scholarly journals High prevalence of human cytomegalovirus in carotid atherosclerotic plaques obtained from Russian patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy

Herpesviridae ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koon-Chu Yaiw ◽  
Olga Ovchinnikova ◽  
Chato Taher ◽  
Abdul-Aleem Mohammad ◽  
Belghis Davoudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
High Prevalence

scholarly journals Plant Sterols in Serum and in Atherosclerotic Plaques of Patients Undergoing Carotid Endarterectomy

2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 1794-1801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatu A. Miettinen ◽  
Mikael Railo ◽  
Mauri Lepäntalo ◽  
Helena Gylling
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Plant Sterols ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques

Novel Strategy of the Determination of Mechanical Properties of Human Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renate W. Boekhoven ◽  
Richard G. P. Lopata ◽  
Marcel C. M. Rutten ◽  
Marc R. H. M. van Sambeek ◽  
Frans N. van de Vosse
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
Novel Strategy ◽  
Unstable Plaques ◽  
Set Up

Carotid endarterectomy is the procedure of choice in patients with a recent symptomatic stenosis of 70–99%. Currently, the selection of candidates eligible for carotid endarterectomy is based on stenosis size only. However, the treatment is only beneficial for patients with unstable plaques, which comprises only 16% of the patient population [1]. Hence, identifying plaque stability at an early stage would permit timely intervention, while substantially reducing overtreatment of stable plaques. The objective of this study is to distinguish between stable and unstable carotid atherosclerotic plaques by determining the plaque geometry, the plaque composition and the mechanical properties of plaque components in three dimensions (3D). Mechanical properties from healthy vessels were assessed earlier by van den Broek et al. [2] using ultrasound (US) imaging. They obtained a dynamic dataset in 2D + t. When blood pressure and vessel wall movement are known, mechanical properties can be extracted from these data using a constitutive model. However, atherosclerotic plaques are mostly asymmetric, and present calcifications will cause unfavorable acoustic shadowing when using US. In this study, the focus is on the assessment of plaque geometry, from in vitro echo-CT data, overcoming the aforementioned problems. In an experimental set-up (Fig. 1) both healthy and endarterectomy specimens were mounted, and exposed to physiological intraluminal pressures. Echo-CT was used to image the arterial segments in 3D+t. Automated geometry assessment of the arterial segments will be demonstrated and validated using microCT (μCT).

In Vitro Three Dimensional Imaging of Human Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques Using Ultrasonography

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renate W. Boekhoven ◽  
Marcel C. M. Rutten ◽  
Marc R. H. M. van Sambeek ◽  
Frans N. van de Vosse
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Unstable Plaques ◽  
Human Carotid ◽  
Selection Of

Ruptured atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid artery are the main cause of stroke (70–80%). To prevent it, carotid endarterectomy is the procedure of choice in patients with a recent symptomatic 70–99% stenosis. Today, the selection of candidates is based on stenosis size only. However, endarterectomy is beneficial for only 1 out of 6 patients [1], the patients with unstable plaques (Fig. 1). Knowledge of mechanical properties of different components in the atherosclerotic arteries is important, because it will allow the identification of plaque stability at an early stage.

scholarly journals High prevalence of human cytomegalovirus in a population of periodontally healthy subjects

2010 ◽  
pp. e292-e296 ◽  
Author(s):  
PL. Foglio-Bonda ◽  
M. Gabriele ◽  
F. Graziani ◽  
M. De Andrea ◽  
M. Mondini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
High Prevalence

High Prevalence of Human Cytomegalovirus in Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Prostatic Carcinoma

2003 ◽  
Vol 170 (3) ◽  
pp. 998-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
MINU SAMANTA ◽  
LUALHATI HARKINS ◽  
KATRIN KLEMM ◽  
WILLIAM J. BRITT ◽  
CHARLES S. COBBS
Keyword(s):  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Prostatic Carcinoma ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
High Prevalence

scholarly journals The Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the Expression of MMP-9 Protein in the Analysis of Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques in Patients Undergoing Carotid Endarterectomy: A Prospective Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davorin Sef ◽  
Milan Milosevic ◽  
Marin Ostric ◽  
Tomislav Mestrovic ◽  
Bojan Jernej ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Unstable Plaque ◽  
Prospective Pilot Study ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients

Components of carotid atherosclerotic plaque can be analysed preoperatively by non-invasive advanced imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 protein (MMP-9), which has a potential role in remodelling of atherosclerotic plaques, can be analysed immunohistochemically. The aim of the present prospective pilot study is to analyse histological characteristics and expression of MMP-9 in carotid plaques of patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and to investigate the correlation with preoperative clinical symptoms and MRI features. Preoperative clinical assessment, MRI imaging, postoperative histological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed. Fifteen patients with symptomatic (7/15; 47%) and asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis undergoing CEA were included. Among symptomatic patients, 5 (71%) had recent stroke and 2 (29%) had recent transient ischaemic attack with a median timing of 6 weeks (IQR:1, 18) before the surgery. Both groups did not significantly differ in respect to preoperative characteristics. Prevalence of unstable plaque was higher in symptomatic than asymptomatic patients, although it was not significant (63% vs. 37%, p=0.077). The expression of MMP-9 in CD68 cells within the plaque by semiquantitative analysis was found to be significantly higher in symptomatic as compared to asymptomatic patients (86% vs. 25% with the highest expression, p=0.014). The average microvascular density was found to be higher and lipid core area larger among both symptomatic patients and unstable carotid plaque specimens, although this did not reach statistical significance (p=0.064 and p=0.132, p=0.360 and p=0.569, respectively). Our results demonstrate that MRI is reliable in classifying carotid lesions and differentiating unstable from stable plaques. We have also shown that the expression of MMP-9 is significantly higher among symptomatic patients undergoing CEA. Trial Registration: This study has been registered at the ISRCTN registry (ID ISRCTN46536832), isrctn.org Identifier: https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN46536832 Keywords: atherosclerosis, carotid endarterectomy, unstable plaque, magnetic resonance imaging, matrix metalloproteinase.

scholarly journals Presence of the Human Cytomegalovirus in Glioblastomas—A Systematic Review

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 5051
Author(s):  
Inti Peredo-Harvey ◽  
Afsar Rahbar ◽  
Cecilia Söderberg-Nauclér
Keyword(s):  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dismal Prognosis ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Immunohistochemical Techniques

Glioblastoma is a malignant brain tumor with a dismal prognosis. The standard treatment has not changed in the past 15 years as clinical trials of new treatment protocols have failed. A high prevalence of the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in glioblastomas was first reported in 2002. The virus was found only in the tumor and not in the surrounding healthy brain tissue. Many groups have confirmed the presence of the HCMV in glioblastomas, but others could not. To resolve this discrepancy, we systematically reviewed 645 articles identified in different databases. Of these, 81 studies included results from 247 analyses of 9444 clinical samples (7024 tumor samples and 2420 blood samples) by different techniques, and 81 articles included 191 studies that identified the HCMV in 2529 tumor samples (36% of all tumor samples). HCMV proteins were often detected, whereas HCMV nucleic acids were not reliably detected by PCR methods. Optimized immunohistochemical techniques identified the virus in 1391 (84,2%) of 1653 samples. These data suggest that the HCMV is highly prevalent in glioblastomas and that optimized immunohistochemistry techniques are required to detect it.

scholarly journals CT-pathologic correlation of non-calcified atherosclerotic arterial plaques: a study using carotid endarterectomy specimens

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (1109) ◽  
pp. 20190901
Author(s):  
Masahiro Higashi ◽  
Naoaki Yamada ◽  
Satoshi Imakita ◽  
Chikao Yutani ◽  
Hatsue Ishibashi-Ueda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Hounsfield Unit ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
Discrimination Ability ◽  
Pathologic Features ◽  
Lower Accuracy ◽  
Contrast Ct

Objective: Pathologic features of atherosclerotic plaques on CT are not established. We compared CT values among pathologically confirmed plaque constituents and evaluated their ability to distinguish plaque constituents. Methods: 50 histopathological images of carotid endarterectomy samples from 10 males and 2 females (age 54–74 years, average 65.9 years) were examined. We compared pre-operative CT [pre-contrast (CT-P), early post-contrast phase (CT-E), delayed post-contrast phase (CT-D)] of lipid-rich necrotic core (NC) and fibrous tissue (F) plaque components with pathological images. The ability of features to differentiate plaque components using several discrimination techniques were compared. Results: CT values of NC and F were 36 ± 13, 45 ± 11 (mean ± standard deviation, Hounsfield unit, HU), 41 ± 17, 69 ± 18, and 44 ± 16, 70 ± 13 in CT-P (p < 0.01), CT-E (p < 0.0001), and CT-D (p < 0.0001), respectively. The threshold, sensitivity, and accuracy for distinguishing NC from F were 44 HU, 74%, and 68%; 55 HU, 85%, and 85%; and 63 HU, 92%, and 84% in CTP, CT-E, and CT-D, respectively. CT-P had lower accuracy than CT-E and CT-D (both p < 0.05), but CT-E and CT-D were similar. CT-E and CT-D yielded 90 and 91% sensitivity and accuracy, respectively in linear discrimination analysis. Conclusion: In both pre- and post-contrast CT, CT values were lower in NC than F. Although values overlapped, using two-phase post-contrast CTs improved discrimination ability. Advances in knowledge: Our findings may help to establish computer-aided diagnosis of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques in future.

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