Potential Anticancer Activities of Rhus coriaria (sumac) extract against human cancer cell lines

Therapeutic strategies of plant origin are a better choice as both dietary plant products or its isolated active constituents against the development and progression of cancer. This study aims to evaluate the anticancer activity of sumac (Rhus coriaria) against different human cancer MCF-7, PC-3, and SKOV3cell lines. In addition, the study tries to explore a prospective mechanism of action, assessment of in vitro enzyme-inhibitory capacity of sumac extract against hCA I, II, IX and XII. In this study, the potential antitumor effects of sumac (Rhus coriaria) were explored in the human cancer cell lines; MCF-7, PC-3, and SKOV3 using in vitro assays. Apoptotic, cell survival, ELISA immunoassays were also conducted to reveal the inhibi­tory effects of sumac extract against hCA I, II, IX and XII. In addition, both Clioquinol and Acetazolamide were used as standards to explore the in vitro enzyme-inhibitory capacity of sumac extract against hCA I, II, IX, and XII. The hydro-alcoholic extract of Rhus coriaria (Sumac) subjected to phytochemical analysis using GC/MS assays. Sumac at non-cytotoxic doses of 50 µM, and 100 µM significantly modulate the growth of the MCF-7, PC-3, and SKOV3 cancer cell with a higher inhibitory effect and selectivity to carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoforms; hCA I, II, hCA IX, and XII. The data showed that sumac at doses of 50 µM, and 100 µM significantly inhibited the growth, proliferation, and viability of cancer cells by activating the apoptotic process via caspase‑3 overexpression and the regulation of Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic protein.

Allelopathic Effects of Three Herb Species on Phytophthora cinnamomi, a Pathogen Causing Severe Oak Decline in Mediterranean Wood Pastures

The ability of three herbaceous plants (Diplotaxis tenuifolia (L.) DC., Eruca vesicaria L. and Raphanus raphanistrum L.) from Iberian wood pastures to reduce Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands pathogen populations through allelopathic relationships is studied. The inhibitory capacity of their aqueous root extracts (AREs) on mycelial growth and production of P. cinnamomi reproductive structures is analysed in vitro. In addition, Quercus seedlings were grown in infested by P. cinnamomi-soils and with the presence or absence of allelopathic and susceptible herb species to the pathogen to assess the defensive chemical response of Quercus seedlings through their leaf phenolic compounds. Results show a strong inhibitory capacity of AREs on P. cinnamomi activity in vitro and a protective effect of these herb species on Quercus plants against P. cinnamomi in vivo. D. tenuifolia would be especially suited for biological control in the pathogen suppression.

Functional Properties of Tilapia Collagen, a Systematic Review Propriedades

This systematic review aimed to list the functional properties attributed to collagen obtained from tilapia in scientific studies. The results showed that the antioxidant property is related to the form in which the collagen is presented and the method of antioxidant activity evaluation. It was observed a greater antioxidant activity in the collagen hydrolysate extract obtained from the skin, which plays an important role in the skin chronological aging and in the inhibitory capacity of the photoaging. The functional properties of tilapia collagen hydrolysate should be the object of future analysis in order to complement this research, before integrating them into the list of food or ingredients applicable to the food industry.