):  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Trans Vaccenic Acid

scholarly journals Eicosapentaenoic acid and 3,10 dithia stearic acid inhibit the desaturation of trans-vaccenic acid into cis-9, trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid through different pathways in Caco-2 and T84 cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 688-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renaville Bénédicte ◽  
Anne Mullen ◽  
Fiona Moloney ◽  
Yvan Larondelle ◽  
Yves-Jacques Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
T84 Cells ◽  
Key Enzyme

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is a key enzyme that determines the composition and metabolic fate of ingested fatty acids, in particular the conversion of trans-vaccenic acid (TVA) to conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). The present study addressed the hypothesis that intestinal TVA absorption and biotransformation into CLA can be modulated by EPA and 3,10-dithia stearic acid (DSA) via altered SCD mRNA levels and desaturation indices (cis-9, trans-11-CLA:TVA and oleic acid:stearic acid ratios) in Caco-2 and T84 cells, two well-established in vitro models of the human intestinal epithelium. The study determined the effect of acute (3h with 0·3mm-EPA or 0·3mm-DSA) and acute-on-chronic (1 week with 0·03mm-EPA or -DSA, followed by respectively, 0·3mm-EPA or -DSA for 3h) treatments. In both cell lines, acute EPA treatment did not alter SCD desaturation indices, whereas the acute-on-chronic treatment affected these surrogate markers of SCD activity. This was associated with reduced sterol regulatory-element binding protein-1c and SCD mRNA levels. In contrast, acute and acute-on-chronic DSA treatments significantly reduced SCD desaturation indices without affecting SCD mRNA levels in Caco-2 cells. The present study on intestinal cells shows that the conversion rate of TVA to c9, t11-CLA is affected by other fatty acids present in the diet such as EPA, confirming previous observations in hepatic and mammary cell models.

scholarly journals Lipid metabolism in the perfused chicken liver. The uptake and metabolism of oleic acid, elaidic acid, cis-vaccenic acid, trans-vaccenic acid and stearic acid

1970 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bickerstaffe ◽  
E. F. Annison
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Chicken Liver ◽  
Octadecenoic Acids ◽  
Cis And Trans ◽  
Uptake And Metabolism ◽  
Trans Vaccenic Acid

Comparative studies were made of the uptake and metabolism of cis- and trans-octadecenoic acids by the perfused chicken liver. No differences were observed in the rates of uptake of the isomers. There was considerable incorporation of radioactivity into triglycerides and phospholipids, and some release of labelled lipid into the perfusate was observed. The cis-fatty acids were more readily incorporated into triglycerides than phospholipids, the reverse being true of the trans-fatty acids. Examination of the intramolecular distribution of fatty acids in triglycerides showed that the trans-fatty acid and stearate mainly occupied the 1- and 3-positions, and cis-fatty acids the 2-position. In the phospholipids phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine the trans-fatty acids again behaved like stearic acid and favoured the 1-position. No evidence was obtained of atypical patterns of uptake or metabolism of the trans-fatty acids.

scholarly journals Metabolites Secreted by Bovine Embryos In Vitro Predict Pregnancies That the Recipient Plasma Metabolome Cannot, and Vice Versa

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Enrique Gomez ◽  
Nuria Canela ◽  
Pol Herrero ◽  
Adrià Cereto ◽  
Isabel Gimeno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Hippuric Acid ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Capric Acid ◽  
Glyceryl Monostearate ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Hydrocinnamic Acid

This work describes the use of mass spectrometry-based metabolomics as a non-invasive approach to accurately predict birth prior to embryo transfer (ET) starting from embryo culture media and plasma recipient. Metabolomics was used here as a predictive platform. Day-6 in vitro produced embryos developed singly in modified synthetic oviduct fluid culture medium (CM) drops for 24 h were vitrified as Day-7 blastocysts and transferred to recipients. Day-0 and Day-7 recipient plasma (N = 36 × 2) and CM (N = 36) were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to the quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (GC-qTOF). Metabolites quantified in CM and plasma were analyzed as a function to predict pregnancy at Day-40, Day-62, and birth (univariate and multivariate statistics). Subsequently, a Boolean matrix (F1 score) was constructed with metabolite pairs (one from the embryo, and one from the recipient) to combine the predictive power of embryos and recipients. Validation was performed in independent cohorts of ETs analyzed. Embryos that did not reach birth released more stearic acid, capric acid, palmitic acid, and glyceryl monostearate in CM (i.e., (p < 0.05, FDR < 0.05, Receiver Operator Characteristic—area under curve (ROC-AUC)> 0.669). Within Holstein recipients, hydrocinnamic acid, alanine, and lysine predicted birth (ROC-AUC > 0.778). Asturiana de los Valles recipients that reached birth showed lower concentrations of 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, stearic acid, palmitic acid, and hippuric acid (ROC-AUC > 0.832). Embryonal capric acid and glyceryl-monostearate formed F1 scores generally >0.900, with metabolites found both to differ (e.g., hippuric acid, hydrocinnamic acid) or not (e.g., heptadecanoic acid, citric acid) with pregnancy in plasmas, as hypothesized. Efficient lipid metabolism in the embryo and the recipient can allow pregnancy to proceed. Changes in phenolics from plasma suggest that microbiota and liver metabolism influence the pregnancy establishment in cattle.

Stearic Acid-g-chitosan Polymeric Micelle for Oral Drug Delivery: In Vitro Transport and in Vivo Absorption

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Yuan ◽  
Lin-Juan Lu ◽  
Yong-Zhong Du ◽  
Fu-Qiang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Oral Drug Delivery ◽  
Polymeric Micelle ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
In Vivo Absorption

Methotrexate Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) for Effective Treatment of Carcinoma

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 2991-2995 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ruckmani ◽  
M. Sivakumar ◽  
P. A. Ganeshkumar
Keyword(s):  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Solid Lipid ◽  
Soya Lecithin ◽  
Release Drug ◽  
Antitumour Drugs ◽  
Sodium Taurodeoxycholate ◽  
Average Size

Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) containing Methotrexate (MTX), an anticancer drug for intravenous administration was formulated and characterized. The SLN dispersions with MTX, stearic acid, and soya lecithin in the ratio of 1:4:1, 1:4:1.5, and 1:4:2, sodium taurodeoxycholate and distilled water were prepared by micro emulsification solidification method. The results show that the prepared MTX-SLN particles (with MTX–Stearic acid–Soya lecithin—1:4:2) have an average size of 270 nm with 51.3% drug entrapment. The in vitro-release was attained up to 15th h. The pharmacokinetic studyreveals that the half-life and MRT of SLNs were higher than MTX solution. The life span of EAC (Ehrlich Ascite Carcinoma) bearing mice was increased when treated with MTX-SLNs (Methotrexate nanoparticles). These results clearly indicate that SLNs are a promising sustained release drug targeting system for lipophilic antitumour drugs.

scholarly journals Effect of Milk Intake, Its Composition, and Fatty Acid Profile Distribution on Live Weight of Suckling Wallachian Lambs until Their Weaning

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Ptáček ◽  
Michal Milerski ◽  
Luděk Stádník ◽  
Jaromír Ducháček ◽  
Vladimír Tančin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Profile Distribution ◽  
Production Increase ◽  
Daily Milk Production ◽  
Trans Vaccenic Acid

This study determined effects of milk production, milk components, or fatty acids (FA) profile on live weight of suckling lambs till their weaning. Live weight (LW, kg) of 42 purebred Wallachian lambs (from 33 ewes) was recorded during four control days with approximately 30-day intervals during rearing. At the same time, their mothers were examined for milk production (kg), milk fat (g), proteins (g), lactose (g), and fatty acids (%) contents. Results investigated using linear regression analysis showed 5.93 kg (p < 0.05) increase of lambs LW corresponded with 1 kg of ewe’s daily milk production increase during the observed period. Similarly, significant 0.13 kg or 0.11 kg increases of lambs live weight corresponded with 1 g increase of milk protein or milk lactose at this time. Milk with higher prevalence of trans-palmitoleic acid, trans-vaccenic acid, cis-vaccenic acid, linolelaidic acid, linoleic acid, or conjugated linolenic acid (CLA) significantly improved lambs LW. Moreover, significantly positive Pearson partial correlation between LW and trans-vaccenic acid (r = 0.305) or CLA (r = 0.347) indicated on genetic correlation between these traits. Therefore, milk (natural or artificially supplied) with higher distribution of these specified FAs could improve lambs’ LW.

Oxidation of alpha 1-protease inhibitor: role of lipid peroxidation products

1989 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 2211-2215 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mohsenin ◽  
J. L. Gee
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Inhibitory Capacity ◽  
Buffer Control

Previously we demonstrated that in vivo exposure of humans to NO2 resulted in significant inactivation of alpha 1-protease inhibitor (alpha 1-PI) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. However, alpha 1-PI retains its elastase inhibitory activity in vitro when exposed to 10 times the concentration of NO2 used in vivo. We suggested exogenous oxidants such as O2 and NO2 exert their effect in vivo in part through lipid peroxidation. We investigated the mechanism of inactivation of alpha 1-PI in the presence or absence of lipids under oxidant atmosphere. alpha 1-PI in solutions containing phosphate buffer (control), 0.1 mM stearic acid (saturated fatty acid, 18:0), or 0.1 mM linoleic acid (polyunsaturated fatty acid, 18:2) was exposed to either N2 or NO2 (50 ppm for 4 h). Elastase inhibitory capacity of alpha 1-PI was significantly diminished in the presence of 0.1 mM linoleic acid and under NO2 atmosphere (75 +/- 8% of control, P less than 0.01), whereas there was no change in elastase inhibitory capacity of alpha 1-PI in the presence or absence (buffer only) of 0.1 mM stearic acid under a similar condition (109 +/- 11 and 94 +/- 6%, respectively). The inactivated alpha 1-PI as the result of peroxidized lipid could be reactivated by dithiothreitol and methionine sulfoxide peptide reductase, suggesting oxidation of methionine residue at the elastase inhibitory site. Furthermore the inhibitory effect of peroxidized lipid on alpha 1-PI could be prevented by glutathione and glutathione peroxidase and to some extent by alpha-tocopherol.

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