scholarly journals Black Phosphorus Nanoparticles Promote Osteogenic Differentiation of EMSCs Through Upregulated TG2 Expression

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naiyan Lu ◽  
Xinhe Wang ◽  
Wentao Shi ◽  
Lu Bian ◽  
Xuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Transglutaminase 2 ◽  
Black Phosphorus ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Promoting Effect

AbstractAt bio-safe concentrations, black phosphorus nanoparticles activated TG2, and promote the expression of ECM, which further promoted osteogenic differentiation of EMSCs. From these results, we can conclude that black phosphorus nanoparticles are suitable as biological factors in bone tissue engineering. Black phosphorus nanoparticles (BPs) present excellent biocompatibility and good biodegradability, which have been rigorously studied and proven. However, its utilization in bone tissue engineering fields is still in its infancy. Thus, the main purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of BPs on osteogenic differentiation of ectodermal mesenchymal stem cell (EMSC) in vitro. Biocompatible BPs with high yield were prepared with a simple and efficient ultrasonication technique. EMSCs were isolated from adult rat nasal respiratory mucosa. Then, we treated EMSCs with BPs at different concentrations in vitro and examined the effect of BPs on osteogenic differentiation of EMSCs. In addition, inhibitor of transglutaminase 2 (TG2) and western blot were used to clarify the mechanism of the promoting effect of BPs on osteogenesis. Our results indicated that BPs could significantly enhance osteogenic differentiation of EMSCs in vitro. Nevertheless, BPs had no effect on EMSCs proliferation. Mechanistically, BPs promoted osteogenesis differentiation of EMSCs through upregulating TG2 expression. These results highlight the advantage of using chemical materials for novel engineering strategies of these highly promising small molecules for bone-tissue regeneration.

scholarly journals Dual Network Composites of Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Calcium Metaphosphate/Alginate with Osteogenic Ions for Bone Tissue Engineering in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Lilis Iskandar ◽  
Lucy DiSilvio ◽  
Jonathan Acheson ◽  
Sanjukta Deb
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery

Despite considerable advances in biomaterials-based bone tissue engineering technologies, autografts remain the gold standard for rehabilitating critical-sized bone defects in the oral and maxillofacial (OMF) region. A majority of advanced synthetic bone substitutes (SBS’s) have not transcended the pre-clinical stage due to inferior clinical performance and translational barriers, which include low scalability, high cost, regulatory restrictions, limited advanced facilities and human resources. The aim of this study is to develop clinically viable alternatives to address the challenges of bone tissue regeneration in the OMF region by developing ‘dual network composites’ (DNC’s) of calcium metaphosphate (CMP)—poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate with osteogenic ions: calcium, zinc and strontium. To fabricate DNC’s, single network composites of PVA/CMP with 10% (w/v) gelatine particles as porogen were developed using two freeze–thawing cycles and subsequently interpenetrated by guluronate-dominant sodium alginate and chelated with calcium, zinc or strontium ions. Physicochemical, compressive, water uptake, thermal, morphological and in vitro biological properties of DNC’s were characterised. The results demonstrated elastic 3D porous scaffolds resembling a ‘spongy bone’ with fluid absorbing capacity, easily sculptable to fit anatomically complex bone defects, biocompatible and osteoconductive in vitro, thus yielding potentially clinically viable for SBS alternatives in OMF surgery.

scholarly journals Preparation and Evaluation of Biocompatible Composite for Bone Tissue Engineering

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Masud Rana Md. ◽  
Naznin Akhtar ◽  
Zahid Hasan Md. ◽  
Asaduzzaman S M
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Fixed Amount ◽  
Co Precipitation

Bone tissue engineering with cells and synthetic extracellular matrix represents a new approach for the regeneration of mineralized tissue compared with the transplantation of bone. Hydroxyapatite (HA) and its composite with biopolymer are extensively developed and applied in bone tissue regeneration. The main aim of this study was to fabricate and characterize of HA apatite based biocompatible scaffold for bone tissue engineering. Scaffolds with different ratio of polymers (chitosan & alginate), and fixed amount of synthetic HA were prepared using in situ co precipitation method and mineral to polymer ratio was 1:1 to 1: 2 . A cross linker agent, 2-Hydroxylmethacrylate (HEMA) was added at different percentage (0.5-2%) into the selected composition and irradiated at 5- 25 kGy to optimize the proper mixing of components at the presence of HEMA. Fabricated scaffolds were analyzed to determine porosity, density, biodegradability, morphology and structural properties. Porosity and density of the prepared scaffold were 75 to 92% and 0.21 to 0.42 g/cm3 respectively. However, the swelling ratio of the fabricated scaffolds was ranged from 133 to 197%. Nonetheless, there had a reasonable in-vitro degradation of prepared scaffolds. Flourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis showed intermolecular interaction between components in the scaffold. Pore size of scaffold was measured by scanning electron microscope and the value was 162-510 μm. It could be proposed that this scaffold fulfills all the main requirements to be considered as a bone substitute for biomedical application in near future.

scholarly journals Biomechanical study of cellulose scaffolds for bone tissue engineering in vivo and in vitro.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Leblanc Latour ◽  
Maryam Tarar ◽  
Ryan J. Hickey ◽  
Charles M. Cuerrier ◽  
Isabelle Catelas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Load Bearing

Plant-derived cellulose biomaterials have recently been utilized in several tissue engineering applications. These naturally-derived cellulose scaffolds have been shown to be highly biocompatible in vivo, possess structural features of relevance to several tissues, and support mammalian cell invasion and proliferation. Recent work utilizing decellularized apple hypanthium tissue has shown that it possesses a pore size similar to trabecular bone and can successfully host osteogenic differentiation. In the present study, we further examined the potential of apple-derived cellulose scaffolds for bone tissue engineering (BTE) and analyzed their mechanical properties in vitro and in vivo. MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts were seeded in cellulose scaffolds. Following chemically-induced osteogenic differentiation, scaffolds were evaluated for mineralization and for their mechanical properties. Alkaline phosphatase and Alizarin Red staining confirmed the osteogenic potential of the scaffolds. Histological analysis of the constructs revealed cell invasion and mineralization throughout the constructs. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy demonstrated the presence of mineral aggregates on the scaffolds after culture in differentiation medium, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy confirmed the presence of phosphate and calcium. However, although the Young′s modulus significantly increased after cell differentiation, it remained lower than that of healthy bone tissue. Interestingly, mechanical assessment of acellular scaffolds implanted in rat calvaria defects for 8 weeks revealed that the force required to push out the scaffolds from the surrounding bone was similar to that of native calvarial bone. In addition, cell infiltration and extracellular matrix deposition were visible within the implanted scaffolds. Overall, our results confirm that plant-derived cellulose is a promising candidate for BTE applications. However, the discrepancy in mechanical properties between the mineralized scaffolds and healthy bone tissue may limit their use to low load-bearing applications. Further structural re-engineering and optimization to improve the mechanical properties may be required for load-bearing applications.

Extracellular matrix-inspired BMP-2-delivering biodegradable fibrous particles for bone tissue engineering

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (42) ◽  
pp. 8375-8382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Min Shin ◽  
Wan-Geun La ◽  
Min Suk Lee ◽  
Hee Seok Yang ◽  
Youn-Mook Lim
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Defect

A heparin conjugated fibrous particle resembling the structure of an extracellular matrix was developed. The BMP-2 loaded particles promoted osteogenic differentiation and healing of a bone defect, in vitro and in vivo.

scholarly journals La-Doped mesoporous calcium silicate/chitosan scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1565-1573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Yuan Peng ◽  
Min Hu ◽  
Fang Liao ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Qin-Fei Ke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Chitosan Scaffolds ◽  
La Doped

La-MCS/CTS scaffolds promoted the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs in vitro and bone regeneration in vivo.

scholarly journals In vitro evaluation of novel low-pressure spark plasma sintered HA–BG composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (40) ◽  
pp. 23813-23828
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
Krishnamurithy Genasan ◽  
Malliga Raman Murali ◽  
Hanumantha Rao Balaji Raghavendran ◽  
Rodianah Alias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Composite Scaffold ◽  
Composite Scaffolds ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation ◽  
Monocyte Migration ◽  
Spark Plasma

HB 30 S composite scaffold inhibits Staphylococcus spp., supports the biocompatibility and osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs and resists monocyte migration.

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